{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200419601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","title":"The Relationship Between CEO Duality and Business Firms\u2019 Performance: The Moderating Role of Firm Size and Corporate Social Responsibility","display_name":"The Relationship Between CEO Duality and Business Firms\u2019 Performance: The Moderating Role of Firm Size and Corporate Social Responsibility","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200419601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35035363","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8757377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083654951","display_name":"Riaqa Mubeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8150-3018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8150-3018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Riaqa Mubeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100518224","display_name":"Dongping Han","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongping Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069013721","display_name":"Jaffar Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-1435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-1435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaffar Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Antai College of Economics and Management (ACEM), School of Media and Communication (SMC), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Antai College of Economics and Management (ACEM), School of Media and Communication (SMC), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064829940","display_name":"Susana \u00c1lvarez Otero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-5690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-5690"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165339363","display_name":"Universidad de Oviedo","ror":"https://ror.org/006gksa02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susana \u00c1lvarez-Otero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052016592","display_name":"Muhammad Safdar Sial","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5473-8882","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5473-8882"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Safdar Sial","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069013721","https://openalex.org/A5083654951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":31.9016,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99837005,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"669715","last_page":"669715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13957","display_name":"Corporate Governance and Financial Management","score":0.021199999377131462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceo-duality","display_name":"CEO duality","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size","display_name":"firm size","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"corporate social responsibility","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderating-effect","display_name":"moderating effect","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"corporate governance","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-large-firms","display_name":"small and large firms","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-listed-companies","display_name":"Chinese listed companies","score":0.8489999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141261163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218600","display_name":"Corporate social responsibility","level":2,"score":0.6565251350402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6239503026008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6167857050895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.554124116897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986265317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484876","display_name":"Chief executive officer","level":2,"score":0.5192094445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.5018253326416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.4606137275695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.44290050864219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.4291148781776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25328781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5452109","display_name":"Firm offer","level":2,"score":0.4214920699596405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3773658871650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.34715962409973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3354257047176361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22400057315826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17500954866409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.14366304874420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1405773162841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.10944986343383789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8757377","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8757377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35035363","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35035363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aae2d09c9701492d80728c624ca9999a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aae2d09c9701492d80728c624ca9999a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669715/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.46860000491142273}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200419601.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200419601.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":152,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W310242156","https://openalex.org/W1482763421","https://openalex.org/W1523086489","https://openalex.org/W1552670893","https://openalex.org/W1600370906","https://openalex.org/W1707485538","https://openalex.org/W1719613879","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1975638766","https://openalex.org/W1976472715","https://openalex.org/W1985180665","https://openalex.org/W1985222397","https://openalex.org/W1985299766","https://openalex.org/W1987102925","https://openalex.org/W1992497184","https://openalex.org/W2000380427","https://openalex.org/W2002782252","https://openalex.org/W2007801487","https://openalex.org/W2009106448","https://openalex.org/W2017528446","https://openalex.org/W2020534478","https://openalex.org/W2023006733","https://openalex.org/W2024655861","https://openalex.org/W2025422497","https://openalex.org/W2025610165","https://openalex.org/W2030251502","https://openalex.org/W2031197058","https://openalex.org/W2033149563","https://openalex.org/W2034067661","https://openalex.org/W2036453286","https://openalex.org/W2045427766","https://openalex.org/W2068792864","https://openalex.org/W2068917953","https://openalex.org/W2074245596","https://openalex.org/W2080559518","https://openalex.org/W2082372859","https://openalex.org/W2086189239","https://openalex.org/W2088754100","https://openalex.org/W2094623919","https://openalex.org/W2100909950","https://openalex.org/W2106808931","https://openalex.org/W2108835948","https://openalex.org/W2109341202","https://openalex.org/W2109927980","https://openalex.org/W2115183045","https://openalex.org/W2121191282","https://openalex.org/W2123137662","https://openalex.org/W2131684960","https://openalex.org/W2148416404","https://openalex.org/W2149202927","https://openalex.org/W2159648070","https://openalex.org/W2163506333","https://openalex.org/W2268712472","https://openalex.org/W2296012857","https://openalex.org/W2333049154","https://openalex.org/W2335864832","https://openalex.org/W2410265457","https://openalex.org/W2472636350","https://openalex.org/W2530052302","https://openalex.org/W2556005049","https://openalex.org/W2591825944","https://openalex.org/W2598767870","https://openalex.org/W2606371920","https://openalex.org/W2625072384","https://openalex.org/W2753176452","https://openalex.org/W2755763803","https://openalex.org/W2757740984","https://openalex.org/W2770129457","https://openalex.org/W2785942093","https://openalex.org/W2791080321","https://openalex.org/W2792509163","https://openalex.org/W2793752933","https://openalex.org/W2795118958","https://openalex.org/W2795233759","https://openalex.org/W2800506786","https://openalex.org/W2800737487","https://openalex.org/W2889445292","https://openalex.org/W2893857988","https://openalex.org/W2896808023","https://openalex.org/W2898912130","https://openalex.org/W2907861623","https://openalex.org/W2908156388","https://openalex.org/W2916153726","https://openalex.org/W2924211343","https://openalex.org/W2931191272","https://openalex.org/W2931954745","https://openalex.org/W2944767545","https://openalex.org/W2947884856","https://openalex.org/W2951231272","https://openalex.org/W2974914973","https://openalex.org/W2982017000","https://openalex.org/W2988633782","https://openalex.org/W2999501925","https://openalex.org/W3002120845","https://openalex.org/W3002493867","https://openalex.org/W3012821199","https://openalex.org/W3013871657","https://openalex.org/W3014411288","https://openalex.org/W3016965992","https://openalex.org/W3018124978","https://openalex.org/W3019583633","https://openalex.org/W3021889044","https://openalex.org/W3023790482","https://openalex.org/W3029658331","https://openalex.org/W3037964039","https://openalex.org/W3039321771","https://openalex.org/W3039725920","https://openalex.org/W3039863613","https://openalex.org/W3040768861","https://openalex.org/W3047587703","https://openalex.org/W3049063759","https://openalex.org/W3049570556","https://openalex.org/W3082215282","https://openalex.org/W3083695056","https://openalex.org/W3083912741","https://openalex.org/W3089988225","https://openalex.org/W3090507243","https://openalex.org/W3091937009","https://openalex.org/W3094593236","https://openalex.org/W3103298404","https://openalex.org/W3103940073","https://openalex.org/W3108321608","https://openalex.org/W3113220078","https://openalex.org/W3115330439","https://openalex.org/W3118250444","https://openalex.org/W3119661369","https://openalex.org/W3120880088","https://openalex.org/W3121239055","https://openalex.org/W3121847244","https://openalex.org/W3122467057","https://openalex.org/W3122859634","https://openalex.org/W3123920159","https://openalex.org/W3124994146","https://openalex.org/W3125043056","https://openalex.org/W3125326244","https://openalex.org/W3125534766","https://openalex.org/W3125601827","https://openalex.org/W3125649736","https://openalex.org/W3126114618","https://openalex.org/W3128980535","https://openalex.org/W3139459276","https://openalex.org/W3157735070","https://openalex.org/W3158288936","https://openalex.org/W3160318913","https://openalex.org/W3160567393","https://openalex.org/W3163159304","https://openalex.org/W3168213494","https://openalex.org/W3187353046","https://openalex.org/W3196851923","https://openalex.org/W4226158524","https://openalex.org/W4242709221","https://openalex.org/W6788725647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6415101","https://openalex.org/W4385542271","https://openalex.org/W4399705811","https://openalex.org/W7159812753","https://openalex.org/W2068792864","https://openalex.org/W6966692669","https://openalex.org/W4281618335","https://openalex.org/W3140960997","https://openalex.org/W7203575907","https://openalex.org/W4317042521"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,46,167,216],"study":[1,47,205],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,18,121,144,164,230],"exploring":[4],"the":[5,20,57,75,81,109,122,145,175,179,185,191,212,228],"relationship":[6,102,123,146],"between":[7,77,124,147],"chief":[8],"executive":[9],"officer":[10],"(CEO)":[11],"duality":[12,79,97,126,149],"and":[13,22,43,61,80,116,118,127,135,140,150,197,208],"firm":[14,104,113,151,165,183,198,231],"performance.":[15,105,152,166,203,232],"We":[16,106],"focus":[17],"how":[19,174],"size":[21,114,199],"corporate":[23,213],"social":[24],"responsibility":[25],"(CSR)":[26],"of":[27,34,39,50,70,83,112,130,178,181,187,194],"firms":[28,54,86,134,158,189],"moderate":[29],"this":[30,239],"relationship.":[31],"In":[32],"terms":[33],"size,":[35],"business":[36,53,85,202],"organizations":[37],"are":[38],"two":[40],"types:":[41],"small":[42,157],"large":[44],"firms.":[45,132],"uses":[48],"datasets":[49],"listed":[51],"Chinese":[52,84,131,188],"included":[55],"in":[56,222],"China":[58],"Stock":[59],"Market":[60],"Accounting":[62],"Research":[63],"database.":[64],"It":[65],"employs":[66],"a":[67,99,160,182],"generalized":[68],"method":[69],"moment's":[71],"technique":[72],"to":[73,211,226],"explore":[74],"connection":[76],"CEO":[78,96,125,148,155,180],"performance":[82,129,186],"through":[87,190],"double":[88],"mediation":[89],"effects.":[90],"Our":[91],"empirical":[92,207],"analysis":[93],"showed":[94,138,159],"that":[95],"has":[98],"significant":[100,139],"negative":[101,161],"with":[103,154],"also":[107],"explored":[108],"moderating":[110,142,162,192],"effects":[111,143,229],"(small":[115],"large)":[117],"CSR":[119,136,195],"practices":[120,137,196],"improved":[128],"Large":[133],"positive":[141],"Conversely,":[153],"duality,":[156],"influence":[163],"inclusive":[168],"model":[169],"provides":[170],"valuable":[171],"insights":[172,237],"into":[173],"dual":[176],"role":[177,193],"affected":[184],"for":[200],"better":[201],"The":[204],"offers":[206],"theoretical":[209],"contributions":[210],"governance":[214],"literature.":[215],"research":[217],"framework":[218],"might":[219],"help":[220],"researchers":[221],"designing":[223],"robust":[224],"strategies":[225],"evaluate":[227],"Researchers":[233],"may":[234],"gain":[235],"helpful":[236],"using":[238],"methodology.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}