{"id":"https://openalex.org/W40577044","doi":null,"title":"Epinephrine effects on major cell types of the aqueous outflow pathway: in vitro studies/clinical implications.","display_name":"Epinephrine effects on major cell types of the aqueous outflow pathway: in vitro studies/clinical implications.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W40577044","mag":"40577044","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1982749","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1298591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1298591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1298591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1298591","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062409605","display_name":"Jorge A. Alvarado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-361X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-361X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J A Alvarado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083625088","display_name":"Linda Franse-Carman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Franse-Carman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057879523","display_name":"G. B. McHolm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G McHolm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112196946","display_name":"Collin G. Murphy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1535,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7357249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"88","issue":null,"first_page":"267","last_page":"82; discussion 283"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13467","display_name":"Drug-Induced Ocular Toxicity","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10724","display_name":"Ion Transport and Channel Regulation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epinephrine","display_name":"epinephrine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aqueous-humor-outflow","display_name":"aqueous humor outflow","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trabecular-meshwork-cells","display_name":"trabecular meshwork cells","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schlemm-s-canal-endothelial-cells","display_name":"Schlemm's canal endothelial cells","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraocular-pressure","display_name":"intraocular pressure","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta2-adrenergic-receptor","display_name":"beta2-adrenergic receptor","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camp","display_name":"cyclic AMP","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timolol","display_name":"timolol","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betaxolol","display_name":"betaxolol","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathomimetic-drugs","display_name":"sympathomimetic drugs","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma-treatment","display_name":"glaucoma treatment","score":0.7639999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779938033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q794162","display_name":"Betaxolol","level":4,"score":0.8828554153442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.6815156936645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.6139729619026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132621","display_name":"Epinephrine","level":2,"score":0.6038177609443665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40465926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410568","display_name":"Adrenergic receptor","level":3,"score":0.5742101073265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778073030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413994","display_name":"Timolol","level":3,"score":0.569951057434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5335545539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.5245751738548279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245204","display_name":"Antagonist","level":3,"score":0.4952637255191803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.47824469208717346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781092963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650050","display_name":"Intraocular pressure","level":2,"score":0.47508493065834045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909341992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816759","display_name":"Adrenergic beta-Antagonists","level":3,"score":0.41808170080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.41029563546180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3984992504119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.33489060401916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778151854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423364","display_name":"Propranolol","level":2,"score":0.3214011490345001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2902522683143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2334405481815338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.1367330551147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.12674272060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000242","descriptor_name":"Cyclic AMP","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000318","descriptor_name":"Adrenergic beta-Agonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000319","descriptor_name":"Adrenergic beta-Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001082","descriptor_name":"Aqueous Humor","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004729","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Lymphatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004729","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Lymphatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004837","descriptor_name":"Epinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010477","descriptor_name":"Perfusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014129","descriptor_name":"Trabecular Meshwork","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014129","descriptor_name":"Trabecular Meshwork","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1298591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1298591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:1982749","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1982749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:40577044","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1982749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1298591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1298591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6499999761581421}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2259378469","display_name":"PATHOGENESIS OF PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA","funder_award_id":"5r01ey002068-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9373301","https://openalex.org/W23921901","https://openalex.org/W43948830","https://openalex.org/W66851063","https://openalex.org/W71942515","https://openalex.org/W86817588","https://openalex.org/W161978718","https://openalex.org/W185101097","https://openalex.org/W196236791","https://openalex.org/W1965183110","https://openalex.org/W1982589370","https://openalex.org/W1992321518","https://openalex.org/W2001625727","https://openalex.org/W2032099355","https://openalex.org/W2071927661","https://openalex.org/W2072365851","https://openalex.org/W2079685444","https://openalex.org/W2151464094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W148123987","https://openalex.org/W37184569","https://openalex.org/W4319778044","https://openalex.org/W159960527","https://openalex.org/W2079685444","https://openalex.org/W1591781245","https://openalex.org/W2034279723","https://openalex.org/W1967991405","https://openalex.org/W2151464094","https://openalex.org/W2115429460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"investigated":[2],"the":[3,11,17,49,64,86,156,160,175,184,191,217],"possibility":[4],"that":[5,155,216],"direct":[6],"cellular":[7,157],"effects":[8],"may":[9,222],"mediate":[10],"action":[12],"of":[13,48,63,92,129,194,206],"EPI":[14,69,102,195],"to":[15,40,66,75,101,109,225],"lower":[16],"IOP.":[18],"To":[19],"do":[20],"this,":[21],"cultured":[22],"HTM":[23,97],"and":[24,44,120,159,183,201,212],"SCE":[25,99],"cells":[26,65],"were":[27,38],"grown":[28],"as":[29,148],"monolayers":[30,37],"over":[31,85],"a":[32,58,76,107,113,121,149,167],"millipore-filter":[33],"support":[34],"structure.":[35],"The":[36,203],"exposed":[39],"various":[41],"adrenergic":[42,228],"agonists":[43],"antagonists":[45],"while":[46,145],"flow":[47],"perfusate":[50],"(DME":[51],"+":[52],"5%":[53],"FBS)":[54],"was":[55],"measured":[56,116],"using":[57,178],"specially-designed":[59],"computer-linked":[60],"apparatus.":[61],"Exposure":[62],"10(-5)":[67],"M":[68],"for":[70,230],"around":[71,117],"2":[72],"hours":[73,119],"led":[74],"rapid":[77],"twofold":[78],"increase":[79,111,161],"in":[80,106,162,180,188,219],"HC":[81,163],"which":[82],"gradually":[83],"declines":[84],"next":[87],"12":[88],"hours.":[89,127],"Continuous":[90],"exposure":[91],"either":[93],"cell":[94],"type":[95],"(ie,":[96],"or":[98,103],"cells)":[100],"ISO":[104],"resulted":[105],"four-":[108],"eightfold":[110],"with":[112,137],"maximal":[114,123],"effect":[115,124,143],"10":[118],"half":[122],"at":[125],"2.5":[126],"Administration":[128],"c-AMP":[130],"alone":[131],"gave":[132],"similar":[133],"responses.":[134],"In":[135],"agreement":[136],"clinical":[138,204],"studies,":[139],"timolol":[140],"blocks":[141],"EPI's":[142],"completely":[144],"betaxolol":[146],"acted":[147],"partial":[150],"antagonist.":[151],"These":[152],"findings":[153],"suggest":[154],"changes":[158],"are":[164,171,210],"mediated":[165],"by":[166],"beta-2":[168],"receptor.":[169],"There":[170],"many":[172],"similarities":[173],"between":[174],"responses":[176],"observed":[177,187],"our":[179],"vitro":[181,220],"system":[182,221],"IOP-lowering":[185],"response":[186],"vivo":[189],"after":[190],"topical":[192],"application":[193],"(eg,":[196],"concentration,":[197],"time":[198],"course,":[199],"duration,":[200],"magnitude).":[202],"implications":[205],"these":[207],"preliminary":[208],"results":[209],"discussed":[211],"it":[213],"is":[214],"proposed":[215],"described":[218],"be":[223],"useful":[224],"select":[226],"new":[227],"drugs":[229],"glaucoma":[231],"therapy.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
