{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200475779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis using genetic programming based on higher order spectra features","display_name":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis using genetic programming based on higher order spectra features","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200475779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021001134/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021001134/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036516899","display_name":"Mahda Nasrolahzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-3282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-3282"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39470171","display_name":"Ontario Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40734275","display_name":"Hakim Sabzevari University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zyh6d22","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40734275"]}],"countries":["CA","IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahda Nasrolahzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran","Department of Electrical, Computer, and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40734275"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer, and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077727968","display_name":"Shahryar Rahnamayan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6990-787X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6990-787X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39470171","display_name":"Ontario Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahryar Rahnamayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer, and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer, and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038465361","display_name":"Javad Haddadnia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-455X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-455X","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9332-3114"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40734275","display_name":"Hakim Sabzevari University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zyh6d22","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40734275"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javad Haddadnia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-455X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40734275"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038465361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40734275"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":1.8992,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85587267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"100225","last_page":"100225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.5259000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.5259000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.2992999851703644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.03999999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease-diagnosis","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease diagnosis","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"genetic programming","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-speech-analysis","display_name":"spontaneous speech analysis","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-classification","display_name":"patient classification","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-computation","display_name":"evolutionary computation","score":0.44699999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.6788288354873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6096920967102051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5614522099494934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5382705926895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5156111121177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.5062255263328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4960263669490814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4464970827102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42141833901405334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36959078907966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2788710594177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.14008235931396484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13407748937606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021001134/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8e86eca9825e4628b70021c90b691c88","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8e86eca9825e4628b70021c90b691c88","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 100225- (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100225","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827021001134/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310923","display_name":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323369","display_name":"Hakim Sabzevari University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zyh6d22"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200475779.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200475779.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36820562","https://openalex.org/W1483736078","https://openalex.org/W1549115098","https://openalex.org/W1549278311","https://openalex.org/W1589720045","https://openalex.org/W1592299019","https://openalex.org/W1853705225","https://openalex.org/W1968983915","https://openalex.org/W1972027273","https://openalex.org/W1979769287","https://openalex.org/W1983999833","https://openalex.org/W1985390817","https://openalex.org/W1994871153","https://openalex.org/W1995564916","https://openalex.org/W1997994949","https://openalex.org/W1999318234","https://openalex.org/W2004406940","https://openalex.org/W2008124933","https://openalex.org/W2016787780","https://openalex.org/W2018388266","https://openalex.org/W2019154940","https://openalex.org/W2029330771","https://openalex.org/W2071430622","https://openalex.org/W2074037951","https://openalex.org/W2082031730","https://openalex.org/W2089109585","https://openalex.org/W2091205549","https://openalex.org/W2096188505","https://openalex.org/W2098745184","https://openalex.org/W2115017507","https://openalex.org/W2123056519","https://openalex.org/W2123879611","https://openalex.org/W2142841865","https://openalex.org/W2151365908","https://openalex.org/W2151439085","https://openalex.org/W2151969795","https://openalex.org/W2173226459","https://openalex.org/W2242800426","https://openalex.org/W2252171711","https://openalex.org/W2303313249","https://openalex.org/W2303412516","https://openalex.org/W2324193379","https://openalex.org/W2481757162","https://openalex.org/W2497951974","https://openalex.org/W2507813066","https://openalex.org/W2516991950","https://openalex.org/W2593444810","https://openalex.org/W2605774484","https://openalex.org/W2609856734","https://openalex.org/W2618179696","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2793398224","https://openalex.org/W2888982149","https://openalex.org/W2892078476","https://openalex.org/W2944345944","https://openalex.org/W2996303435","https://openalex.org/W3003566741","https://openalex.org/W3035183237","https://openalex.org/W3091543290","https://openalex.org/W3148438775","https://openalex.org/W3165140781","https://openalex.org/W3186891109","https://openalex.org/W3190568003","https://openalex.org/W4245195295","https://openalex.org/W4256182640","https://openalex.org/W4292901553","https://openalex.org/W6651464168"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401414877","https://openalex.org/W4375947020","https://openalex.org/W2888982149","https://openalex.org/W2146330739","https://openalex.org/W2987779221","https://openalex.org/W2090304207","https://openalex.org/W1988406745","https://openalex.org/W4394706014","https://openalex.org/W4383478174","https://openalex.org/W4307195016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[1,45,95,177],"diagnosis":[2,43,81,175],"field,":[3],"Computer-Aided":[4],"Diagnosis":[5],"(CADx)":[6],"technology":[7],"can":[8,170],"improve":[9],"the":[10,42,79,84,119,135,143,154,164,174],"work":[11],"performance":[12,107,124],"of":[13,31,44,72,83,89,110,150,156,166,176],"medical":[14],"researchers":[15],"and":[16],"practitioners":[17],"since":[18],"it":[19],"gives":[20],"early":[21],"chances":[22],"to":[23,35,68,78,105,126],"patient\u2019s":[24],"eligibility":[25],"for":[26,41,159],"clinical":[27],"trials.":[28],"The":[29,59,87,115,148],"aim":[30],"this":[32,151],"study":[33,152],"is":[34,131],"develop":[36],"a":[37,63,70],"novel":[38],"CADx":[39,161],"system":[40],"disease":[46],"(AD)":[47],"by":[48,101,141],"utilizing":[49],"genetic":[50],"programming":[51],"(GP)":[52],"as":[53],"data-driven":[54,145],"evolutionary":[55],"computation":[56],"based":[57,66],"modeling.":[58],"proposed":[60,144],"method":[61,121,158],"invokes":[62],"majority":[64],"voting":[65],"scheme":[67],"select":[69],"set":[71],"most":[73],"discriminant":[74],"features":[75],"which":[76],"leads":[77],"highest":[80,136],"accuracy":[82,137],"final":[85],"classification.":[86],"effectiveness":[88],"GP":[90,120],"in":[91,108,173],"categorizing":[92],"patients":[93],"with":[94],"versus":[96],"healthy":[97],"group":[98],"was":[99,139],"revealed":[100],"developing":[102,160],"models":[103],"according":[104],"their":[106],"terms":[109],"higher-order":[111],"spectra":[112],"(HOS)":[113],"features.":[114],"results":[116,149],"show":[117],"that":[118,134],"achieved":[122],"better":[123],"compared":[125],"other":[127],"the-state-of-the-art":[128],"approaches.":[129],"It":[130],"also":[132],"found":[133],"index":[138],"yielded":[140],"using":[142],"modeling":[146],"technique.":[147],"emphasize":[153],"practicality":[155],"GP-based":[157],"systems,":[162],"on":[163],"basis":[165],"spontaneous":[167],"speech":[168],"analysis;":[169],"efficiently":[171],"assist":[172],"disease.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}