{"id":"https://openalex.org/W39200817","doi":null,"title":"Pharmacology of benzodiazepine hypnotics.","display_name":"Pharmacology of benzodiazepine hypnotics.","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W39200817","mag":"39200817","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1319429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1319429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1319429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087737186","display_name":"David J. Greenblatt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-6226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-6226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D J Greenblatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087737186"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":240,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80321593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53 Suppl","issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzodiazepine-hypnotics","display_name":"benzodiazepine hypnotics","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insomnia-treatment","display_name":"insomnia treatment","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flurazepam","display_name":"flurazepam","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triazolam","display_name":"triazolam","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temazepam","display_name":"temazepam","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-benzodiazepine-hypnotics","display_name":"non-benzodiazepine hypnotics","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedation","display_name":"sedation","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleepiness","display_name":"sleepiness","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-impairment","display_name":"performance impairment","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amnesia","display_name":"amnesia","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-absorption","display_name":"drug absorption","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-elimination","display_name":"drug elimination","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-clearance","display_name":"drug clearance","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776156762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418998","display_name":"Flurazepam","level":4,"score":0.9709421396255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83871","display_name":"Benzodiazepine","level":3,"score":0.8928919434547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781006864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414796","display_name":"Temazepam","level":4,"score":0.800263524055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779738154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412143","display_name":"Triazolam","level":4,"score":0.7620184421539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62962","display_name":"Hypnotic","level":2,"score":0.6297839283943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778615406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11072","display_name":"Amnesia","level":2,"score":0.5689182877540588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777196872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319877","display_name":"Alprazolam","level":3,"score":0.5662424564361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776284327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413050","display_name":"Tetrabenazine","level":3,"score":0.5240473747253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49208754301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.45504724979400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.43503338098526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.43352776765823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.2550831735134125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.1609266996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.13859105110168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005479","descriptor_name":"Flurazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005479","descriptor_name":"Flurazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005479","descriptor_name":"Flurazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007319","descriptor_name":"Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011963","descriptor_name":"Receptors, GABA-A","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012893","descriptor_name":"Sleep Wake Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1319429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1319429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:39200817","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1319429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8100000023841858}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024905834","https://openalex.org/W2160567039","https://openalex.org/W203802115","https://openalex.org/W3083745538","https://openalex.org/W2129601577","https://openalex.org/W2408453300","https://openalex.org/W1968044676","https://openalex.org/W122437001","https://openalex.org/W2107549531","https://openalex.org/W1555731004"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,33,55],"\"revolution\"":[1],"in":[2,8,37,127],"pharmacologic":[3],"treatment":[4],"of":[5,13,17,30,57,67,75,105,109,130],"insomnia":[6],"began":[7,36,51],"1970":[9],"with":[10],"the":[11,15,18,28,31,38,58,84],"availability":[12],"flurazepam,":[14],"first":[16],"benzodiazepine":[19,68,121],"hypnotics.":[20,78],"Flurazepam":[21],"largely":[22],"replaced":[23],"all":[24,82],"other":[25],"hypnotics":[26,122],"during":[27],"decade":[29,56],"1970s.":[32],"second":[34],"revolution":[35],"early":[39],"1980s":[40],"as":[41,71,73],"shorter":[42],"half-life":[43],"hypnotics,":[44],"triazolam":[45],"and":[46,50,89,95,111,134],"temazepam,":[47],"became":[48],"available":[49,80],"to":[52,86],"replace":[53],"flurazepam.":[54],"1990s":[59],"will":[60],"probably":[61],"see":[62],"a":[63],"more":[64],"balanced":[65],"pattern":[66],"hypnotic":[69],"use,":[70],"well":[72],"use":[74],"newer":[76],"nonbenzodiazepine":[77],"Among":[79],"benzodiazepines,":[81],"have":[83],"capacity":[85],"produce":[87],"dose-":[88],"concentration-dependent":[90],"sedation,":[91],"drowsiness,":[92],"performance":[93],"impairment,":[94],"amnesia.":[96],"Benzodiazepine-induced":[97],"amnestic":[98],"effects":[99],"are":[100,123],"characterized":[101],"by":[102,125],"either":[103],"impairment":[104,108],"information":[106],"acquisition,":[107],"consolidation":[110],"storage,":[112],"or":[113],"both.":[114],"In":[115],"general,":[116],"apparent":[117],"clinical":[118],"differences":[119,126],"among":[120],"explained":[124],"pharmacokinetic":[128],"properties":[129],"absorption,":[131],"distribution,":[132],"elimination,":[133],"clearance.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":158},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}