{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200463569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","title":"Blame shifting and blame obfuscation: The blame avoidance effects of delegation in the European Union","display_name":"Blame shifting and blame obfuscation: The blame avoidance effects of delegation in the European Union","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200463569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135158421","display_name":"European Journal of Political Research","issn_l":"0304-4130","issn":["0304-4130","1475-6765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028372755","display_name":"Tim Heinkelmann\u2010Wild","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-6048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-6048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tim Heinkelmann-Wild","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-6048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044487389","display_name":"Bernhard Zangl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Zangl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050144111","display_name":"Berthold Rittberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-6455","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-6455"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berthold Rittberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000209710","display_name":"Lisa Kriegmair","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Kriegmair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028372755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"apc_list":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"fwci":34.8934,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99702433,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"1","first_page":"221","last_page":"238"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13459","display_name":"Public Administration and Political Analysis","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blame-shifting","display_name":"blame shifting","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blame-avoidance","display_name":"blame avoidance","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegation","display_name":"delegation","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-governance","display_name":"EU governance","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-coverage","display_name":"media coverage","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-crises","display_name":"financial crisis","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migrant-crisis","display_name":"migration crisis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-accountability","display_name":"government accountability","score":0.8500000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.9242785573005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.8050382137298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5388697385787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5224137306213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143299363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900584","display_name":"Attribution","level":2,"score":0.513450026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.4947218596935272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.44765743613243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.42637407779693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3579590916633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.34931206703186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34726470708847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33488890528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3265073299407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22398912906646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.16755786538124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10296100378036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.06553119421005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135158421","display_name":"European Journal of Political Research","issn_l":"0304-4130","issn":["0304-4130","1475-6765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de:108791","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108791/","pdf_url":"https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108791/1/European_J_Political_Res_-_2021_-_HEINKELMANN%E2%80%90WILD_-_Blame_shifting_and_blame_obfuscation__The_blame_avoidance_effects_of.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401845","display_name":"Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","host_organization_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1475-6765.12503","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135158421","display_name":"European Journal of Political Research","issn_l":"0304-4130","issn":["0304-4130","1475-6765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1211101367","display_name":"\u00d6ffentliche Verantwortungsattribution in der Europ\u00e4ischen Union","funder_award_id":"391007015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200463569.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200463569.