{"id":"https://openalex.org/W375217242","doi":null,"title":"Preschoolers' understanding of individual identity stability in simple objects.","display_name":"Preschoolers' understanding of individual identity stability in simple objects.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W375217242","mag":"375217242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/103598","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9332074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035138108","display_name":"Grant Gutheil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Grant Gutheil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035138108"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-identity","display_name":"personal identity","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity-stability","display_name":"identity stability","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-permanence","display_name":"object permanence","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appearance-changes","display_name":"appearance changes","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-shift","display_name":"location shift","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-development","display_name":"cognitive development","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-understanding","display_name":"object understanding","score":0.42100000381469727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7684606313705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.6908673048019409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5005345344543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4298720061779022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4251532554626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3795832097530365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3213287591934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.14287814497947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.13693389296531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.09009695053100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.06169271469116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.06002339720726013}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/103598","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9332074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:375217242","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/103598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085656616","https://openalex.org/W1967111686","https://openalex.org/W2037946793","https://openalex.org/W7212401351","https://openalex.org/W1630749079","https://openalex.org/W2325730622","https://openalex.org/W2083641496","https://openalex.org/W2034675147","https://openalex.org/W2113851591","https://openalex.org/W1410645573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,5,13,17,54,65,74,83,109,112,176,193,206,211,224,233,250,291,318,321],"the":[2,11,14,32,51,71,110,174,177,184,188,191,194,204,207,217,220,225,234,241,248,251,275,319],"major":[3],"achievements":[4],"early":[6,72],"cognitive":[7],"development":[8,73,320],"is":[9,180,304],"grasping":[10],"stability":[12,205,232],"individual":[15,33,52,122,236,292],"identity":[16,53,93,249,293],"objects":[18,84,134,179,196,252],"and":[19,23,36,48,106,119,139],"people/animals":[20],"across":[21,60,240],"time":[22],"change.":[24],"Children":[25,199],"must":[26],"learn":[27],"to":[28,69,91,103,216,230,246,265],"recognize":[29],"that":[30],"although":[31],"people,":[34],"animals,":[35],"artifacts":[37],"around":[38],"them":[39],"may":[40],"at":[41,281],"times":[42],"change":[43,257,272],"drastically":[44],"in":[45,77,114,157,258,273,294,297,316,324],"appearance,":[46],"behavior,":[47],"so":[49,267],"on,":[50],"a":[55,80,136,140,255,269],"specific":[56,81,153,208,226],"object":[57,123,166,322],"remains":[58],"constant":[59],"these":[61,66],"changes.":[62],"The":[63,312],"purpose":[64],"studies":[67,96,127,243],"was":[68,197,228],"investigate":[70,104],"this":[75],"understanding":[76,108,290,323],"preschoolers":[78],"within":[79],"domain":[82],"(simple":[85],"artifacts),":[86],"using":[87,147],"specific,":[88,148],"individuating,":[89],"properties":[90,150,210,227],"measure":[92],"stability.":[94],"Four":[95],"(N":[97],"=":[98],"116":[99],"overall)":[100],"were":[101,129,144,168,200,244,263],"conducted":[102],"3-":[105],"4-year-olds'":[107],"effects":[111],"changes":[113,296],"appearance":[115,298],"(color":[116],"or":[117,190,278],"shape)":[118],"location":[120,159,175],"on":[121],"identity.":[124,237,302],"In":[125,171,183],"all":[126],"children":[128,239,286],"presented":[130],"with":[131,219],"two":[132,178,195],"similar":[133],"(e.g.,":[135,151,214],"red":[137],"box":[138,218],"blue":[141],"box)":[142],"which":[143,295],"then":[145,169,201],"individuated":[146],"objective,":[149],"having":[152],"contents,":[154],"being":[155],"\"found\"":[156],"one":[158,172],"vs.":[160],"another,":[161],"ownership,":[162],"etc.).":[163],"Two":[164],"separate":[165],"transformations":[167],"performed.":[170],"transformation,":[173,186],"simply":[181],"switched.":[182,198],"other":[185],"either":[187,274],"color":[189,277],"shape":[192],"asked":[202],"about":[203],"individuating":[209],"each":[212],"object,":[213],"\"point":[215],"X":[221],"inside\").":[222],"Stability":[223],"taken":[229],"indicate":[231],"object's":[235],"All":[238],"4":[242,284],"able":[245,264],"hold":[247],"stable":[253],"after":[254,268],"simple":[256],"location,":[259],"but":[260],"only":[261],"4-year-olds":[262],"do":[266,299],"more":[270],"dramatic":[271],"objects'":[276],"shape.":[279],"By":[280],"least":[282],"age":[283],"then,":[285],"possess":[287],"an":[288],"adult-like":[289],"not":[300],"affect":[301],"This":[303],"significantly":[305],"younger":[306],"than":[307],"previous":[308],"research":[309],"has":[310],"indicated.":[311],"results":[313],"are":[314],"discussed":[315],"terms":[317],"general.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}