{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200512941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","title":"Assessment of contamination level, pollution risk and source apportionment of heavy metals in the Halda River water, Bangladesh","display_name":"Assessment of contamination level, pollution risk and source apportionment of heavy metals in the Halda River water, Bangladesh","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200512941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34988319","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8695248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844021027286/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844021027286/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041613871","display_name":"Moumita Dey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-7941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-7941"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I315729180","display_name":"Noakhali Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q9we431","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moumita Dey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-7941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101774613","display_name":"Asma Akter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-3648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-3648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I315729180","display_name":"Noakhali Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q9we431","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asma Akter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080934130","display_name":"Md. Saiful Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3598-0315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3598-0315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205746353","display_name":"University of Dhaka","ror":"https://ror.org/05wv2vq37","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saiful Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055387502","display_name":"Shaikat Chandra Dey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-1138","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-1138"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205746353","display_name":"University of Dhaka","ror":"https://ror.org/05wv2vq37","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaikat Chandra Dey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027204781","display_name":"Tasrina Rabia Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6717-2550","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6717-2550"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99574509","display_name":"Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/01bw5rm87","country_code":"BD","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tasrina Rabia Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027436984","display_name":"Konica Jannat Fatema","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0388-5193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0388-5193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99574509","display_name":"Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/01bw5rm87","country_code":"BD","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konica Jannat Fatema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109788692","display_name":"Bilkis A. Begum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99574509","display_name":"Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/01bw5rm87","country_code":"BD","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilkis Ara Begum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99574509"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027204781","https://openalex.org/A5041613871"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I315729180","https://openalex.org/I99574509"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":6.3878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":168,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97965818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"12","first_page":"e08625","last_page":"e08625"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5238999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5238999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.4650999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12780","display_name":"Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metal-pollution","display_name":"heavy metal contamination","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halda-river","display_name":"Halda River","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/river-water-quality","display_name":"river water quality","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-apportionment","display_name":"source apportionment","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadmium","display_name":"cadmium","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"lead","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arsenic","display_name":"arsenic","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromium","display_name":"chromium","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper","display_name":"copper","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-wastewater-discharge","display_name":"industrial wastewater discharge","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-pollution-sources","display_name":"anthropogenic pollution sources","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nemerow-pollution-index","display_name":"Nemerow pollution index","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-factor-pollution-index","display_name":"single factor pollution index","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-index","display_name":"metal index","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33619061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655346","display_name":"Atomic absorption spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.6845474243164062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.6759066581726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.6594640612602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776053758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105789","display_name":"Heavy metals","level":2,"score":0.550898551940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5294774770736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.5277890563011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779310815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5379521","display_name":"Enrichment