{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200345548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","title":"Proposal of a Novel Mooring System Using Three-Bifurcated Mooring Lines for Spar-Type Off-Shore Wind Turbines","display_name":"Proposal of a Novel Mooring System Using Three-Bifurcated Mooring Lines for Spar-Type Off-Shore Wind Turbines","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200345548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14248303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8303/pdf?version=1639052237","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4200345548"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8303/pdf?version=1639052237","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101565648","display_name":"Shi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-3394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-3394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Southern Power Grid Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Southern Power Grid Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103028413","display_name":"Yi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8024-1942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8024-1942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Southern Power Grid Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Southern Power Grid Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100780923","display_name":"Chengyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-4342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-4342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chengyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089616170","display_name":"Yuangang Tu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuangang Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031774310","display_name":"Zhenqing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-334X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-334X","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4922-1392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenqing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-334X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031774310","https://openalex.org/A5100780923"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"fwci":0.373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52369831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"24","first_page":"8303","last_page":"8303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11250","display_name":"Wave and Wind Energy Systems","score":0.8485999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11250","display_name":"Wave and Wind Energy Systems","score":0.8485999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13925","display_name":"Offshore Engineering and Technologies","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-offshore-wind-turbines","display_name":"floating offshore wind turbines","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spar-platform","display_name":"spar platform","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mooring-systems","display_name":"mooring systems","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clump-mass","display_name":"clump mass","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surge-motion","display_name":"surge motion","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yaw-motion","display_name":"yaw motion","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pitch-motion","display_name":"pitching motion","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-induced-motion","display_name":"wave-induced motion","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irregular-waves","display_name":"irregular waves","score":0.7490000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C994952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145637","display_name":"Mooring","level":2,"score":0.9110211133956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374641","display_name":"Spar","level":2,"score":0.8173984289169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.7714023590087891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154108245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287381","display_name":"Surge","level":2,"score":0.6381887793540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.5759124755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5047322511672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152382732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468756","display_name":"Shore","level":2,"score":0.4794296622276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4689834713935852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3644302487373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1315331757068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11724412441253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.06696957349777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.056222230195999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14248303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8303/pdf?version=1639052237","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8303-:d:698706","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8303/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c9d246f772e64f99a21bed2adef7dbb4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c9d246f772e64f99a21bed2adef7dbb4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 14, Iss 24, p 8303 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14248303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248303","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8303/pdf?version=1639052237","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200345548.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93125784","https://openalex.org/W1542786076","https://openalex.org/W2139480182","https://openalex.org/W2467538621","https://openalex.org/W2527598955","https://openalex.org/W2560422987","https://openalex.org/W2767649496","https://openalex.org/W2778625940","https://openalex.org/W2806697758","https://openalex.org/W2883032916","https://openalex.org/W2904758452","https://openalex.org/W2922519899","https://openalex.org/W2934670083","https://openalex.org/W2972239918","https://openalex.org/W2989365055","https://openalex.org/W2997770216","https://openalex.org/W3009098480","https://openalex.org/W3009131514","https://openalex.org/W3011422487","https://openalex.org/W3107016097","https://openalex.org/W3113313987","https://openalex.org/W3115195259","https://openalex.org/W3154429845","https://openalex.org/W3156429315","https://openalex.org/W3160357633","https://openalex.org/W3162991630","https://openalex.org/W3195915831","https://openalex.org/W3196354912","https://openalex.org/W3201327645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200107795","https://openalex.org/W2254814876","https://openalex.org/W4221006760","https://openalex.org/W4366777663","https://openalex.org/W2989641283","https://openalex.org/W2371735427","https://openalex.org/W4410281614","https://openalex.org/W2935754628","https://openalex.org/W2177202801","https://openalex.org/W2802197543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Floating":[0],"wind":[1,14,28,111,177],"turbine":[2,15,112,178],"vibration":[3],"controlling":[4],"becomes":[5],"more":[6,8],"and":[7,89,115,120,145,155,182,187,191,200,205],"important":[9],"with":[10,31],"the":[11,32,45,68,71,80,101,106,128,136,142,158,164,176,196],"increase":[12],"in":[13,79,86,163],"size.":[16],"Thus,":[17],"a":[18,57,95],"novel":[19,46],"three-bifurcated":[20,40,51,143],"mooring":[21,34,38,47,73,82,103,108,129,138,147,160,166,170],"system":[22,35,130,139,171],"is":[23,53,65,98,140],"proposed":[24,81,107,137,169],"for":[25,135],"Spar-type":[26,58],"floating":[27],"turbines.":[29],"Compared":[30],"original":[33],"using":[36,60,70],"three":[37,61],"lines,":[39],"sub-mooring-lines":[41],"are":[42,77,123],"added":[43],"into":[44],"system.":[48,109,167],"Specifically,":[49],"each":[50],"sub-mooring-line":[52,144],"first":[54],"connected":[55,66],"to":[56,67,125],"platform":[59],"fairleads,":[62],"then":[63],"it":[64],"anchor":[69],"main":[72,102,146],"line.":[74],"Six":[75],"fairleads":[76],"involved":[78],"system,":[83],"theoretically":[84],"resulting":[85],"larger":[87],"overturning":[88],"torsional":[90],"stiffness.":[91],"For":[92],"further":[93],"improvement,":[94],"clump":[96],"mass":[97],"attached":[99],"onto":[100],"lines":[104],"of":[105],"The":[110,168],"surge,":[113],"pitch,":[114],"yaw":[116,197],"movements":[117],"under":[118,185,203],"regular":[119,186,204],"irregular":[121,188,206],"waves":[122],"calculated":[124],"quantitatively":[126],"examine":[127],"performances.":[131],"A":[132],"recommended":[133],"configuration":[134],"presented:":[141],"line":[148,161],"lengths":[149],"should":[150],"be":[151],"(0.0166,":[152],"0.0111,":[153],"0.0166)":[154],"0.9723":[156],"times":[157],"total":[159],"length":[162],"traditional":[165],"can":[172,192],"at":[173,193],"most":[174,194],"reduce":[175,195],"surge":[179],"movement":[180,198],"37.15%":[181],"54.5%":[183],"when":[184,202],"waves,":[189,207],"respectively,":[190],"30.1%":[199],"40%":[201],"respectively.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}