{"id":"https://openalex.org/W37306237","doi":null,"title":"Rational polypharmacy in the bipolar affective disorders.","display_name":"Rational polypharmacy in the bipolar affective disorders.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W37306237","mag":"37306237","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9294735"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9294735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9294735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsy research. Supplement","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015463951","display_name":"R M Post","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R M Post","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1272, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1272, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046547929","display_name":"Terence A. Ketter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-453X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-453X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T A Ketter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042765872","display_name":"Peggy J. Pazzaglia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P J Pazzaglia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081124023","display_name":"Kirk D. Denicoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Denicoff","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005012109","display_name":"Mark S. George","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-1815","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-1815"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M S George","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Callahan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Callahan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113777889","display_name":"Gabriele S. Leverich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Leverich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029433360","display_name":"Mark A. Frye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6997-4215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6997-4215"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Frye","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92393478,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10854","display_name":"Bipolar Disorder and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10854","display_name":"Bipolar Disorder and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-disorder","display_name":"bipolar disorder","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypharmacy","display_name":"polypharmacy","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium","display_name":"lithium","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-resistance","display_name":"lithium resistance","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbamazepine","display_name":"carbamazepine","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valproic-acid","display_name":"valproic acid","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiepileptic-drugs","display_name":"antiepileptic drugs","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mood-stabilizers","display_name":"mood stabilizers","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressants","display_name":"antidepressants","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mania","display_name":"mania","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tardive-dyskinesia","display_name":"tardive dyskinesia","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-cycling","display_name":"rapid cycling","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzodiazepines","display_name":"benzodiazepines","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clonazepam","display_name":"clonazepam","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lorazepam","display_name":"lorazepam","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-induced-mania","display_name":"antidepressant-induced mania","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prophylaxis","display_name":"prophylaxis","score":0.5770000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152763","display_name":"Lithium (medication)","level":2,"score":0.7370596528053284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776809841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185935","display_name":"Mania","level":4,"score":0.7196136116981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779253243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410412","display_name":"Carbamazepine","level":3,"score":0.6991791725158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","level":3,"score":0.6716874241828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780494398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208144","display_name":"Antipsychotic","level":3,"score":0.5985594391822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778802184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410346","display_name":"Lamotrigine","level":3,"score":0.5781702399253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5246087312698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780634440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408535","display_name":"Quetiapine","level":3,"score":0.4883703589439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780550438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2622367","display_name":"Mood stabilizer","level":4,"score":0.4856042265892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47993046045303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576618","display_name":"Anticonvulsant","level":3,"score":0.4652612507343292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779158372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546328","display_name":"Tardive dyskinesia","level":3,"score":0.4581420123577118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36434225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895998","display_name":"Polypharmacy","level":2,"score":0.45734500885009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45168787240982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.45138388872146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.31044793128967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.19653195142745972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.14798960089683533}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002121","descriptor_name":"Calcium Channel Blockers","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002121","descriptor_name":"Calcium Channel Blockers","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002121","descriptor_name":"Calcium Channel