{"id":"https://openalex.org/W39682376","doi":null,"title":"Microstructure and properties of welds in the lean duplex stainless steel LDX 2101","display_name":"Microstructure and properties of welds in the lean duplex stainless steel LDX 2101","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W39682376","mag":"39682376"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27387","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27387","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026074294","display_name":"Elin M. Westin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-5822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-5822"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elin M. Westin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-5822","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026074294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.8901000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.8901000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10736","display_name":"Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals","score":0.08810000121593475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10723","display_name":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lean-duplex-stainless-steel","display_name":"lean duplex stainless steel","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weld-microstructure","display_name":"weld microstructure","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pitting-resistance","display_name":"pitting resistance","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/austenite-formation","display_name":"austenite formation","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filler-metal","display_name":"filler metal","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-welding","display_name":"laser welding","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tig-welding","display_name":"TIG welding","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-laser-arc-welding","display_name":"laser-arc hybrid welding","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromium-nitride-precipitation","display_name":"chromium nitride precipitation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-affected-zone","display_name":"heat-affected zone","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese","display_name":"manganese","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pickling","display_name":"pickling","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.7213047742843628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.6567040681838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99611785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453233","display_name":"Duplex (building)","level":3,"score":0.585343062877655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.553650438785553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.531929612159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1291610300540924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27387","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:39682376","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:376827","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27387","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3161532899","https://openalex.org/W61648088","https://openalex.org/W109423886","https://openalex.org/W2044019120","https://openalex.org/W2973079765","https://openalex.org/W4302290870","https://openalex.org/W2079789902","https://openalex.org/W304216434","https://openalex.org/W2752802187","https://openalex.org/W2564604787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Duplex":[0],"stainless":[1,79,322],"steels":[2,323],"can":[3,38,105,145],"be":[4,40,183,263,406,432],"very":[5],"attractive":[6],"alternatives":[7],"to":[8,12,47,55,123,250,262,309,332,356,358,375,431,440],"austenitic":[9,36,99,321],"grades":[10,37,307,412],"due":[11],"their":[13],"almost":[14],"double":[15],"strength":[16],"at":[17],"equal":[18],"pitting":[19,88,179,205,254,258],"corrosion":[20,89,148],"resistance.":[21,255],"When":[22],"welding,":[23],"the":[24,34,57,64,72,75,107,160,175,192,211,215,221,224,230,233,237,253,266,274,325,343,350,369,376,381,428,434],"duplex":[25,65,78,125,306,411],"alloys":[26],"normally":[27],"require":[28],"addition":[29],"of":[30,50,74,91,98,109,155,168,188,280,340,385],"filler":[31,156,401],"metal,":[32,157,371],"while":[33],"commodity":[35],"often":[39],"welded":[41,142,395],"autogenously.":[42,153],"Over-alloyed":[43],"consumables":[44],"are":[45,354],"used":[46],"counteract":[48],"segregation":[49,384],"important":[51],"alloying":[52],"elements":[53,387],"and":[54,61,104,137,166,195,278,287,346,372,450],"balance":[56],"two":[58],"phases,":[59],"ferrite":[60,425],"austenite,":[62],"in":[63,119,159,191,214,220,229,324,393],"weld":[66,193,268,281,344,352,359,370],"metal.":[67],"This":[68,362,398],"work":[69],"focuses":[70],"on":[71,284,303,349],"weldability":[73],"recently-developed":[76],"lean":[77,305],"steel":[80],"LDX":[81,120,143,285,396],"2101\u00ae":[82],"(EN":[83,102,112,289],"1.4162,":[84],"UNS":[85,291],"S32101).":[86],"The":[87,114,178,256,276,300,383],"resistance":[90,128,180],"this":[92],"grade":[93],"is":[94,117,260,336,363,391,416],"better":[95],"than":[96,219,314],"that":[97,132,240,271,400,414,421],"AISI":[100,110,326],"304":[101],"1.4307)":[103],"reach":[106],"level":[108],"316L":[111],"1.4404).":[113],"austenite":[115,176,435],"formation":[116,187,335],"rapid":[118],"2101":[121,144,286],"compared":[122],"older":[124],"grades.":[126],"Pitting":[127],"tests":[129],"performed":[130],"show":[131],"1-2.5":[133],"mm":[134,209],"thick":[135],"laser":[136,169],"gas":[138,165,379],"tungsten":[139],"arc":[140],"(GTA)":[141],"have":[146],"good":[147],"properties":[149],"even":[150],"when":[151],"welding":[152,171,445],"Additions":[154],"nitrogen":[158,373,390,419,429,443],"shielding":[161,378,449],"gas,":[162],"nitrogen-based":[163],"backing":[164,451],"use":[167],"hybrid":[170],"methods,":[172],"however,":[173],"increase":[174],"formation.":[177,361],"may":[181,404],"also":[182],"increased":[184],"by":[185,243,265,446],"suppressing":[186],"chromium":[189,225],"nitrides":[190],"metal":[194,217,345],"heat":[196,301,333],"affected":[197],"zone":[198],"(HAZ).":[199],"After":[200],"thorough":[201],"post-weld":[202],"cleaning":[203],"(pickling),":[204],"primarily":[206],"occurred":[207],"1-3":[208],"from":[210,342,368,389],"fusion":[212,238],"line,":[213],"parent":[216],"rather":[218],"HAZ.":[222],"Neither":[223],"nitride":[226],"precipitates":[227],"found":[228,249],"HAZ,":[231],"nor":[232],"element":[234],"depletion":[235],"along":[236],"line":[239],"was":[241],"revealed":[242],"electron":[244],"probe":[245],"microanalysis":[246],"(EPMA)":[247],"were":[248,293],"locally":[251],"decrease":[252],"preferential":[257],"location":[259],"suggested":[261,355],"controlled":[264],"residual":[267],"oxide":[269,282,353,360],"composition":[270,277],"varies":[272],"over":[273],"surface.":[275],"thickness":[279],"formed":[283],"2304":[288],"1.4362,":[290],"S32304)":[292],"determined":[294],"using":[295],"X-ray":[296],"photoelectron":[297],"spectroscopy":[298],"(XPS).":[299],"tint":[302,334],"these":[304],"proved":[308],"contain":[310],"significantly":[311],"more":[312],"manganese":[313,366],"what":[315],"has":[316],"been":[317],"reported":[318],"for":[319,409],"standard":[320],"300":[327],"series.":[328],"A":[329],"new":[330],"approach":[331],"presented;":[337],"whereby":[338],"evaporation":[339],"material":[341],"subsequent":[347],"deposition":[348],"already-formed":[351],"contribute":[357],"consistent":[364],"with":[365],"loss":[367,420],"additions":[374,403],"GTA":[377],"enhance":[380],"evaporation.":[382],"all":[386],"apart":[388],"low":[392],"autogenously":[394],"2101.":[397],"means":[399],"wire":[402],"not":[405],"required":[407],"as":[408],"other":[410],"assuming":[413],"there":[415],"no":[417],"large":[418],"could":[422],"cause":[423],"excessive":[424],"contents.":[426],"As":[427],"appears":[430],"controlling":[433],"formation,":[436],"it":[437],"becomes":[438],"essential":[439],"avoid":[441],"losing":[442],"during":[444],"choosing":[447],"nitrogen-containing":[448],"gas.":[452]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}