{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200399645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","title":"Trends and Climate Response in the Phenology of Crops in Northeast China","display_name":"Trends and Climate Response in the Phenology of Crops in Northeast China","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200399645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feart.2021.811621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.811621/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595152256","display_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","issn_l":"2296-6463","issn":["2296-6463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.811621/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035422277","display_name":"Dengpan Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6900-1237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6900-1237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147114","display_name":"Hebei Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xqveg17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dengpan Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147114","display_name":"Hebei Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xqveg17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103169295","display_name":"Huizi Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-3077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-3077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147114","display_name":"Hebei Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xqveg17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huizi Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102401507","display_name":"Jianzhao Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147114","display_name":"Hebei Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xqveg17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Technology Research Center, Geographic Information Development and Application of Hebei, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035422277"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":2.3799,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88373763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-phenology","display_name":"crop phenology","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts-on-crops","display_name":"climate change impacts on crops","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize","display_name":"maize","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice","display_name":"rice","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean","display_name":"soybean","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-response","display_name":"temperature sensitivity","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation-accumulation","display_name":"precipitation accumulation","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetative-growth-period","display_name":"vegetative growth period","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northeast-china","display_name":"Northeast China","score":0.7049999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.9593845009803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.7355015873908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6980028748512268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6438840627670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5567782521247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197529216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14907183","display_name":"Sunshine duration","level":3,"score":0.5378887057304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.44125866889953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3928489685058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3904406428337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18801149725914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.1702231764793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.060505211353302}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/feart.2021.811621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.811621/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595152256","display_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","issn_l":"2296-6463","issn":["2296-6463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45e7680aafee483c90ebe5daf93159ec","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45e7680aafee483c90ebe5daf93159ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 9 