Blockers","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011619","descriptor_name":"Psychotropic Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011619","descriptor_name":"Psychotropic Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011619","descriptor_name":"Psychotropic Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014150","descriptor_name":"Antipsychotic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014150","descriptor_name":"Antipsychotic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014150","descriptor_name":"Antipsychotic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014635","descriptor_name":"Valproic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014635","descriptor_name":"Valproic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014635","descriptor_name":"Valproic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016651","descriptor_name":"Lithium Carbonate","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016651","descriptor_name":"Lithium Carbonate","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016651","descriptor_name":"Lithium Carbonate","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9294735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9294735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsy research. Supplement","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:37306237","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9294735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2418392086","https://openalex.org/W1989313585","https://openalex.org/W129902180","https://openalex.org/W2009659360","https://openalex.org/W2471820597","https://openalex.org/W89417624","https://openalex.org/W2430986695","https://openalex.org/W1505832555","https://openalex.org/W2111599382","https://openalex.org/W2425509696"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bipolar":[0],"affective":[1],"illness":[2,134,465,491],"represents":[3],"a":[4,48,114,129,281,335,368,375,388,399,467],"syndrome":[5],"not":[6,224,234,238,514],"readily":[7],"treated":[8],"by":[9],"single":[10],"agents.":[11],"Approximately":[12],"50%":[13],"of":[14,24,53,76,90,116,132,161,214,242,251,263,280,357,401,453,462,469,471,486,490],"patients":[15,25,82,91,103,127,171,440,511],"are":[16,38,88,93,148,297,442],"inadequately":[17,319],"responsive":[18,98,178,320,329],"to":[19,79,95,99,122,153,168,175,179,184,189,203,208,210,254,300,302,321,330,398,406,517],"lithium":[20,154,176,186,209,222,230,255],"and":[21,71,126,146,158,217,236,309,346,360,497,533,535],"the":[22,74,123,143,156,195,212,226,240,243,248,257,273,278,331,355,394,409,414,419,459,464,472,475,487],"majority":[23],"require":[26],"supplemental":[27],"antidepressants,":[28],"antimanic,":[29],"antipsychotic":[30],"or":[31,55,67,111,151,260,295,324,352,374,385,423],"hypnotic":[32],"medications.":[33],"These":[34,101],"traditional":[35],"adjunctive":[36],"medications":[37],"associated":[39,62],"with":[40,63,104,256,277,289,367,429,466,483],"potential":[41,460],"problems.":[42],"Antidepressants":[43],"may":[44,60,310,327],"precipitate":[45],"mania":[46],"(at":[47],"rate":[49],"about":[50],"double":[51],"that":[52,142,266,424,525],"placebo)":[54],"cause":[56],"cycle":[57],"acceleration.":[58],"Neuroleptics":[59],"be":[61,96,270,311,328,481,531],"either":[64,322],"more":[65,201],"profound":[66],"longer":[68],"depressive":[69,358],"phases,":[70],"clearly":[72],"increase":[73],"risk":[75,461],"tardive":[77],"dyskinesia,":[78],"which":[80],"bipolar":[81,133,162,307],"appear":[83],"particularly":[84],"predisposed.":[85],"Moreover,":[86],"there":[87],"subgroups":[89],"who":[92,172,317,441,512],"known":[94],"poorly":[97],"lithium.":[100],"include":[102],"rapid":[105],"cycling,":[106],"dysphoric":[107],"mania,":[108],"co-morbid":[109],"drug":[110],"alcohol":[112],"abuse,":[113],"pattern":[115],"depression-mania-well":[117],"interval":[118],"(D-M-I":[119],"as":[120,293,314,350,372,381],"opposed":[121],"M-D-I":[124],"pattern),":[125],"without":[128],"family":[130],"history":[131],"in":[135,155,187,272,284,305,354,417,439,456,474,509],"first-degree":[136],"relatives.":[137],"There":[138],"is":[139,199,223,523],"increasing":[140],"recognition":[141],"anticonvulsants":[144,258],"carbamazepine":[145,259,323,351],"valproate":[147,261,325],"effective":[149],"alternatives":[150],"adjuncts":[152,253,313],"acute":[157,252,275],"long-term":[159],"treatment":[160,356,499],"illness.":[163],"Ideally,":[164],"one":[165,338,470],"would":[166,233,237,436],"want":[167],"assess":[169,211],"whether":[170,408],"were":[173,177,318],"unresponsive":[174],"an":[180,205,347],"anticonvulsant":[181,190,206,290,332,348],"alone":[182,326],"prior":[183,488],"utilizing":[185],"addition":[188],"combination":[191,216,364,400],"therapy.":[192],"However,":[193],"from":[194],"clinical":[196,507],"perspective,":[197],"it":[198,403,522],"often":[200,298],"expedient":[202],"use":[204,250],"adjunctively":[207],"efficacy":[213,268],"this":[215,363,430,457,520],"establish":[218],"mood":[219],"stabilization.":[220],"When":[221],"discontinued,":[225],"increased":[227],"morbidity":[228],"during":[229],"withdrawal":[231],"also":[232,340],"occur":[235],"confound":[239],"evaluation":[241],"new":[244],"agent.":[245],"We":[246],"suggest":[247],"initial":[249],"(instead":[262],"neuroleptics)":[264],"so":[265],"their":[267],"can":[269,339,530],"assessed":[271],"individual's":[274],"episode,":[276],"likelihood":[279],"positive":[282],"response":[283],"longer-term":[285],"prophylaxis.":[286],"Hypnotic":[287],"benzodiazepines":[288],"properties,":[291],"such":[292,349,371,380],"clonazepam":[294],"lorazepam,":[296],"used":[299],"help":[301],"induce":[303],"sleep":[304],"escalating":[306],"patients,":[308],"useful":[312],"well.":[315],"Patients":[316],"combination.":[333],"In":[334,519],"similar":[336],"fashion,":[337,521],"utilize":[341],"several":[342],"mood-stabilizing":[343],"drugs":[344,473],"(lithium":[345],"valproate)":[353],"breakthroughs,":[359],"then":[361],"augment":[362],"(if":[365],"necessary)":[366],"catecholamine-active":[369],"antidepressant":[370],"bupropion":[373],"serotonin-selective":[376],"reuptake":[377],"inhibitor":[378,391],"(SSRI)":[379],"fluoxetine,":[382],"paroxetine,":[383],"sertraline":[384],"if":[386],"necessary":[387],"monoamine":[389],"oxidase":[390],"(MAOI).":[392],"Once":[393],"patient":[395,420],"has":[396],"responded":[397,516],"drugs,":[402],"becomes":[404],"problematic":[405],"decide":[407],"last":[410],"agent":[411,431],"added":[412],"was":[413],"crucial":[415],"ingredient":[416],"helping":[418],"achieve":[421],"remission":[422,425],"might":[426],"have":[427,437,513],"occurred":[428],"alone.":[432],"A":[433],"conservative":[434],"approach":[435],"merit":[438],"finally":[443],"stabilized":[444],"on":[445],"complex":[446],"polypharmacy":[447,478],"regimens":[448],"only":[449],"after":[450],"many":[451],"years":[452],"sequential":[454,506],"trials;":[455],"instance,":[458],"re-exacerbating":[463],"taper":[468],"regimen.":[476],"Rational":[477],"should":[479],"thus":[480],"implemented":[482],"careful":[484],"delineation":[485],"course":[489],"(typically":[492],"using":[493,505],"life":[494],"chart":[495],"methodology)":[496],"targeted":[498],"outcomes":[500],"titrated":[501],"against":[502],"side":[503,536],"effects,":[504],"trials":[508],"individual":[510],"adequately":[515],"monotherapy.":[518],"hoped":[524],"pharmacodynamic":[526],"differences":[527],"among":[528],"agents":[529],"maximized":[532],"pharmacokinetic":[534],"effects":[537],"minimized.":[538]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
