{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200470394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","title":"Simulation of Depth of Wear of Eco-Friendly Concrete Using Machine Learning Based Computational Approaches","display_name":"Simulation of Depth of Wear of Eco-Friendly Concrete Using Machine Learning Based Computational Approaches","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200470394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35009206","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8746218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma15010058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/58/pdf?version=1640178207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/58/pdf?version=1640178207","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073427380","display_name":"Mohsin Ali Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-5557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-5557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112203","display_name":"CECOS University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xyxtp53","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsin Ali Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","Department of Structural Engineering, Military College of Engineering (MCE), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-5557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Structural Engineering, Military College of Engineering (MCE), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029564828","display_name":"Furqan Farooq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-1655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-1655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24881138","display_name":"Cracow University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdej676","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799678268","display_name":"Pakistan Army","ror":"https://ror.org/0310kd428","country_code":"PK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799678268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Furqan Farooq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland","Military Engineer Service (MES), Ministry of Defence (MoD), Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan","School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-1655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Engineer Service (MES), Ministry of Defence (MoD), Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799678268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058875606","display_name":"Muhammad Faisal Javed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-9324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-9324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Faisal Javed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-9324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Adeel Zafar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adeel Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Structural Engineering, Military College of Engineering (MCE), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Structural Engineering, Military College of Engineering (MCE), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067574954","display_name":"Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-5862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-5862"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24881138","display_name":"Cracow University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdej676","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-5862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057578694","display_name":"Fahid Aslam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-3283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-3283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahid Aslam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-3283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088811707","display_name":"Seweryn Malazdrewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-9077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-9077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seweryn Malazdrewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering and Construction Processes, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering and Construction Processes, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078838278","display_name":"Mariusz Ma\u015blak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3592-429X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3592-429X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24881138","display_name":"Cracow University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdej676","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariusz Ma\u015blak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3592-429X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24881138"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029564828"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24881138","https://openalex.org/I2799678268","https://openalex.org/I929597975"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"fwci":7.2577,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98331398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"58","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.8438000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.8438000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.08009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13140","display_name":"Materials Engineering and Processing","score":0.021199999377131462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fly-ash-concrete","display_name":"fly ash concrete","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-concrete","display_name":"sustainable concrete","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest-regression","display_name":"random forest regression","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression-programming","display_name":"gene expression programming","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/durability-prediction","display_name":"durability prediction","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-content","display_name":"cement content","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture-content","display_name":"moisture content","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregates","display_name":"aggregates","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasticizers","display_name":"plasticizers","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-entraining-agents","display_name":"air-entraining agents","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-analysis","display_name":"sensitivity analysis","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-construction","display_name":"sustainable construction","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87343466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236139","display_name":"Fly ash","level":2,"score":0.8313487768173218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.6153745651245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171534860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655870","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","level":2,"score":0.6002304553985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5216110944747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.48695263266563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6980683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5531551","display_name":"Gene expression