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feart.2021.811621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.811621","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.811621/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595152256","display_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","issn_l":"2296-6463","issn":["2296-6463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Earth Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1134188894","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41901128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200399645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200399645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972815461","https://openalex.org/W1989749148","https://openalex.org/W1990275677","https://openalex.org/W1996056882","https://openalex.org/W1997641853","https://openalex.org/W2001909837","https://openalex.org/W2025665945","https://openalex.org/W2028719305","https://openalex.org/W2029411945","https://openalex.org/W2033389170","https://openalex.org/W2033481223","https://openalex.org/W2051822213","https://openalex.org/W2052786719","https://openalex.org/W2053596403","https://openalex.org/W2060769750","https://openalex.org/W2086459154","https://openalex.org/W2091289840","https://openalex.org/W2097782935","https://openalex.org/W2117798977","https://openalex.org/W2150035466","https://openalex.org/W2152515271","https://openalex.org/W2359822351","https://openalex.org/W2405144904","https://openalex.org/W2482008815","https://openalex.org/W2548652088","https://openalex.org/W2594666563","https://openalex.org/W2737208339","https://openalex.org/W2803831904","https://openalex.org/W2887336258","https://openalex.org/W2903174016","https://openalex.org/W2931672637","https://openalex.org/W2942798027","https://openalex.org/W2944221272","https://openalex.org/W2982413757","https://openalex.org/W2990243046","https://openalex.org/W3012395468","https://openalex.org/W3074952145","https://openalex.org/W3130981058","https://openalex.org/W3136009945","https://openalex.org/W3147559761","https://openalex.org/W3165723632","https://openalex.org/W3176154593","https://openalex.org/W4233280801","https://openalex.org/W4244581014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996056882","https://openalex.org/W2359822351","https://openalex.org/W2991595016","https://openalex.org/W2903174016","https://openalex.org/W2008782529","https://openalex.org/W2329662672","https://openalex.org/W2766238281","https://openalex.org/W2806706062","https://openalex.org/W7052947061","https://openalex.org/W2728051320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crop":[0],"phenology":[1,45,105,291,311],"is":[2,12,19,94],"the":[3,23,39,54,65,97,100,123,130,151,159,164,170,186,192,208,219,230,233,266,290,304,318,339],"process":[4],"of":[5,41,70,102,153,188,191,210,247,269,279,292,308,322,331,341],"crop":[6,26,44,59,104,124,155,310,345],"growth":[7,125,156,161,166,172,189,267],"and":[8,49,77,83,117,137,140,169,183,200,221,245,253,271,273,277,286,306,320,328],"yield":[9],"formation,":[10],"which":[11],"largely":[13],"driven":[14],"by":[15],"climatic":[16],"conditions.":[17],"It":[18],"vital":[20],"to":[21,31,46,63,86,95,106,312,324,336],"investigate":[22,64],"shifts":[24],"in":[25,29,57,67,79,99,144,181,206,213,223,235,260,282,303,316],"phenological":[27,68,135,145],"processes":[28],"response":[30,40,56,85,307,319],"climate":[32,47,55,87,108,313,325,342],"variability.":[33],"Previous":[34],"studies":[35,52],"often":[36],"only":[37],"explored":[38],"a":[42],"single":[43],"change,":[48,326],"lacked":[50],"comparative":[51],"on":[53,256,265,289,344],"different":[58,103,134,154,309],"phenology.":[60],"We":[61,127],"intend":[62],"trends":[66],"change":[69,88,343],"three":[71,131,193,248,293],"typical":[72],"crops":[73,132,194,323,333],"(i.e.,":[74],"maize,":[75],"rice":[76],"soybean)":[78],"Northeast":[80],"China":[81],"(NEC)":[82],"their":[84],"during":[89,122,237],"1981\u20132010.":[90],"Its":[91],"main":[92],"purpose":[93],"reveal":[96],"differences":[98,302],"sensitivity":[101,305],"key":[107],"factors":[109],"[e.g.,":[110,158],"mean":[111],"temperature":[112],"(T),":[113],"accumulated":[114,118],"precipitation":[115],"(AP)":[116],"sunshine":[119],"hours":[120],"(AS)":[121],"period].":[126],"found":[128],"that":[129,150,222,298],"have":[133,241],"changes":[136,259],"varying":[138],"ranges,":[139],"significant":[141,301],"spatial":[142],"heterogeneity":[143],"changes.":[146],"The":[147],"results":[148],"indicated":[149,297],"lengths":[152,187],"stages":[157],"vegetative":[160],"period":[162,167,173,190],"(VGP),":[163],"reproductive":[165],"(RGP)":[168],"whole":[171],"(WGP)]":[174],"were":[175,195],"negatively":[176],"correlated":[177,197],"with":[178,198],"T,":[179,207],"especially":[180],"VGP":[182,244],"WGP.":[184],"However,":[185],"positively":[196],"AP":[199,261],"AS.":[201],"For":[202],"each":[203],"1\u00b0C":[204],"increase":[205],"number":[209],"days":[211],"shortened":[212,243,275],"WGP":[214,246,278],"(about":[215],"5":[216],"days)":[217,228],"was":[218,229],"largest,":[220],"RGP":[224,276],"(less":[225],"than":[226],"2":[227],"smallest.":[231],"Therefore,":[232,315],"increases":[234],"T":[236],"past":[238],"3":[239],"decades":[240],"significantly":[242,274],"crops,":[249],"but":[250],"had":[251],"slight":[252,263],"inconsistent":[254,287],"effects":[255,288],"RGP.":[257],"Moreover,":[258],"has":[262],"impact":[264,340],"periods":[268],"maize":[270],"rice,":[272],"soybean.":[280],"Changes":[281],"AS":[283],"exerted":[284],"important":[285],"crops.":[294],"This":[295],"study":[296],"there":[299],"are":[300,334],"factors.":[314],"evaluating":[317],"adaptation":[321],"comparison":[327],"comprehensive":[329],"analysis":[330],"multiple":[332],"helpful":[335],"deeply":[337],"understand":[338],"production.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}
