{"id":"https://openalex.org/W394700701","doi":null,"title":"The North Atlantic Oscillation, climate change and the ecology of British insects","display_name":"The North Atlantic Oscillation, climate change and the ecology of British insects","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W394700701","mag":"394700701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.bbk.ac.uk.oai2:19648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/19648/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400465","display_name":"BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","host_organization_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Previously completed thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/6594/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076706162","display_name":"Angus Westgarth-Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angus Westgarth-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076706162"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14378","display_name":"Entomological Studies and Ecology","score":0.5863999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14378","display_name":"Entomological Studies and Ecology","score":0.5863999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.16429999470710754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10089","display_name":"Avian ecology and behavior","score":0.03909999877214432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-atlantic-oscillation","display_name":"North Atlantic Oscillation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insect-phenology","display_name":"insect phenology","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-spruce-aphid","display_name":"green spruce aphid","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elatobium-abietinum","display_name":"Elatobium abietinum","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-migration-timing","display_name":"spring migration timing","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rothamsted-insect-survey","display_name":"Rothamsted Insect Survey","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-change","display_name":"habitat change","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6834667325019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6819241046905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17093552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137345","display_name":"North Atlantic oscillation","level":2,"score":0.6012575030326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5111663937568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.35662174224853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.28291788697242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18690258264541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1292203664779663}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.bbk.ac.uk.oai2:19648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/19648/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400465","display_name":"BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","host_organization_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Previously completed thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/6594","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6594","pdf_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/6594/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:394700701","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/6594/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/6594","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6594","pdf_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/6594/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"score":0.685699999332428,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313755","display_name":"Northern Ireland Environment Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/01d29cd45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315154","display_name":"Scottish Natural Heritage","ror":"https://ror.org/01t6g8w08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318746","display_name":"Natural England","ror":"https://ror.org/00r66pz14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319995","display_name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government","ror":"https://ror.org/00tnppw48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W394700701.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W394700701.