{"id":"https://openalex.org/W41813781","doi":null,"title":"Absolute Absorption and Dispersion in a Thermal Rb Vapour at High Densities and High Magnetic Fields.","display_name":"Absolute Absorption and Dispersion in a Thermal Rb Vapour at High Densities and High Magnetic Fields.","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W41813781","mag":"41813781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.durham.ac.uk:7747","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037720493","display_name":"Lee Weller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7259"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lee Weller","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7259","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037720493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10523","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"dispersion","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field-effects","display_name":"magnetic field effects","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voigt-profile","display_name":"Voigt profile","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/susceptibility","display_name":"susceptibility","score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-dipole-interaction","display_name":"dipole-dipole interaction","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stokes-parameters","display_name":"Stokes parameters","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-isolator","display_name":"optical isolator","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-up-conversion","display_name":"frequency up-conversion","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-transfer","display_name":"energy transfer","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-pooling","display_name":"energy pooling","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.631274938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181500209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215328","display_name":"Excited state","level":2,"score":0.5261694192886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.5148652791976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83581075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361503","display_name":"Excitation","level":2,"score":0.48241981863975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4752602279186249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.47428804636001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131538251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413102","display_name":"Hyperfine structure","level":2,"score":0.42426010966300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36653995513916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41999313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328","display_name":"Molecular physics","level":1,"score":0.3545328378677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08401188254356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.durham.ac.uk:7747","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.dur.ac.uk:7747","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/","pdf_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:41813781","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.dur.ac.uk:7747","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/","pdf_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7747/1/LeeWellerTHESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W41813781.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W41813781.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":115,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180287672","https://openalex.org/W589339199","https://openalex.org/W606553444","https://openalex.org/W1479923323","https://openalex.org/W1497256455","https://openalex.org/W1527631700","https://openalex.org/W1533883395","https://openalex.org/W1553874013","https://openalex.org/W1608290029","https://openalex.org/W1620167317","https://openalex.org/W1640911134","https://openalex.org/W1647151594","https://openalex.org/W1963485659","https://openalex.org/W1963677566","https://openalex.org/W1964239299","https://openalex.org/W1965175422","https://openalex.org/W1965548823","https://openalex.org/W1965695979","https://openalex.org/W1966940108","https://openalex.org/W1968947587","https://openalex.org/W1973337266","https://openalex.org/W1974131296","https://openalex.org/W1980342044","https://openalex.org/W1982693241","https://openalex.org/W1982850308","https://openalex.org/W1983172993","https://openalex.org/W1988218932","https://openalex.org/W1989098365","https://openalex.org/W1990314046","https://openalex.org/W1990560229","https://openalex.org/W1993397673","https://openalex.org/W2000246914","https://openalex.org/W2000671533","https://openalex.org/W2001908972","https://openalex.org/W2002311708","https://openalex.org/W2002452161","https://openalex.org/W2003497988","https://openalex.org/W2008091258","https://openalex.org/W2008359234","https://openalex.org/W2010676450","https://openalex.org/W2012424600","https://openalex.org/W2013083754","https://openalex.org/W2014715380","https://openalex.org/W2015361431","https://openalex.org/W2017154611","https://openalex.org/W2020704516","https://openalex.org/W2025106248","https://openalex.org/W2025829697","https://openalex.org/W2027322145","https://openalex.org/W2028431236","https://openalex.org/W2029618731","https://openalex.org/W2030861529","https://openalex.org/W2032161132","https://openalex.org/W2034964191","https://openalex.org/W2037951267","https://openalex.org/W2039779313","https://openalex.org/W2042280984","https://openalex.org/W2043754137","https://openalex.org/W2045248525","https://openalex.org/W2045983270","https://openalex.org/W2047416050","https://openalex.org/W2047756798","https://openalex.org/W2049196198","https://openalex.org/W2049322291","https://openalex.org/W2049662983","https://openalex.org/W2056172469","https://openalex.org/W2057745288","https://openalex.org/W2058166017","https://openalex.org/W2059318599","https://openalex.org/W2059918424","https://openalex.org/W2065770507","https://openalex.org/W2068895447","https://openalex.org/W2072219118","https://openalex.org/W2072702630","https://openalex.org/W2073575395","https://openalex.org/W2079463010","https://openalex.org/W2080016883","https://openalex.org/W2086169175","https://openalex.org/W2086633179","https://openalex.org/W2090165593","https://openalex.org/W2090187340","https://openalex.org/W2095668864","https://openalex.org/W2096876327","https://openalex.org/W2099645745","https://openalex.org/W2107641573","https://openalex.org/W2122789651","https://openalex.org/W2129606687","https://openalex.org/W2130416559","https://openalex.org/W2132764286","https://openalex.org/W2132905138","https://openalex.org/W2137180907","https://openalex.org/W2138873615","https://openalex.org/W2139126750","https://openalex.org/W2139194722","https://openalex.org/W2142664764","https://openalex.org/W2162488624","https://openalex.org/W2163142987","https://openalex.org/W2167136240","https://openalex.org/W2167680362","https://openalex.org/W2219896997","https://openalex.org/W2236995982","https://openalex.org/W2325273447","https://openalex.org/W2474225541","https://openalex.org/W2520436416","https://openalex.org/W2766839228","https://openalex.org/W2933162450","https://openalex.org/W3004350485","https://openalex.org/W3006606145","https://openalex.org/W3015861873","https://openalex.org/W3101520232","https://openalex.org/W3103746952","https://openalex.org/W3105360080","https://openalex.org/W3106485467","https://openalex.org/W3162046119","https://openalex.org/W7103270622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141478987","https://openalex.org/W2080913925","https://openalex.org/W3106485467","https://openalex.org/W2138873615","https://openalex.org/W4391367357","https://openalex.org/W4297796406","https://openalex.org/W2783878704","https://openalex.org/W55670058","https://openalex.org/W2504402350","https://openalex.org/W2016530693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"thesis":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,22,50,89,92,116,168,191,266],"comparative":[4],"study":[5],"of":[6,16,31,53,83,94,122,132,145,154,164,204],"the":[7,17,27,42,54,58,65,72,95,109,119,129,146,152,161,180,185,201,217,226,230,245,269,274],"measured":[8],"and":[9,13,29,75,97,148,207,232],"calculated":[10],"absolute":[11],"absorption":[12,215],"dispersion":[14,209],"properties":[15],"Rb":[18,63,186,218],"D":[19,187,219],"lines":[20],"through":[21,167],"dense":[23,113,169],"thermal":[24,114,170],"vapour":[25],"in":[26,41,64,143,225,252],"absence":[28],"presence":[30,153],"an":[32,155,197],"applied":[33,156],"magnetic":[34,59,157],"field.":[35],"A":[36],"detailed":[37],"theoretical":[38],"model":[39,48],"valid":[40],"weak-probe":[43],"regime":[44,183],"is":[45,86,103,223],"calculated.":[46,80],"The":[47,81,100],"uses":[49],"matrix":[51],"representation":[52],"atomic":[55,198],"Hamiltonian":[56],"including":[57],"field":[60,158],"interaction":[61],"for":[62,236,268],"completely":[66],"uncoupled":[67],"basis.":[68],"Numerical":[69],"diagonalisation":[70],"allows":[71],"frequency":[73],"detunings":[74],"transition":[76,85],"strengths":[77],"to":[78,118,136,244,265],"be":[79],"lineshape":[82],"each":[84,123],"modelled":[87],"as":[88],"Voigt":[90],"profile,":[91],"convolution":[93],"inhomogeneous":[96],"homogeneous":[98,120],"profiles.":[99],"medium\u2019s":[101],"susceptibility":[102],"found":[104],"by":[105],"summing":[106],"over":[107,229],"all":[108],"electric-dipole-allowed":[110],"transitions.":[111],"For":[112,172],"vapours":[115],"modification":[117],"linewidth":[121],"transition,":[124],"which":[125],"grows":[126],"linearly":[127],"with":[128,277],"number":[130,279],"density":[131,240],"atoms,":[133],"arises":[134,242],"due":[135,243],"resonant":[137,260],"dipole-dipole":[138,261],"interactions":[139,262],"between":[140,248],"identical":[141,250],"atoms":[142,251],"superpositions":[144],"ground":[147],"excited":[149,255],"terms.":[150,256],"In":[151],"we":[159,178,211],"investigate":[160],"Stokes":[162],"parameters":[163],"light":[165],"propagating":[166],"vapour.":[171],"fields":[173],"larger":[174],"than":[175],"0.33":[176],"T":[177],"enter":[179],"hyperfine":[181],"Paschen-Back":[182],"on":[184,196,216],"lines.":[188,220],"We":[189,272],"present":[190],"compact":[192],"optical":[193],"isolator":[194],"based":[195],"vapour,":[199],"exploiting":[200],"spectral":[202],"region":[203],"high":[205,258],"transmission":[206],"large":[208],"where":[210],"would":[212],"normally":[213],"expect":[214],"Frequency":[221],"up-conversion":[222],"shown":[224],"fluorescence":[227],"measurements":[228],"visible":[231],"near":[233],"infra-red":[234],"regions":[235],"strong":[237],"excitation.":[238],"Low":[239],"transfer":[241],"energy-pooling":[246],"effect":[247],"two":[249],"their":[253],"first":[254],"At":[257],"densities":[259],"give":[263],"rise":[264],"threshold":[267,275],"energy":[270],"transfer.":[271],"characterise":[273],"behaviour":[276],"increasing":[278],"density.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}