{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200322001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","title":"Trait activation in commitment to difficult goals: The role of achievement striving and situational cues","display_name":"Trait activation in commitment to difficult goals: The role of achievement striving and situational cues","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200322001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/apps.12368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/apps.12368","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47864991","display_name":"Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0269-994X","issn":["0269-994X","1464-0597"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/apps.12368","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040126415","display_name":"Eda Aksoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-3713","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-3713"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eda Aksoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-3713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021855703","display_name":"Mahmut Bayaz\u0131t","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-0610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-0610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134235054","display_name":"Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/049asqa32","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmut Bayazit","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-0610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040126415"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9399,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8736297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"4","first_page":"1465","last_page":"1492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.7871000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.7871000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11543","display_name":"Employee Performance and Motivation","score":0.03099999949336052,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14309","display_name":"Employee Performance and Management","score":0.030899999663233757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trait-activation-theory","display_name":"trait activation theory","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/achievement-striving","display_name":"achievement striving","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-commitment","display_name":"goal commitment","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-cues","display_name":"situational cues","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformational-leadership","display_name":"transformational leadership","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reward-expectancy","display_name":"reward expectancy","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-empowerment","display_name":"psychological empowerment","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-difficulty","display_name":"goal difficulty","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-motivation","display_name":"goal motivation","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-by-objectives","display_name":"management by objectives","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-business","display_name":"family business","score":0.5600000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8221616744995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.7019293904304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188353592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q450586","display_name":"Expectancy theory","level":2,"score":0.6975075006484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.6769653558731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6532860994338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.537950336933136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.5157930850982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.4571021795272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84653758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5575175","display_name":"Goal orientation","level":2,"score":0.4354323744773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31670503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18773","display_name":"Trait theory","level":4,"score":0.41297489404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.28501230478286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.21615532040596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/apps.12368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/apps.12368","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47864991","display_name":"Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0269-994X","issn":["0269-994X","1464-0597"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.sabanciuniv.edu:43951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/43951/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402254","display_name":"Sabanci University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134235054","host_organization_name":"Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.sabanciuniv.edu:47767","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/47767/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402254","display_name":"Sabanci University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134235054","host_organization_name":"Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cdm21054.contentdm.oclc.org:IR/10578","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401341","display_name":"Digital Collections portal (Ko\u00e7 University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","host_organization_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/apps.12368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12368","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/apps.12368","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47864991","display_name":"Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0269-994X","issn":["0269-994X","1464-0597"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200322001.