{"id":"https://openalex.org/W40283713","doi":null,"title":"Clustering and the design of preference-assessment surveys in healthcare.","display_name":"Clustering and the design of preference-assessment surveys in healthcare.","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W40283713","mag":"40283713","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10591271","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1089071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1089071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1089071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1089071","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Stanford University, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Stanford University, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040777053","display_name":"Leslie Andrew Lenert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9680-5094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9680-5094"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L A Lenert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010870828","display_name":"Mark Andrew Hlatky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-9441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-9441"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M A Hlatky","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110655171","display_name":"Kathryn Mack McDonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-5744","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-5744","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-5412"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K M McDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068820196","display_name":"Richard A. Olshen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R A Olshen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109075364","display_name":"John C Hornberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-2205","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-2205"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Hornberger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90524442,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"5 Pt 1","first_page":"1033","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clustering","display_name":"clustering","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-state-preferences","display_name":"health state preferences","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventricular-arrhythmias","display_name":"ventricular arrhythmias","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-status","display_name":"health status","score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-functioning","display_name":"physical function","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitality","display_name":"vitality","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"mental health","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-means-clustering","display_name":"K-means clustering","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-reported-outcomes","display_name":"patient-reported outcomes","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sf-36","display_name":"SF-36","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duke-activity-status-index","display_name":"Duke Activity Status Index","score":0.9909999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936872","display_name":"Vitality","level":2,"score":0.9141409993171692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7168988585472107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.6487045884132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.5939821600914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45226752758026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.43888288736343384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.42696475982666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3751268684864044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21807444095611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.1988978385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.11108383536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006279","descriptor_name":"Health Maintenance Organizations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006306","descriptor_name":"Health Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014693","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014693","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017180","descriptor_name":"Tachycardia, Ventricular","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017180","descriptor_name":"Tachycardia, Ventricular","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1089071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1089071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10591271","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10591271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health services research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:40283713","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10591271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1089071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1089071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8522129202","display_name":"Adaptation of New Statistical Ideas for Medicine","funder_award_id":"2r01ca059039-27","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977638405","https://openalex.org/W2004329369","https://openalex.org/W2007509784","https://openalex.org/W2037377025","https://openalex.org/W2049034520","https://openalex.org/W2056914680","https://openalex.org/W2079013733","https://openalex.org/W2085202934","https://openalex.org/W2091570324","https://openalex.org/W2113320954","https://openalex.org/W2143425425","https://openalex.org/W2156000474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2106173167","https://openalex.org/W2031286633","https://openalex.org/W7096894112","https://openalex.org/W2000198652","https://openalex.org/W2473833232","https://openalex.org/W4362664301","https://openalex.org/W4205787226","https://openalex.org/W2905971632","https://openalex.org/W7098304698","https://openalex.org/W3008520826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"show":[2],"cluster":[3,86],"analysis":[4],"as":[5,173],"a":[6,185,198],"potentially":[7],"useful":[8],"tool":[9],"in":[10,16,80,83,92],"defining":[11],"common":[12],"outcomes":[13],"empirically":[14],"and":[15,55,58,120,138,151],"facilitating":[17],"the":[18,49,61,84,93,174,180,203],"assessment":[19],"of":[20,29,39,109,127,145,162,176,179,202,205],"preferences":[21],"for":[22],"health":[23,78,103,181,190],"states.":[24,104,182],"DATA":[25],"SOURCES:":[26],"A":[27,69],"survey":[28,192],"224":[30],"patients":[31,82],"with":[32],"ventricular":[33],"arrhythmias":[34],"treated":[35],"at":[36],"Kaiser":[37],"Permanente":[38],"Northern":[40],"California.":[41],"STUDY":[42],"DESIGN/METHODS:":[43],"Physical":[44],"functioning":[45],"was":[46,73,111],"measured":[47],"using":[48,60],"Duke":[50],"Activity":[51],"Status":[52],"Index":[53],"(DASI),":[54],"mental":[56,121,139,156],"status":[57,191],"vitality":[59,137,153],"Medical":[62],"Outcomes":[63],"Study":[64],"Short":[65],"Form-36":[66],"items":[67,91],"(SF-36).":[68],"\"k-means\"":[70],"clustering":[71,98,186],"algorithm":[72,99,187],"used":[74],"to":[75,90,188,196],"identify":[76],"prototypical":[77,102],"states,":[79],"which":[81],"same":[85],"shared":[87],"similar":[88],"responses":[89],"survey.":[94],"PRINCIPAL":[95],"FINDINGS:":[96],"The":[97],"yielded":[100],"four":[101],"Cluster":[105,123,141,158],"1":[106],"(21":[107],"percent":[108,126,144,161],"patients)":[110,128,146,163],"characterized":[112],"by":[113],"high":[114,134],"scores":[115,135,166],"on":[116,136,167],"physical":[117,131,149],"functioning,":[118],"vitality,":[119],"health.":[122,140,157],"2":[124],"(33":[125],"had":[129,147,164],"low":[130,148,152,165],"function":[132,150],"but":[133,154],"3":[142],"(29":[143],"preserved":[155],"4":[159],"(17":[160],"all":[168],"scales.":[169],"These":[170],"clusters":[171],"served":[172],"basis":[175],"written":[177],"descriptions":[178],"CONCLUSIONS:":[183],"Employing":[184],"analyze":[189],"data":[193],"enables":[194],"researchers":[195],"gain":[197],"data-driven,":[199],"concise":[200],"summary":[201],"experiences":[204],"patients.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
