{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200316004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","title":"Effect of Curing Methods on the Compressive Strengths of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete","display_name":"Effect of Curing Methods on the Compressive Strengths of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200316004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.13189/cea.2021.090716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","pdf_url":"http://www.hrpub.org/download/20211130/CEA16-14823403.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186571","display_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","issn_l":"2332-1091","issn":["2332-1091","2332-1121"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324001558","host_organization_name":"Horizon Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324001558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Horizon Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.hrpub.org/download/20211130/CEA16-14823403.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084164400","display_name":"S. O. Odeyemi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Odeyemi S. O.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051231840","display_name":"Rasheed Abdulwahab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-2019","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-2019"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulwahab R.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060181072","display_name":"Mukaila Abiola Anifowose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3459-0697","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3459-0697"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anifowose M. A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066288272","display_name":"Olumoyewa Dotun Atoyebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-3179","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-3179"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atoyebi O. D.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1584,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75665529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"2286","last_page":"2291"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.3212999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.3212999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12152","display_name":"Concrete Properties and Behavior","score":0.2754000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.11379999667406082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concrete-curing","display_name":"concrete curing","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion-curing","display_name":"immersion curing","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-curing","display_name":"water curing","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-hydration","display_name":"cement hydration","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cement-ratio","display_name":"water-cement ratio","score":0.7820000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777021569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7128104","display_name":"Palm kernel","level":3,"score":0.7643312215805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132976073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991861","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7636096477508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.6516952514648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94598645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2347874","display_name":"Palm","level":2,"score":0.5742185115814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5258201360702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5256767868995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2230313","display_name":"Shell (structure)","level":2,"score":0.515019416809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.49371013045310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3199373483657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988237154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231458","display_name":"Palm oil","level":2,"score":0.28854578733444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.16884878277778625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07550263404846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.13189/cea.2021.090716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","pdf_url":"http://www.hrpub.org/download/20211130/CEA16-14823403.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186571","display_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","issn_l":"2332-1091","issn":["2332-1091","2332-1121"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324001558","host_organization_name":"Horizon Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324001558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Horizon Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lmu.edu.ng:5394","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.lmu.edu.ng/5394/1/44.%20Effect%20of%20Curing%20Methods%20on%20the%20Compressive%20Strengths%20of%20PKS%20Concrete.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.lmu.edu.ng/5394/1/44.%20Effect%20of%20Curing%20Methods%20on%20the%20Compressive%20Strengths%20of%20PKS%20Concrete.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401652","display_name":"Landmark University Repository (Landmark University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I304664074","host_organization_name":"Landmark University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.13189/cea.2021.090716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090716","pdf_url":"http://www.hrpub.org/download/20211130/CEA16-14823403.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186571","display_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","issn_l":"2332-1091","issn":["2332-1091","2332-1121"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324001558","host_organization_name":"Horizon Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324001558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Horizon Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Civil Engineering and Architecture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200316004.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200316004.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574815534","https://openalex.org/W2132314039","https://openalex.org/W2159902868","https://openalex.org/W2893156305","https://openalex.org/W2939302408","https://openalex.org/W2964047211","https://openalex.org/W2982274366","https://openalex.org/W3001968838","https://openalex.org/W3005271643","https://openalex.org/W3013165335","https://openalex.org/W3013552791","https://openalex.org/W3017296628","https://openalex.org/W3021166820","https://openalex.org/W3034583734","https://openalex.org/W3038453283","https://openalex.org/W3094031331","https://openalex.org/W3149610572","https://openalex.org/W3151312750","https://openalex.org/W4238894016","https://openalex.org/W4289792075","https://openalex.org/W4401192810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366970374","https://openalex.org/W2149285046","https://openalex.org/W3185020163","https://openalex.org/W4238894016","https://openalex.org/W3159587929","https://openalex.org/W2009933312","https://openalex.org/W2577596389","https://openalex.org/W4225905191","https://openalex.org/W1867822675","https://openalex.org/W3193918986"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Appropriate":[0],"curing":[1,62,131,154,169,188],"of":[2,27,33,35,54,57,61,67,79,88,121,130,143,153,164,173],"concrete":[3,15,38,44,68,105],"is":[4,22,45],"necessary":[5],"to":[6,17],"obtain":[7],"maximum":[8],"durability":[9],"and":[10,31,102,118,167,181],"achieve":[11],"designed":[12],"strength":[13,66,136,163,172],"for":[14,109,187],"exposed":[16],"different":[18,59,97],"environmental":[19],"conditions.":[20],"Curing":[21],"regarded":[23],"as":[24],"the":[25,29,40,43,55,64,133,150],"means":[26],"regulating":[28],"degree":[30],"extent":[32],"loss":[34],"moisture":[36],"from":[37],"when":[39],"cement":[41],"in":[42],"undergoing":[46],"hydration.":[47],"This":[48,146],"study":[49,53],"made":[50],"a":[51,141,161],"comparative":[52],"consequence":[56],"adopting":[58],"methods":[60,183,186],"on":[63],"compressive":[65,111,135,162,171],"modified":[69],"with":[70,85,140,155],"Palm":[71],"Kernel":[72],"Shell":[73],"(PKS)":[74],"aggregate.":[75],"Concrete":[76],"cube":[77],"specimens":[78,91],"mix":[80],"ratio":[81,87],"1:1:2":[82],"were":[83,92,107],"cast":[84],"water-cement":[86],"0.55.":[89],"The":[90,104,123],"cured":[93],"using":[94],"four":[95],"(4)":[96],"procedures:":[98],"immersion,":[99],"sprinkling,":[100],"wet-curing":[101],"open-air.":[103],"samples":[106],"tested":[108],"their":[110],"strengths":[112],"at":[113,137],"ages":[114],"7,":[115],"14,":[116],"21":[117],"28":[119,138],"days":[120,139],"curing.":[122],"results":[124],"obtained":[125],"show":[126],"that":[127,179],"immersion":[128,180],"method":[129,152,159],"has":[132,160,170],"highest":[134],"value":[142],"17.07":[144],"N/mm2.":[145,157,175],"was":[147,177],"followed":[148],"by":[149],"sprinkling":[151,182],"15.78":[156],"Wet-curing":[158],"14.48":[165],"N/mm2":[166],"open-air":[168],"13.11":[174],"It":[176],"concluded":[178],"are":[184],"suitable":[185],"PKS":[189],"concrete.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
