{"id":"https://openalex.org/W39113000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","title":"Why do subsidised firms survive longer? An evaluation of a program promoting youth entrepreneurship in Italy","display_name":"Why do subsidised firms survive longer? An evaluation of a program promoting youth entrepreneurship in Italy","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W39113000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","mag":"39113000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176333","display_name":"ZEW economic studies","issn_l":"1615-6781","issn":["1615-6781","1867-2027"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ZEW Economic Studies","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W615215593","display_name":"Econometric Evaluation of Labour Market Policies"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083848636","display_name":"Erich Battistin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-1734","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-1734"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erich Battistin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041117317","display_name":"Andrea Gavosto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Gavosto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035970850","display_name":"Enrico Rettore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-106X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-106X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Rettore","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.9806,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98470097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.8065999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.8065999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.18230000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-entrepreneurship","display_name":"youth entrepreneurship","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-subsidies","display_name":"business subsidies","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-survival","display_name":"business survival","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship-programmes","display_name":"entrepreneurship programmes","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beneficiary-selection","display_name":"beneficiary selection","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneur-training","display_name":"entrepreneur training","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard-function","display_name":"hazard function","score":0.6660000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.8605959415435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.7861685156822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22614528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721322","display_name":"Survival of the fittest","level":2,"score":0.601478099822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5874136686325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5826274156570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.4859949052333832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.47432395815849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.45312172174453735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44754093885421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26993612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910154","display_name":"Panacea (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.4452454447746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41994157433509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776493517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479542","display_name":"Seekers","level":2,"score":0.41937878727912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3133748471736908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.18451035022735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.18143239617347717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14249202609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.13339132070541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07873570919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06710022687911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57615-7_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176333","display_name":"ZEW economic studies","issn_l":"1615-6781","issn":["1615-6781","1867-2027"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ZEW Economic Studies","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/111820","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/111820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/2433597","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/2433597","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.9211000204086304}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7599999904632568}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W583400343","https://openalex.org/W1518052575","https://openalex.org/W1529346709","https://openalex.org/W1977645283","https://openalex.org/W1978108654","https://openalex.org/W1998893513","https://openalex.org/W2009969231","https://openalex.org/W2013915050","https://openalex.org/W2024866217","https://openalex.org/W2069888879","https://openalex.org/W2093029608","https://openalex.org/W2101424588","https://openalex.org/W2132917208","https://openalex.org/W2136883754","https://openalex.org/W2150291618","https://openalex.org/W2780372470","https://openalex.org/W2797482815","https://openalex.org/W2891753394","https://openalex.org/W3022236875","https://openalex.org/W3122948292","https://openalex.org/W3123130592","https://openalex.org/W4247110188","https://openalex.org/W4388290870"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074535719","https://openalex.org/W6921139194","https://openalex.org/W3123020645","https://openalex.org/W3125334161","https://openalex.org/W2209600152","https://openalex.org/W2726283252","https://openalex.org/W2062507535","https://openalex.org/W7024022180","https://openalex.org/W4417158308","https://openalex.org/W3125387081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,51,167],"evaluate":[1],"an":[2],"Italian":[3],"programme":[4,34,61,162,187],"which":[5,41],"promotes":[6],"youth":[7],"entrepreneurship":[8],"by":[9,22,150],"issuing":[10],"substantial":[11],"benefits":[12],"to":[13,40,109,127,140,146,160,189],"candidate":[14],"entrepreneurs":[15],"selected":[16,78,122],"through":[17],"a":[18,113,134,171],"screening":[19,117],"process":[20,121],"and":[21,79,118,152],"providing":[23],"them":[24],"with":[25,38,144],"some":[26,147],"training.":[27],"Following":[28],"previous":[29,157],"informal":[30],"analyses":[31],"of":[32,59,91,103,115,136,178],"this":[33],"performance":[35],"the":[36,44,47,57,60,66,81,89,92,95,101,116,119,141,161,176,179,186,199],"outcome":[37],"respect":[39,145],"we":[42,107,154],"perform":[43],"evaluation":[45],"is":[46,62,68,87,99],"firm":[48],"survival":[49,97,193],"time.":[50],"argue":[52],"that":[53,88,156,170],"what":[54],"matters":[55],"for":[56],"success":[58],"not":[63,100,196],"how":[64,76],"effective":[65],"subsidy":[67,93],"per":[69],"se":[70],"in":[71],"keeping":[72],"firms":[73,96,123,138,191],"alive":[74],"but":[75],"well":[77],"trained":[80],"beneficiaries":[82],"are.":[83],"A":[84],"major":[85],"implication":[86],"impact":[90],"on":[94,129,175,185,198],"chances":[98,194],"parameter":[102],"interest":[104],"here;":[105],"rather,":[106],"need":[108],"assess":[110],"whether":[111],"as":[112],"result":[114],"training":[120],"are":[124],"enough":[125],"good":[126],"survive":[128],"their":[130],"own.":[131],"After":[132],"constructing":[133],"sample":[135],"spontaneous":[137],"comparable":[139],"subsidised":[142],"ones":[143],"observable":[148],"characteristics":[149],"matching":[151],"weighting":[153],"show":[155,169],"results":[158],"favourable":[159],"badly":[163],"overstated":[164],"its":[165],"effectiveness.":[166],"also":[168],"simple":[172],"criterion":[173],"based":[174],"pattern":[177],"hazard":[180],"function":[181],"casts":[182],"serious":[183],"doubts":[184],"ability":[188],"yield":[190],"whose":[192],"do":[195],"depend":[197],"subsidy.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}