factor","level":3,"score":0.498004674911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.47637268900871277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.47331273555755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.31453704833984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3135848045349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844021027286/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8695248","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8695248","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34988319","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34988319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:520988f3c3fb417fa5d7779fe412dbf7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/520988f3c3fb417fa5d7779fe412dbf7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 7, Iss 12, Pp e08625- (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08625","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844021027286/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328553","display_name":"Patuakhali Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m50n726"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200512941.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174472141","https://openalex.org/W1527258768","https://openalex.org/W1549552139","https://openalex.org/W1586092561","https://openalex.org/W1838539117","https://openalex.org/W1958574545","https://openalex.org/W1965432280","https://openalex.org/W1973933670","https://openalex.org/W1976602906","https://openalex.org/W1976987976","https://openalex.org/W1984184084","https://openalex.org/W1997424481","https://openalex.org/W1999350124","https://openalex.org/W2001263256","https://openalex.org/W2002898461","https://openalex.org/W2003221509","https://openalex.org/W2011225025","https://openalex.org/W2014721161","https://openalex.org/W2020445943","https://openalex.org/W2039331834","https://openalex.org/W2043509649","https://openalex.org/W2045751236","https://openalex.org/W2054438230","https://openalex.org/W2057134850","https://openalex.org/W2073756366","https://openalex.org/W2073985785","https://openalex.org/W2078125915","https://openalex.org/W2081288174","https://openalex.org/W2083292277","https://openalex.org/W2090345409","https://openalex.org/W2095243221","https://openalex.org/W2102319964","https://openalex.org/W2102895260","https://openalex.org/W2103474203","https://openalex.org/W2116712505","https://openalex.org/W2126164548","https://openalex.org/W2160172778","https://openalex.org/W2162403933","https://openalex.org/W2164303307","https://openalex.org/W2169023260","https://openalex.org/W2188704523","https://openalex.org/W2206994683","https://openalex.org/W2260430796","https://openalex.org/W2290239950","https://openalex.org/W2327649467","https://openalex.org/W2365310692","https://openalex.org/W2369349554","https://openalex.org/W2424440093","https://openalex.org/W2523547330","https://openalex.org/W2757299965","https://openalex.org/W2763014967","https://openalex.org/W2780083725","https://openalex.org/W3040615262","https://openalex.org/W4230006437","https://openalex.org/W6687578115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401283986","https://openalex.org/W4307999444","https://openalex.org/W4404208087","https://openalex.org/W3089000292","https://openalex.org/W3121452421","https://openalex.org/W2087927592","https://openalex.org/W3173372327","https://openalex.org/W2763014967","https://openalex.org/W4406122143","https://openalex.org/W4406130839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"demonstrates":[2],"the":[3,10,13,31,44,81,86,98,117,142,147,203,210,214,236],"level":[4],"of":[5,18,43,57,134,144,153,184,194,213,235],"heavy":[6,78,87,106,135,216,237],"metal":[7,107,111],"pollution":[8,108,145],"in":[9,20,41,80,146],"Halda":[11,32,148,204],"River,":[12],"only":[14],"natural":[15,274],"breeding":[16],"source":[17,212],"carps":[19],"Bangladesh.":[21],"Water":[22,34],"was":[23,38,62,71,137,187],"collected":[24,82],"from":[25,196,240,264,273,280],"12":[26],"different":[27,241],"sampling":[28],"points":[29],"along":[30],"River.":[33,149],"at":[35],"various":[36,58,77,197],"locations":[37],"found":[39,114,188],"satisfactory":[40],"terms":[42],"assessed":[45],"physicochemical":[46],"parameters":[47],"(pH,":[48],"electrical":[49],"conductivity,":[50],"and":[51,60,75,94,110,127,166,178,199,229],"total":[52],"dissolved":[53],"solids).":[54],"The":[55,104,121,150,181,192],"presence":[56],"cations":[59],"anions":[61],"also":[63,246,278],"studied":[64],"using":[65],"ion":[66],"chromatography.":[67],"Atomic":[68],"absorption":[69],"spectroscopy":[70],"used":[72],"to":[73,139,172,189,208],"identify":[74],"quantify":[76],"metals":[79,136,238],"water":[83],"samples.":[84],"Among":[85],"metals,":[88],"Cd,":[89,254],"Cr,":[90,252],"Fe,":[91,268],"Pb,":[92,253],"Cu,":[93,251],"As":[95,270],"concentration":[96],"exceeded":[97],"safe":[99],"limit":[100],"suggested":[101],"by":[102],"WHO.":[103],"calculated":[105,138],"index":[109,112,119,130],"were":[113,170],"higher":[115],"than":[116],"critical":[118],"value.":[120],"single-factor":[122],"assessment":[123],"(P":[124,131],"i":[125,155,158,161,164,168],")":[126,133],"Nemerow's":[128],"multi-factor":[129],"N":[132,186],"find":[140],"out":[141],"degree":[143],"maximum":[151,182],"values":[152],"P":[154,157,160,163,167,185],"(Cd),":[156],"(Pb),":[159],"(As),":[162],"(Cu),":[165],"(Cr)":[169],"determined":[171],"be":[173,190,209],"26.67,":[174],"260.00,":[175],"17.00,":[176],"208.76":[177],"2.80":[179],"respectively.":[180],"value":[183],"289.04.":[191],"discharge":[193],"effluents":[195],"large":[198],"small":[200],"industries":[201],"near":[202],"River":[205],"is":[206],"considered":[207],"major":[211],"identified":[215],"metals.":[217],"Multivariate":[218,244],"statistical":[219],"analysis":[220,231,245],"such":[221],"as":[222],"principal":[223],"component":[224],"analysis,":[225],"Pearson":[226],"correlation":[227],"matrix":[228],"cluster":[230],"revealed":[232],"that":[233,248],"most":[234],"originated":[239,272],"anthropogenic":[242],"sources.":[243,275],"showed":[247],"Co,":[249],"Mn,":[250],"NH":[255],"4":[256],"+":[257],",":[258],"NO":[259],"3":[260],"-":[261],"mainly":[262,271],"came":[263,279],"artificial":[265,281],"sources":[266,282],"whereas":[267],"Ca,":[269],"Arsenic":[276],"(As)":[277],"with":[283],"Cu.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}