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200322001.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W307771360","https://openalex.org/W624435403","https://openalex.org/W1489012039","https://openalex.org/W1509479430","https://openalex.org/W1619481521","https://openalex.org/W1912555712","https://openalex.org/W1967015103","https://openalex.org/W1967859498","https://openalex.org/W1981150624","https://openalex.org/W1985322738","https://openalex.org/W1998269942","https://openalex.org/W2003481039","https://openalex.org/W2007536643","https://openalex.org/W2013811491","https://openalex.org/W2014114421","https://openalex.org/W2014206180","https://openalex.org/W2017390709","https://openalex.org/W2018744697","https://openalex.org/W2021614308","https://openalex.org/W2029431022","https://openalex.org/W2034249128","https://openalex.org/W2035006202","https://openalex.org/W2037009836","https://openalex.org/W2039113738","https://openalex.org/W2039151696","https://openalex.org/W2040454190","https://openalex.org/W2041204043","https://openalex.org/W2042623444","https://openalex.org/W2049929313","https://openalex.org/W2051543099","https://openalex.org/W2053388279","https://openalex.org/W2053486258","https://openalex.org/W2054976315","https://openalex.org/W2056616362","https://openalex.org/W2057683809","https://openalex.org/W2061970090","https://openalex.org/W2062249022","https://openalex.org/W2064862290","https://openalex.org/W2066559452","https://openalex.org/W2067547685","https://openalex.org/W2075624103","https://openalex.org/W2079321272","https://openalex.org/W2080887900","https://openalex.org/W2084389751","https://openalex.org/W2084740378","https://openalex.org/W2086840608","https://openalex.org/W2100226463","https://openalex.org/W2104137142","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2109061475","https://openalex.org/W2112779005","https://openalex.org/W2117573742","https://openalex.org/W2122517769","https://openalex.org/W2124087310","https://openalex.org/W2130091537","https://openalex.org/W2139163235","https://openalex.org/W2140632413","https://openalex.org/W2141125801","https://openalex.org/W2141922018","https://openalex.org/W2142988015","https://openalex.org/W2144898234","https://openalex.org/W2145076773","https://openalex.org/W2152092772","https://openalex.org/W2155261518","https://openalex.org/W2156020547","https://openalex.org/W2158013270","https://openalex.org/W2160046608","https://openalex.org/W2161537835","https://openalex.org/W2235116352","https://openalex.org/W2330114020","https://openalex.org/W2487612147","https://openalex.org/W2548645325","https://openalex.org/W2736292641","https://openalex.org/W2740910338","https://openalex.org/W2794923145","https://openalex.org/W2885259975","https://openalex.org/W2902084492","https://openalex.org/W2903015890","https://openalex.org/W2904352320","https://openalex.org/W2965198327","https://openalex.org/W3119494849","https://openalex.org/W4205712047","https://openalex.org/W4211102708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965848635","https://openalex.org/W2788075623","https://openalex.org/W1546630076","https://openalex.org/W2054065158","https://openalex.org/W4320010970","https://openalex.org/W2049509131","https://openalex.org/W2011635413","https://openalex.org/W2335245033","https://openalex.org/W2007536643","https://openalex.org/W2808978926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,161],"current":[2],"study":[3],"utilized":[4],"trait":[5,48,71],"activation":[6],"theory":[7],"(TAT)":[8],"(Tett":[9],"&":[10],"Burnett,":[11],"2003;":[12],"Tett":[13],"et":[14],"al.,":[15],"2013)":[16],"to":[17,53,111,143,168,193],"explain":[18],"how":[19],"the":[20,51,61,114,152,174,186,189],"salience":[21],"of":[22,63,176],"goal\u2010relevant":[23],"performance\u2010oriented":[24,136],"social":[25],"(i.e.,":[26,37],"manager's":[27],"transformational":[28],"leadership":[29],"and":[30,34,49,96,119,178],"peer":[31],"performance":[32],"norms)":[33],"organizational":[35],"cues":[36,65,118,138],"reward":[38],"expectancy)":[39],"release":[40],"or":[41],"constrain":[42],"employees'":[43],"achievement":[44],"striving":[45],"(AS)":[46],"personality":[47],"regulate":[50],"commitment":[52,121,145,167],"assigned":[54],"difficult":[55,169],"work":[56],"goals.":[57],"We":[58],"also":[59,163],"examined":[60],"effects":[62],"discretionary":[64],"(signified":[66],"by":[67],"psychological":[68,171],"empowerment)":[69],"as":[70],"activators.":[72],"Hypotheses":[73],"were":[74,109,122,139,154],"tested":[75],"using":[76,97],"survey":[77],"data":[78],"collected":[79],"from":[80],"297":[81],"managers":[82],"employed":[83],"in":[84,181],"six":[85],"large":[86,91],"firms":[87],"operating":[88],"under":[89],"a":[90,98,182],"Turkish":[92],"family":[93],"business":[94],"group":[95],"common":[99],"management\u2010by\u2010objectives":[100],"system.":[101],"In":[102],"line":[103],"with":[104,126,148,158],"our":[105],"predictions,":[106],"when":[107],"goals":[108],"perceived":[110],"be":[112],"difficult,":[113],"associations":[115],"between":[116],"situational":[117,137],"goal":[120,132,144,194],"inverse":[123],"for":[124,146,156,166],"employees":[125,147],"high":[127,149,177],"versus":[128],"low":[129,159,179],"AS.":[130,160],"When":[131],"difficulty":[133],"was":[134],"high,":[135],"generally":[140],"positively":[141],"related":[142],"AS,":[150],"but":[151],"relationships":[153],"negative":[155],"those":[157],"results":[162],"showed":[164],"that,":[165],"goals,":[170],"empowerment":[172],"activated":[173],"expression":[175],"AS":[180],"similar":[183],"manner.":[184],"Overall,":[185],"findings":[187],"challenge":[188],"prevailing":[190],"universalistic":[191],"approaches":[192],"motivation.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}