{"id":"https://openalex.org/W40572295","doi":null,"title":"The knowledge, attitudes and use of performance enhancing substances and supplements among male high school first- and second team athletes in the central metropolitan area of Cape Town, South Africa","display_name":"The knowledge, attitudes and use of performance enhancing substances and supplements among male high school first- and second team athletes in the central metropolitan area of Cape Town, South Africa","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W40572295","mag":"40572295"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/15239","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003010001","display_name":"Mariaan van Aswegen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-8044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-8044"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mariaan van Aswegen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-8044","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003010001"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12700","display_name":"Doping in Sports","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12700","display_name":"Doping in Sports","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13338","display_name":"Pharmacological Effects and Assays","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11953","display_name":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-enhancing-drugs","display_name":"performance-enhancing drugs","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplements","display_name":"dietary supplements","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-school-athletes","display_name":"high school athletes","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-athletes","display_name":"male athletes","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-attitudes-and-perceptions","display_name":"knowledge, attitudes and perceptions","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sources","display_name":"information sources","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-use-prevalence","display_name":"substance use prevalence","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacists","display_name":"pharmacists","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cape-town","display_name":"Cape Town","score":0.7620000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.7431451082229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777628658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034198","display_name":"Cape","level":2,"score":0.7226476073265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.7162215113639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4872959852218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3820491433143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.3649698495864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3363719582557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.33118629455566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.32901138067245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.18491309881210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14569106698036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.07447555661201477}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/15239","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:40572295","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/bitstream/10539/15239/1/Mariaan%20van%20Aswegen%20Research%20Report%20DEC2013.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/15239","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15239","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W40572295.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W40572295.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177183491","https://openalex.org/W201082919","https://openalex.org/W579832726","https://openalex.org/W1482115950","https://openalex.org/W1576847083","https://openalex.org/W1756699895","https://openalex.org/W1969043143","https://openalex.org/W1974086440","https://openalex.org/W1974483157","https://openalex.org/W1975736367","https://openalex.org/W1975806699","https://openalex.org/W1985211912","https://openalex.org/W1987715255","https://openalex.org/W1988957512","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2033816377","https://openalex.org/W2049157983","https://openalex.org/W2055867698","https://openalex.org/W2080115577","https://openalex.org/W2092091273","https://openalex.org/W2096473449","https://openalex.org/W2113719530","https://openalex.org/W2118985755","https://openalex.org/W2122921060","https://openalex.org/W2126909829","https://openalex.org/W2134615787","https://openalex.org/W2152304842","https://openalex.org/W2155119498","https://openalex.org/W2159079250","https://openalex.org/W2159119285","https://openalex.org/W2160547117","https://openalex.org/W2165286684","https://openalex.org/W2175378082","https://openalex.org/W2251748256","https://openalex.org/W2408013170","https://openalex.org/W2435759148","https://openalex.org/W2580689191","https://openalex.org/W2600478269","https://openalex.org/W2746052608","https://openalex.org/W4252558784"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576847083","https://openalex.org/W4246714592","https://openalex.org/W2032835995","https://openalex.org/W2159460547","https://openalex.org/W4398204134","https://openalex.org/W2080500312","https://openalex.org/W2113546877","https://openalex.org/W2016211044","https://openalex.org/W4223578376","https://openalex.org/W1125330604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Title:":[0],"The":[1,155,211,231,305],"knowledge,":[2,147,233,306],"attitudes":[3,119],"and":[4,10,16,33,46,65,83,95,112,118,151,181,188,227,235,257,289,296,308],"use":[5,52,96,152,208,239,283,312],"of":[6,24,62,97,104,120,153,201,215,218,240,266,284,300,303],"performance":[7,80],"enhancing":[8,81],"substances":[9,53,82],"supplements":[11,84],"among":[12,279],"male":[13,87,121,159,191,314],"High-school":[14],"first":[15,180,213],"second":[17,182],"team":[18,183],"athletes":[19,42,124,160,192,249,317],"in":[20,161,164,169,175,196],"the":[21,43,60,75,93,101,110,116,145,165,179,197,228,238,324],"metropolitan":[22,167,199],"area":[23,168,200],"Cape":[25,170,202],"Town,":[26],"South":[27],"Africa.":[28],"\\nObjective:":[29],"Pressure":[30],"to":[31,34,38,51,54,91,99,108,114,143,244,251,269,276,290,319],"perform":[32],"achieve":[35,55],"success":[36],"is":[37,260,264,274],"many":[39],"high":[40,88,122,162,315],"school":[41,89,123,316],"overbearing":[44],"goal":[45],"reality.":[47],"Many":[48],"are":[49],"willing":[50],"their":[56,63],"goals":[57],"even":[58],"at":[59,178],"expense":[61],"health":[64],"wellbeing.":[66],"Four":[67],"objectives":[68],"emanated":[69],"from":[70,193,254],"this":[71,287,301],"research:":[72],"To":[73],"determine":[74,100,109,115],"most":[76],"frequently":[77],"used":[78,131],"sport":[79],"(PESS)":[85],"by":[86,286,313],"athletes;":[90],"evaluate":[92],"prevalence":[94],"PESS;":[98],"main":[102,212],"sources":[103,217],"information":[105,219,253],"on":[106,125,329],"PESS":[107,126,207,221,241,285,311],"knowledge":[111],"lastly":[113],"perceptions":[117,307],"usage.":[127],"\\nDesign:":[128],"This":[129],"study":[130],"a":[132],"prospective":[133],"cross":[134],"sectional":[135],"survey":[136],"design.":[137],"A":[138],"self-administered":[139],"questionnaire":[140],"was":[141,158,209,222,242],"employed":[142],"assess":[144],"participant\u2019s":[146],"perceptions,":[148],"attitude":[149,236,309],"toward":[150,237,310],"PESS.":[154,330],"selected":[156],"sample":[157],"schools":[163,195],"central":[166,198],"Town":[171,203],"that":[172],"were":[173],"involved":[174],"competitive":[176],"sports":[177],"level.":[184],"\\nResults:":[185],"One":[186],"hundred":[187],"twenty":[189],"two":[190],"four":[194],"participated.":[204],"No":[205],"serious":[206],"found.":[210],"choice":[214],"reported":[216,250],"regarding":[220,282],"pharmacists":[223,255],"(21.3%),":[224],"biokineticists":[225,258],"(16.4%)":[226],"internet":[229],"(16.4%).":[230],"participants\u2019":[232],"perception":[234],"found":[243],"be":[245,320],"poor.":[246],"\\nConclusion:":[247],"Most":[248],"gather":[252],"(21.3%)":[256],"which":[259],"encouraging":[261],"since":[262],"it":[263],"expected":[265],"these":[267],"professionals":[268,281],"provide":[270],"sound":[271],"advice.":[272],"It":[273],"suggested":[275],"create":[277],"awareness":[278],"such":[280,293],"population":[288],"incorporate":[291],"organizations":[292],"as":[294,298],"SAIDS":[295],"WADA":[297],"part":[299],"dissemination":[302],"knowledge.":[304],"appears":[318],"lacking":[321],"thus":[322],"indicating":[323],"need":[325],"for":[326],"more":[327],"education":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}