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":186,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4831349","https://openalex.org/W26633523","https://openalex.org/W89000178","https://openalex.org/W162007075","https://openalex.org/W176983258","https://openalex.org/W197254890","https://openalex.org/W339522004","https://openalex.org/W349698845","https://openalex.org/W656699964","https://openalex.org/W1272074469","https://openalex.org/W1483325761","https://openalex.org/W1485600237","https://openalex.org/W1525812205","https://openalex.org/W1553899908","https://openalex.org/W1565380202","https://openalex.org/W1608281233","https://openalex.org/W1728270392","https://openalex.org/W1802874187","https://openalex.org/W1818092435","https://openalex.org/W1904621030","https://openalex.org/W1964883318","https://openalex.org/W1965309433","https://openalex.org/W1966772288","https://openalex.org/W1969315754","https://openalex.org/W1969575064","https://openalex.org/W1970942979","https://openalex.org/W1974294573","https://openalex.org/W1977459784","https://openalex.org/W1977510355","https://openalex.org/W1983548496","https://openalex.org/W1984346347","https://openalex.org/W1985994297","https://openalex.org/W1986149840","https://openalex.org/W1986395410","https://openalex.org/W1987190277","https://openalex.org/W1988080738","https://openalex.org/W1990256820","https://openalex.org/W1990584332","https://openalex.org/W1992128209","https://openalex.org/W1993599514","https://openalex.org/W1995798406","https://openalex.org/W1998392465","https://openalex.org/W2003290288","https://openalex.org/W2004367724","https://openalex.org/W2005069404","https://openalex.org/W2006510809","https://openalex.org/W2006567816","https://openalex.org/W2006917248","https://openalex.org/W2009163215","https://openalex.org/W2011016636","https://openalex.org/W2011926424","https://openalex.org/W2015116330","https://openalex.org/W2015239725","https://openalex.org/W2017145334","https://openalex.org/W2018437556","https://openalex.org/W2023499481","https://openalex.org/W2025349641","https://openalex.org/W2028434977","https://openalex.org/W2030872722","https://openalex.org/W2036260491","https://openalex.org/W2037519586","https://openalex.org/W2038660956","https://openalex.org/W2040085561","https://openalex.org/W2040778004","https://openalex.org/W2042001487","https://openalex.org/W2042007780","https://openalex.org/W2042612044","https://openalex.org/W2043195455","https://openalex.org/W2043298133","https://openalex.org/W2051115948","https://openalex.org/W2051166810","https://openalex.org/W2051212169","https://openalex.org/W2052134149","https://openalex.org/W2053024801","https://openalex.org/W2053471272","https://openalex.org/W2056316802","https://openalex.org/W2057303243","https://openalex.org/W2057595177","https://openalex.org/W2059568945","https://openalex.org/W2060184043","https://openalex.org/W2063728840","https://openalex.org/W2063833107","https://openalex.org/W2064557010","https://openalex.org/W2066147057","https://openalex.org/W2068143383","https://openalex.org/W2069515072","https://openalex.org/W2074736922","https://openalex.org/W2074906909","https://openalex.org/W2076400969","https://openalex.org/W2078601464","https://openalex.org/W2081425666","https://openalex.org/W2081988732","https://openalex.org/W2082046594","https://openalex.org/W2083196973","https://openalex.org/W2086221264","https://openalex.org/W2087725742","https://openalex.org/W2089119914","https://openalex.org/W2090772014","https://openalex.org/W2093710533","https://openalex.org/W2094548193","https://openalex.org/W2095743793","https://openalex.org/W2097937019","https://openalex.org/W2099818403","https://openalex.org/W2100095133","https://openalex.org/W2104014680","https://openalex.org/W2104665412","https://openalex.org/W2104963819","https://openalex.org/W2105572557","https://openalex.org/W2107288398","https://openalex.org/W2107725512","https://openalex.org/W2107954816","https://openalex.org/W2108694068","https://openalex.org/W2110766761","https://openalex.org/W2112292960","https://openalex.org/W2113319392","https://openalex.org/W2113805218","https://openalex.org/W2114549775","https://openalex.org/W2115421472","https://openalex.org/W2115886241","https://openalex.org/W2120694572","https://openalex.org/W2121545898","https://openalex.org/W2121960586","https://openalex.org/W2122132675","https://openalex.org/W2122801463","https://openalex.org/W2123094102","https://openalex.org/W2124033961","https://openalex.org/W2124178786","https://openalex.org/W2125503968","https://openalex.org/W2126024186","https://openalex.org/W2128515587","https://openalex.org/W2128756857","https://openalex.org/W2130113212","https://openalex.org/W2131374839","https://openalex.org/W2131477567","https://openalex.org/W2132087745","https://openalex.org/W2134103466","https://openalex.org/W2135220578","https://openalex.org/W2136672073","https://openalex.org/W2138034198","https://openalex.org/W2138791011","https://openalex.org/W2139854803","https://openalex.org/W2142474086","https://openalex.org/W2143417106","https://openalex.org/W2145406894","https://openalex.org/W2147467841","https://openalex.org/W2152673007","https://openalex.org/W2154594983","https://openalex.org/W2154687830","https://openalex.org/W2154872921","https://openalex.org/W2156221932","https://openalex.org/W2157336073","https://openalex.org/W2157377523","https://openalex.org/W2157470043","https://openalex.org/W2158194077","https://openalex.org/W2159286491","https://openalex.org/W2161300703","https://openalex.org/W2161765523","https://openalex.org/W2164109186","https://openalex.org/W2167587605","https://openalex.org/W2168935287","https://openalex.org/W2169954448","https://openalex.org/W2171747193","https://openalex.org/W2172179044","https://openalex.org/W2173664376","https://openalex.org/W2179006149","https://openalex.org/W2184169136","https://openalex.org/W2228148820","https://openalex.org/W2272908325","https://openalex.org/W2291939570","https://openalex.org/W2314408517","https://openalex.org/W2319879213","https://openalex.org/W2348599249","https://openalex.org/W2429734577","https://openalex.org/W2484038213","https://openalex.org/W2763905836","https://openalex.org/W2797816625","https://openalex.org/W2808995432","https://openalex.org/W2885280795","https://openalex.org/W2887639494","https://openalex.org/W2918073131","https://openalex.org/W2939474406","https://openalex.org/W2991460120","https://openalex.org/W3020983431","https://openalex.org/W3169170091","https://openalex.org/W3183503060","https://openalex.org/W3195234955"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095496850","https://openalex.org/W3140896310","https://openalex.org/W7095875952","https://openalex.org/W104771321","https://openalex.org/W1970942979","https://openalex.org/W2069705320","https://openalex.org/W7099824312","https://openalex.org/W1988080738","https://openalex.org/W2123432141","https://openalex.org/W2064969390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evidence":[0],"is":[1,6,154,246,325],"accumulating":[2],"that":[3,283],"climate":[4,33],"change":[5,42],"having":[7,49],"a":[8,12,50,112,127,183,204,226],"significant":[9],"effect":[10,52],"on":[11,24,43,53,61],"wide":[13],"range":[14,20],"of":[15,21,32,58,92,104,120,130,161,177,234,242,252,260,291,303,318],"organisms":[16],"spanning":[17],"the":[18,29,35,47,56,59,88,117,121,147,151,169,175,194,229,232,235,240,243,250,253,258,261,284,289,292,300,311,319],"full":[19],"biodiversity":[22],"found":[23],"this":[25],"planet.This":[26],"study":[27],"investigates":[28],"ecological":[30],"role":[31,57],"change,":[34],"North":[36],"Atlantic":[37],"Oscillation":[38],"(NAO)":[39],"and":[40,87,100,140,217,238,313],"habitat":[41],"British":[44,54,62],"insect":[45],"populations.Despite":[46],"NAO":[48,60,114,148,165,195,210,230,256,285,306],"considerable":[51],"weather,":[55],"insects":[63],"has":[64],"not":[65,167,287],"previously":[66],"been":[67],"studied":[68],"in":[69,146,225,280],"great":[70],"detail.The":[71],"World\"s":[72],"two":[73],"best":[74],"entomological":[75],"time":[76],"series":[77],"datasets":[78],"were":[79,187],"usedthe":[80],"United":[81,320],"Kingdom":[82],"Butterfly":[83,272],"Monitoring":[84],"Scheme":[85],"(UKBMS)":[86],"Rothamsted":[89],"Insect":[90],"Survey":[91],"aphidsboth":[93],"surveys":[94],"with":[95,111,156,214],"very":[96],"large":[97],"sample":[98],"sizes":[99],"high":[101],"quality":[102],"data.Summary":[103],"main":[105],"findings:":[106],"1.":[107],"Warm":[108],"weather":[109,216],"associated":[110,155,213],"positive":[113,208],"index":[115,149,211],"caused":[116],"spring":[118],"migration":[119],"green":[122],"spruce":[123,131],"aphid":[124],"(Elatobium":[125],"abietinum),":[126],"pest":[128],"species":[129],"trees":[132],"(Picea)":[133],"to":[134,190,193,197],"start":[135],"earlier,":[136],"continue":[137],"for":[138],"longer":[139,184],"contain":[141],"more":[142,188,265],"aphids.An":[143],"upward":[144],"trend":[145],"during":[150],"period":[152],"1966-2006":[153],"an":[157],"increasing":[158],"population":[159,173,270,301],"size":[160,302],"E.":[162],"abietinum.2.":[163],"The":[164],"does":[166,286,298],"affect":[168,288,299],"overall":[170],"UK":[171],"butterfly":[172,179,219,262,294],"size.However,":[174],"abundance":[176,290],"bivoltine":[178,222],"species,":[180,199,228],"which":[181,200],"have":[182],"flight":[185,220,263],"season,":[186],"likely":[189],"respond":[191],"positively":[192],"compared":[196],"univoltine":[198],"show":[201],"little":[202],"or":[203],"negative":[205],"response.3.":[206],"A":[207],"winter":[209],"was":[212],"warmer":[215],"earlier":[218],"dates.For":[221],"(two":[223],"generations":[224],"year)":[227],"affects":[231],"phenology":[233],"first":[236,254],"generation,":[237],"then":[239],"timing":[241,251,259],"second":[244],"generation":[245],"indirectly":[247],"controlled":[248],"by":[249],"generation.The":[255],"influences":[257,269],"seasons":[264],"strongly":[266],"than":[267],"it":[268,297],"size.4.":[271],"data":[273],"from":[274,310],"Monks":[275],"Wood":[276],"National":[277],"Nature":[278],"Reserve":[279],"Cambridgeshire":[281],"showed":[282],"whole":[293],"community,":[295],"but":[296],"some":[304],"species.The":[305],"receives":[307],"grant-aided":[308],"support":[309],"Biotechnology":[312],"Biological":[314],"Sciences":[315],"Research":[316],"Council":[317],"Kingdom.The":[321],"suction":[322],"trap":[323],"network":[324],"also":[326]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}