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W119263794","https://openalex.org/W1481034327","https://openalex.org/W1482978399","https://openalex.org/W1489753627","https://openalex.org/W1492746918","https://openalex.org/W1528784858","https://openalex.org/W1541419357","https://openalex.org/W1545371996","https://openalex.org/W1560111033","https://openalex.org/W1584463924","https://openalex.org/W1590697417","https://openalex.org/W1686520312","https://openalex.org/W1837903746","https://openalex.org/W1885786225","https://openalex.org/W1939104762","https://openalex.org/W1957070086","https://openalex.org/W1964361362","https://openalex.org/W1966358148","https://openalex.org/W1967900126","https://openalex.org/W1969296778","https://openalex.org/W1979500150","https://openalex.org/W1993075639","https://openalex.org/W1993190057","https://openalex.org/W1994125600","https://openalex.org/W1994202274","https://openalex.org/W1996722697","https://openalex.org/W2016742388","https://openalex.org/W2032779039","https://openalex.org/W2034591054","https://openalex.org/W2034661129","https://openalex.org/W2039327739","https://openalex.org/W2044531730","https://openalex.org/W2054145375","https://openalex.org/W2061299748","https://openalex.org/W2072268369","https://openalex.org/W2076933293","https://openalex.org/W2080831178","https://openalex.org/W2093684202","https://openalex.org/W2096735723","https://openalex.org/W2112551881","https://openalex.org/W2113200317","https://openalex.org/W2120506703","https://openalex.org/W2148560040","https://openalex.org/W2149893809","https://openalex.org/W2277006809","https://openalex.org/W2280395357","https://openalex.org/W2323019830","https://openalex.org/W2329103711","https://openalex.org/W2337198404","https://openalex.org/W2342665450","https://openalex.org/W2408167756","https://openalex.org/W2488026273","https://openalex.org/W2495783410","https://openalex.org/W2519630601","https://openalex.org/W2564195004","https://openalex.org/W2605434908","https://openalex.org/W2623308811","https://openalex.org/W2655156523","https://openalex.org/W2738645285","https://openalex.org/W2749654796","https://openalex.org/W2767084664","https://openalex.org/W2771257964","https://openalex.org/W2773444719","https://openalex.org/W2775516335","https://openalex.org/W2783603368","https://openalex.org/W2803669377","https://openalex.org/W2809448036","https://openalex.org/W2907833938","https://openalex.org/W2947246055","https://openalex.org/W2947513036","https://openalex.org/W2951881118","https://openalex.org/W2954087776","https://openalex.org/W2970388743","https://openalex.org/W2974712733","https://openalex.org/W2980507412","https://openalex.org/W2987291346","https://openalex.org/W2995284650","https://openalex.org/W3005967909","https://openalex.org/W3006766726","https://openalex.org/W3015009277","https://openalex.org/W3017927428","https://openalex.org/W3036465178","https://openalex.org/W3113200878","https://openalex.org/W3121967576","https://openalex.org/W3124967486","https://openalex.org/W3147400148","https://openalex.org/W3183691489","https://openalex.org/W4237035207","https://openalex.org/W4243911348","https://openalex.org/W4245308121"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2980507412","https://openalex.org/W2987291346","https://openalex.org/W3160210802","https://openalex.org/W4400795818","https://openalex.org/W4403703108","https://openalex.org/W2607281197","https://openalex.org/W4403703126","https://openalex.org/W4403703131","https://openalex.org/W2605572074","https://openalex.org/W3005967909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,36],"delegation":[2,54,93,97],"of":[3,40,45,49,52,72,92,104,112],"governance":[4,168],"tasks":[5,169],"to":[6,12,15,130,160,170],"third":[7,171],"parties":[8],"is":[9],"generally":[10],"assumed":[11],"help":[13],"governments":[14],"avoid":[16],"blame":[17,42,66,89,114,120,136,148],"once":[18,164],"policies":[19,76],"become":[20],"contested.":[21],"International":[22],"organizations,":[23],"including":[24],"the":[25,41,50,61,69,78,82,88,96,117,131],"European":[26],"Union":[27],"(EU),":[28],"are":[29,101,127],"considered":[30],"particularly":[31],"opportune":[32],"in":[33,60,68],"this":[34,58],"regard.":[35],"literature":[37],"lacks":[38],"assessments":[39],"avoidance":[43,90],"effects":[44,51],"delegation,":[46],"let":[47],"alone":[48],"different":[53],"designs.":[55],"To":[56],"address":[57],"gap":[59],"literature,":[62],"we":[63,107],"study":[64],"public":[65,113,135],"attributions":[67,115,137],"media":[70],"coverage":[71],"two":[73],"contested":[74,140],"EU":[75],"during":[77],"financial":[79],"crisis":[80],"and":[81,124],"migration":[83],"crisis.":[84],"We":[85],"show":[86],"that":[87],"effect":[91,122,150],"depends":[94],"on":[95],"design:":[98],"When":[99],"agents":[100,126],"independent":[102],"(dependent)":[103],"government":[105,118,132],"control,":[106],"observe":[108],"lower":[109],"(higher)":[110],"shares":[111],"targeting":[116],"(":[119,147],"shifting":[121],"),":[123],"when":[125],"external":[128],"(internal)":[129],"apparatus,":[133],"overall":[134],"for":[138,158],"a":[139],"policy":[141],"will":[142],"be":[143],"less":[144],"(more)":[145],"frequent":[146],"obfuscation":[149],").":[151],"Our":[152],"findings":[153],"yield":[154],"important":[155],"normative":[156],"implications":[157],"how":[159],"maintain":[161],"governments\u2019":[162],"accountability":[163],"they":[165],"have":[166],"delegated":[167],"parties.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}