{"id":"https://openalex.org/W37731519","doi":null,"title":"SPEAKING OF MATHEMATICS","display_name":"SPEAKING OF MATHEMATICS","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W37731519","mag":"37731519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.20.7984","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.20.7984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sigmaxi.org/amsci/issues/comsci96/../../pdf/compsci96-03.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109573203","display_name":"Brian Hayes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109573203"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7675,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93186373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"2","first_page":"110","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.7265999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.7265999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.15309999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.07819999754428864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-to-speech","display_name":"text-to-speech","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visually-impaired-readers","display_name":"visually impaired readers","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accessibility-of-mathematics","display_name":"accessibility of mathematics","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assistive-technology","display_name":"assistive technology","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screen-readers","display_name":"screen readers","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-notation","display_name":"mathematical notation","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science-education","display_name":"computer science education","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-education","display_name":"engineering education","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4931001365184784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4674359858036041}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.20.7984","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.20.7984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sigmaxi.org/amsci/issues/comsci96/../../pdf/compsci96-03.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.47.7628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.47.7628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sigmaxi.org/amsci/issues/comsci96/../../ps/compsci96-03.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:37731519","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bit-player.org/bph-publications/AmSci-1996-03-Hayes-Aster/AmSci-1996-03-Hayes-Aster.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203291325","display_name":"American Scientist","issn_l":"0003-0996","issn":["0003-0996","1545-2786"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315943","host_organization_name":"Sigma Xi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sigma Xi"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AmSci","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5400000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492839618","https://openalex.org/W1538607524","https://openalex.org/W1572365090","https://openalex.org/W1969058867","https://openalex.org/W2342082360","https://openalex.org/W2612150260"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2119082282","https://openalex.org/W1538654734","https://openalex.org/W7096164715","https://openalex.org/W2898912514","https://openalex.org/W3047750803","https://openalex.org/W2534131548","https://openalex.org/W2170113542","https://openalex.org/W2257924606","https://openalex.org/W2128080462","https://openalex.org/W7099273138"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computers,":[0],"and":[1,24,82,95,109,133],"networks":[2],"of":[3,11,31,61,70,87,93,143],"computers,":[4],"have":[5],"opened":[6],"up":[7],"a":[8,47,51,62,71],"new":[9],"channel":[10],"communication":[12],"for":[13],"people":[14],"who":[15],"are":[16],"blind":[17],"or":[18,145,148],"visually":[19,43,140],"impaired.":[20],"Much":[21],"information":[22,88,102],"stored":[23],"transmitted":[25],"in":[26,129],"electronic":[27],"form---including":[28],"vast":[29],"streams":[30],"text":[32],"that":[33,65,127],"flow":[34],"over":[35],"the":[36,42,59,68,90,101,139],"Internet---can":[37],"be":[38],"made":[39],"accessible":[40],"to":[41],"impaired":[44,141],"reader":[45],"through":[46],"computer":[48,146],"equipped":[49],"with":[50,75,122],"nonvisual":[52],"output":[53],"device.":[54],"This":[55],"device":[56],"commonly":[57],"takes":[58],"form":[60],"text-to-speech":[63],"transducer":[64],"reads":[66],"aloud":[67],"content":[69],"display":[72],"screen.":[73],"Compared":[74],"other":[76],"media":[77],"such":[78],"as":[79,103,105],"tape-recorded":[80],"books":[81],"Braille":[83],"publications,":[84],"computerized":[85],"sources":[86],"offer":[89],"important":[91],"advantages":[92],"immediacy":[94],"independence:":[96],"Visually":[97],"disabled":[98],"readers":[99],"get":[100,112],"soon":[104],"anyone":[106],"else":[107],"does,":[108],"they":[110],"can":[111],"at":[113],"it":[114],"without":[115],"assistance.":[116],"Text-to-speech":[117],"systems":[118],"work":[119],"reasonably":[120],"well":[121,154],"plain,":[123],"linear":[124],"prose,":[125],"like":[126],"found":[128],"most":[130],"newspaper":[131],"articles":[132],"electronic-mail":[134],"messages.":[135],"But":[136],"what":[137],"about":[138],"student":[142],"mathematics":[144],"science":[147],"engineering,":[149],"whose":[150],"reading":[151],"matter":[152],"may":[153],"include":[155],"more-challenging":[156],"constructs?":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