programming","level":2,"score":0.4844696521759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.44313934445381165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.416239470243454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4101235270500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.39933186769485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3908066153526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.33366692066192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23865032196044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.22281426191329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.16723966598510742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12769344449043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma15010058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/58/pdf?version=1640178207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8746218","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8746218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35009206","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35009206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:75b0667b42fd44f2abaad755669c5124","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/75b0667b42fd44f2abaad755669c5124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 58 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma15010058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/58/pdf?version=1640178207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323930","display_name":"Politechnika Krakowska","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdej676"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327756","display_name":"National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/019vsm959"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200470394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200470394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602773462","https://openalex.org/W1145034317","https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1965342389","https://openalex.org/W1975846642","https://openalex.org/W1979721602","https://openalex.org/W1986762281","https://openalex.org/W2011580004","https://openalex.org/W2017476428","https://openalex.org/W2024404845","https://openalex.org/W2026955441","https://openalex.org/W2028379189","https://openalex.org/W2032962877","https://openalex.org/W2052757243","https://openalex.org/W2054557393","https://openalex.org/W2087661061","https://openalex.org/W2096185550","https://openalex.org/W2171600139","https://openalex.org/W2195671126","https://openalex.org/W2240074784","https://openalex.org/W2277974698","https://openalex.org/W2581214360","https://openalex.org/W2592987804","https://openalex.org/W2594967417","https://openalex.org/W2614109333","https://openalex.org/W2739644203","https://openalex.org/W2801877232","https://openalex.org/W2803896223","https://openalex.org/W2810537553","https://openalex.org/W2886514679","https://openalex.org/W2895154065","https://openalex.org/W2900511825","https://openalex.org/W2901141223","https://openalex.org/W2902256659","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2925700532","https://openalex.org/W2936814440","https://openalex.org/W2955963856","https://openalex.org/W2956085207","https://openalex.org/W2964938350","https://openalex.org/W2968704627","https://openalex.org/W2976039593","https://openalex.org/W2976353133","https://openalex.org/W2980539464","https://openalex.org/W2984963578","https://openalex.org/W2993312725","https://openalex.org/W2994668287","https://openalex.org/W2998134678","https://openalex.org/W2998585397","https://openalex.org/W3000609552","https://openalex.org/W3006780875","https://openalex.org/W3006941356","https://openalex.org/W3008008902","https://openalex.org/W3008932423","https://openalex.org/W3009520784","https://openalex.org/W3012181011","https://openalex.org/W3029218517","https://openalex.org/W3030700427","https://openalex.org/W3031861613","https://openalex.org/W3036888540","https://openalex.org/W3038122322","https://openalex.org/W3046169907","https://openalex.org/W3081231874","https://openalex.org/W3081342661","https://openalex.org/W3082471296","https://openalex.org/W3087991416","https://openalex.org/W3093978738","https://openalex.org/W3094127017","https://openalex.org/W3094372045","https://openalex.org/W3096786988","https://openalex.org/W3097509668","https://openalex.org/W3097718532","https://openalex.org/W3107249824","https://openalex.org/W3125850143","https://openalex.org/W3126997349","https://openalex.org/W3128759053","https://openalex.org/W3130576148","https://openalex.org/W3135127814","https://openalex.org/W3147191068","https://openalex.org/W3156334537","https://openalex.org/W3159542470","https://openalex.org/W3175777819","https://openalex.org/W3191116289","https://openalex.org/W3195447049","https://openalex.org/W3196351205","https://openalex.org/W3204723807"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389101427","https://openalex.org/W4389218941","https://openalex.org/W7223345508","https://openalex.org/W4401512370","https://openalex.org/W4284882119","https://openalex.org/W3097718532","https://openalex.org/W7126060395","https://openalex.org/W3167921846","https://openalex.org/W7117569425","https://openalex.org/W3204631755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"avoid":[1],"time-consuming,":[2],"costly,":[3],"and":[4,39,66,79,88,110,114,117,144,172,193],"laborious":[5],"experimental":[6,49],"tests":[7],"that":[8,153,189],"require":[9],"skilled":[10],"personnel,":[11],"an":[12],"effort":[13],"has":[14],"been":[15],"made":[16],"to":[17,174,191],"formulate":[18],"the":[19,95,120,126,134,137,154,159,169,177,197],"depth":[20,59,178],"of":[21,23,30,60,86,90,94,136,149,156,164,179,181,199],"wear":[22,61,180],"fly-ash":[24,182],"concrete":[25,183],"using":[26],"a":[27,63],"comparative":[28],"study":[29],"machine":[31],"learning":[32],"techniques,":[33],"namely":[34],"random":[35],"forest":[36],"regression":[37],"(RFR)":[38],"gene":[40],"expression":[41],"programming":[42],"(GEP).":[43],"A":[44],"widespread":[45],"database":[46,57],"comprising":[47],"216":[48],"records":[50],"was":[51,97],"constructed":[52],"from":[53,196],"available":[54],"research.":[55],"The":[56,92,102,129,146,162],"includes":[58],"as":[62],"response":[64],"parameter":[65],"nine":[67],"different":[68],"explanatory":[69],"variables,":[70],"i.e.,":[71],"cement":[72],"content,":[73,77],"fly":[74],"ash,":[75],"water":[76],"fine":[78],"coarse":[80],"aggregate,":[81],"plasticizer,":[82],"air-entraining":[83],"agent,":[84],"age":[85],"concrete,":[87],"time":[89,155],"testing.":[91],"performance":[93,107],"models":[96],"judged":[98],"via":[99],"statistical":[100],"metrics.":[101],"GEP":[103,150],"model":[104,138],"gives":[105],"better":[106],"with":[108,119],"R2":[109],"\u03c1":[111],"equals":[112],"0.9667":[113],"0.0501":[115],"respectively":[116],"meet":[118],"external":[121],"validation":[122],"criterion":[123],"suggested":[124],"in":[125],"previous":[127],"literature.":[128],"k-fold":[130],"cross-validation":[131],"also":[132],"verifies":[133],"accurateness":[135],"by":[139],"evaluating":[140],"R2,":[141],"RSE,":[142],"MAE,":[143],"RMSE.":[145],"sensitivity":[147],"analysis":[148],"equation":[151],"indicated":[152],"testing":[157],"is":[158],"influential":[160],"parameter.":[161],"results":[163],"this":[165],"research":[166],"can":[167],"help":[168],"designers,":[170],"practitioners,":[171],"researchers":[173],"quickly":[175],"estimate":[176],"thus":[184],"shortening":[185],"its":[186],"ecological":[187],"susceptibilities":[188],"push":[190],"sustainable":[192],"faster":[194],"construction":[195],"viewpoint":[198],"environmentally":[200],"friendly":[201],"waste":[202],"management.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}