{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200313014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","title":"No Local Birth Sex Ratio Changes following the August 2019 Shootings in Montgomery County, Ohio, and in El Paso County, Texas","display_name":"No Local Birth Sex Ratio Changes following the August 2019 Shootings in Montgomery County, Ohio, and in El Paso County, Texas","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200313014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34875654","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9001977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000521338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","pdf_url":"https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/521338","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54128167","display_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","issn_l":"1011-7571","issn":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/521338","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022557761","display_name":"Victor Grech","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-0478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-0478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Grech","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical School, University of Malta, Malta, Montana, USA","Medical School, University of Malta, Malta, MT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-0478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical School, University of Malta, Malta, Montana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical School, University of Malta, Malta, MT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056736247","display_name":"Hagen Scherb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-5619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-5619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hagen Scherb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8193,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93113117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"83","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.9531000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.9531000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10453","display_name":"Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-ratio-at-birth","display_name":"sex ratio at birth","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-shootings","display_name":"mass shootings","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trivers-willard-hypothesis","display_name":"Trivers-Willard hypothesis","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonality-of-birth","display_name":"birth seasonality","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/live-birth","display_name":"live birth","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorist-attacks","display_name":"terrorist attacks","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/montgomery-county-ohio","display_name":"Montgomery County, Ohio","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/el-paso-county-texas","display_name":"El Paso County, Texas","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.7882963418960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6231443881988525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.6200329065322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.6150535345077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57520943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068155","display_name":"Sex ratio","level":3,"score":0.4611826539039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.4540163278579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.43880799412727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.20044714212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.19915416836738586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078402","descriptor_name":"Gun Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009820","descriptor_name":"Ohio","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012744","descriptor_name":"Sex Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013781","descriptor_name":"Texas","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000521338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","pdf_url":"https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/521338","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54128167","display_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","issn_l":"1011-7571","issn":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9001977","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9001977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Princ Pract","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34875654","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34875654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:frl.publisso.de:frl:6440859","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9001977","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9001977/pdf/mpp-0031-0083.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402606","display_name":"Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210112663","host_organization_name":"ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112663"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Medical principles and practice, 31(1):83-87","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenartikel"},{"id":"pmh:oai:push-zb.helmholtz-munich.de:64612","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-munich.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=64612","pdf_url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-munich.de/deliver.php?id=32420","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055352","display_name":"PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med. Princ. Pract. 31, 83-87 (2022)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de:64612","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=64612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196115","display_name":"Site cant be reached","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med. Princ. Pract. 31, 83-87 (2022)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000521338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521338","pdf_url":"https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/521338","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54128167","display_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","issn_l":"1011-7571","issn":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Principles and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6207000017166138}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200313014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200313014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W950587465","https://openalex.org/W1837998576","https://openalex.org/W1967286984","https://openalex.org/W1988046897","https://openalex.org/W1997938647","https://openalex.org/W2038858398","https://openalex.org/W2044772422","https://openalex.org/W2092227102","https://openalex.org/W2103005644","https://openalex.org/W2105634157","https://openalex.org/W2114545192","https://openalex.org/W2125725701","https://openalex.org/W2130062687","https://openalex.org/W2142798051","https://openalex.org/W2168867638","https://openalex.org/W2396682042","https://openalex.org/W2471260381","https://openalex.org/W2761560318","https://openalex.org/W2789705882","https://openalex.org/W2971485280","https://openalex.org/W2971791425","https://openalex.org/W3005131450","https://openalex.org/W3019590546","https://openalex.org/W3115830825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2750079655","https://openalex.org/W3005131450","https://openalex.org/W1988046897","https://openalex.org/W2165716135","https://openalex.org/W2761560318","https://openalex.org/W2316580174","https://openalex.org/W3010348347","https://openalex.org/W7039833696","https://openalex.org/W2165604836","https://openalex.org/W7098922505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"In":[1],"humans,":[2],"males":[3],"are":[4],"born":[5],"slightly":[6],"in":[7,30,34,38,44,49,57,120,129,155,163,188,196,211,217],"excess":[8],"of":[9,87,101,123],"females.":[10],"Many":[11],"factors":[12],"have":[13,204],"been":[14,182],"shown":[15],"to":[16,59,115,126,232,248],"affect":[17],"this":[18,221],"ratio,":[19],"including":[20,235],"stressful":[21,192],"events":[22],"such":[23,226],"as":[24,216],"terrorist":[25,209],"attacks.":[26],"Two":[27],"shootings":[28],"occurred":[29],"early":[31],"August":[32],"2019":[33],"the":[35,50,72,99,102,117,121,130,176,199,212,239],"Oregon":[36],"District":[37],"Dayton,":[39],"Montgomery":[40],"County,":[41,47],"Ohio,":[42],"and":[43,90,96,107,125,137,161,238],"El":[45],"Paso":[46],"Texas,":[48],"USA.":[51],"This":[52,148,228],"study":[53,149,222],"was":[54,113,145,172],"carried":[55],"out":[56],"order":[58],"identify":[60],"whether":[61],"there":[62],"were":[63,92],"any":[64],"effects":[65,207],"on":[66],"sex":[67],"ratio":[68],"at":[69,71,175],"birth":[70,88],"state":[73,177],"or":[74],"county":[75,91],"level":[76],"3-5":[77],"months":[78],"later.":[79],"SUBJECT":[80],"AND":[81],"METHODS:":[82],"Births":[83],"by":[84],"sex,":[85],"month":[86],"(2015-2019),":[89],"obtained":[93],"for":[94,104],"Ohio":[95,164],"Texas":[97,156],"from":[98],"website":[100],"Centers":[103],"Disease":[105],"Control":[106],"Prevention.":[108],"Ordinary":[109],"linear":[110,138],"logistic":[111,139],"regression":[112,134,140],"used":[114],"assess":[116],"time":[118],"trend":[119,131],"probability":[122],"boys":[124],"investigate":[127],"changes":[128],"functions.":[132],"Poisson":[133],"(SAS":[135],"GENMOD)":[136],"using":[141],"SAS":[142],"procedure":[143],"LOGISTIC":[144],"applied.":[146],"RESULTS:":[147],"analyzed":[150],"2,623,714":[151],"live":[152],"births,":[153],"1,939,938":[154],"(sex":[157],"odds":[158],"[SO]":[159],"1.044)":[160],"683,776":[162],"(SO":[165],"1.045).":[166],"The":[167],"only":[168],"significant":[169,206],"effect":[170],"noted":[171],"seasonality":[173],"(month)":[174],"level.":[178],"CONCLUSION:":[179],"It":[180],"has":[181],"postulated":[183],"that":[184,241],"male":[185],"fetal":[186],"loss":[187],"pregnant":[189],"women":[190],"during":[191],"periods":[193],"may":[194,229,243],"occur":[195],"accordance":[197],"with":[198],"Trivers-Willard":[200],"hypothesis.":[201],"Several":[202],"studies":[203],"found":[205],"after":[208],"attacks":[210],"USA":[213],"(as":[214],"well":[215],"other":[218],"countries),":[219],"but":[220],"did":[223],"not":[224],"reveal":[225],"effects.":[227],"be":[230,244],"due":[231],"several":[233],"reasons":[234],"underpowered":[236],"datasets":[237],"possibility":[240],"populations":[242],"becoming":[245],"relatively":[246],"immured":[247],"these":[249],"events.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}