{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200215753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","title":"Increasing the LED Bias Point of an OFDM-based VLC System through Multi-objective Optimization","display_name":"Increasing the LED Bias Point of an OFDM-based VLC System through Multi-objective Optimization","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200215753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608620","display_name":"SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088227569","display_name":"Wesley Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5408-4383","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5408-4383"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesley Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003598381","display_name":"Higor Camporez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-8588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-8588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Higor Camporez","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102829398","display_name":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Pontes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2162-3015","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2162-3015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Pontes","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083921350","display_name":"Marcelo E. V. Segatto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-992X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-992X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcelo Segatto","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028470700","display_name":"H\u00e9lder R. O. Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-664X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-664X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helder Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027930672","display_name":"Jair A. L. Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-184X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-184X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jair Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LabTel, Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075821999","display_name":"Malte Hinrichs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-2861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-2861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malte Hinrichs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046753401","display_name":"A. Paraskevopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-6277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-6277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anagnostis Paraskevopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054929239","display_name":"Volker Jungnickel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-5213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-5213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Jungnickel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053776864","display_name":"Ronald E. Freund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-3437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-3437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Freund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6977,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90076592,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"visible light communication","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ofdm","display_name":"OFDM","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"multi-objective optimization","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nsga-ii","display_name":"NSGA-II","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermodulation-distortion","display_name":"intermodulation distortion","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guard-band","display_name":"guard band","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"spectral efficiency","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-power","display_name":"optical power","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/4-qam","display_name":"4-QAM","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/16-qam","display_name":"16-QAM","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"bit error rate","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.8127744793891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7056664228439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11773624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142232","display_name":"Intermodulation","level":4,"score":0.6783144474029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5988060235977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5322223901748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4921714663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49154791235923767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4468565285205841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44674643874168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.4444029927253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.42200303077697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36119312047958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34073537588119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3353787064552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2333417534828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16386350989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.09035816788673401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imoc53012.2021.9624905","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608620","display_name":"SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/504761","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/504761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1934411289","https://openalex.org/W2069381140","https://openalex.org/W2100303002","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2131189059","https://openalex.org/W2132453830","https://openalex.org/W2540162506","https://openalex.org/W2735911815","https://openalex.org/W2914219756","https://openalex.org/W3101674493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377825074","https://openalex.org/W2753007068","https://openalex.org/W2778238806","https://openalex.org/W2782741872","https://openalex.org/W2582940211","https://openalex.org/W2364155833","https://openalex.org/W3216284194","https://openalex.org/W2084051640","https://openalex.org/W2893445984","https://openalex.org/W2064124378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100],"inherent":[1],"nonlinearity":[2],"introduced":[3],"by":[4],"light-emitting":[5],"diodes":[6],"(LEDs)":[7],"in":[8],"visible":[9],"light":[10],"communication":[11],"challenges":[12],"the":[13,37,43,49,56,69,82,109,114],"parametrization":[14],"of":[15,63,78,81],"orthogonal":[16],"frequency":[17],"division":[18],"multiplexing-based":[19],"systems.":[20],"A":[21,76],"multi-objective":[22],"optimization":[23],"procedure,":[24],"based":[25],"on":[26],"a":[27,61],"non-dominated":[28],"sorting":[29],"genetic":[30],"algorithm":[31],"II,":[32],"is":[33,84],"presented":[34],"to":[35,73],"increases":[36,48,112],"LED":[38,115],"bias":[39,110,116],"and":[40,47,91,96,107],"therefore,":[41],"maximize":[42],"transmitted":[44],"optical":[45],"power":[46],"spectral":[50],"efficiency.":[51],"Simulation":[52],"results":[53],"show":[54],"that":[55,118],"signal-to-noise":[57],"ratio":[58],"(SNR)":[59],"for":[60,94,103],"bit-error-rate":[62],"1":[64,79],"\u00d7":[65],"10\u22123":[66],"decreases":[67],"with":[68,86,113],"guard":[70],"band":[71],"due":[72],"intermodulation":[74],"distortions.":[75],"guard-band":[77],"%":[80],"bandwidth":[83],"achieved":[85],"an":[87],"SNR":[88,101],"\u2248":[89],"14":[90],"18":[92],"dB,":[93],"4-QAM":[95],"16-QAM":[97],"mappings,":[98],"respectively.":[99],"penalty":[102],"fixed":[104],"optimized":[105],"parameters,":[106],"varying":[108],"current,":[111],"points":[117],"reach":[119],"its":[120],"non-linear":[121],"region.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}