{"id":"https://openalex.org/W37212375","doi":null,"title":"Hard decisions: a perspective on energy realities","display_name":"Hard decisions: a perspective on energy realities","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W37212375","mag":"37212375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:37212375","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5808595-hard-decisions-perspective-energy-realities","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509442","display_name":"Energy User News; (United States)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energy User News; (United States)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010477984","display_name":"John E. Swearingen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Swearingen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010477984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12129","display_name":"Global Energy Security and Policy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2100","display_name":"General Energy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12129","display_name":"Global Energy Security and Policy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2100","display_name":"General Energy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12639","display_name":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-policy","display_name":"energy policy","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crude-oil-imports","display_name":"crude oil imports","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-prices","display_name":"oil prices","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-conservation","display_name":"fuel consumption reduction","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-substitution","display_name":"fuel switching","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-energy-sources","display_name":"alternative energy","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-oil-production","display_name":"domestic oil production","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-security","display_name":"national security","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-ownership","display_name":"resource ownership","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-democracy","display_name":"workplace democracy","score":0.7860000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5959854125976562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5577321648597717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.5413640737533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5096936225891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4792052209377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.4680594801902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131046424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805337","display_name":"Energy policy","level":3,"score":0.4566769003868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.4558384418487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.41417601704597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.38233375549316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.373141884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22555336356163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.1601678431034088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1455988585948944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1296999752521515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08701235055923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:37212375","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5808595-hard-decisions-perspective-energy-realities","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509442","display_name":"Energy User News; (United States)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energy User News; (United States)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8485000133514404}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W209407419","https://openalex.org/W1549142192","https://openalex.org/W1568201516","https://openalex.org/W1597981420","https://openalex.org/W1677347385","https://openalex.org/W1755354073","https://openalex.org/W1911332789","https://openalex.org/W1964984267","https://openalex.org/W1988427230","https://openalex.org/W1995386821","https://openalex.org/W2008328759","https://openalex.org/W2009313389","https://openalex.org/W2027414985","https://openalex.org/W2033950830","https://openalex.org/W2040766929","https://openalex.org/W2050182474","https://openalex.org/W2070982694","https://openalex.org/W2099672397","https://openalex.org/W2102896493","https://openalex.org/W2110205395","https://openalex.org/W2119202692","https://openalex.org/W2140622037","https://openalex.org/W2153809026","https://openalex.org/W2157861433","https://openalex.org/W2163816695","https://openalex.org/W2166485029","https://openalex.org/W2169690527","https://openalex.org/W2174924180","https://openalex.org/W2195699286","https://openalex.org/W2508727139","https://openalex.org/W2568181765","https://openalex.org/W2759114341","https://openalex.org/W2802278535","https://openalex.org/W2806190204","https://openalex.org/W2889489537","https://openalex.org/W2904552310","https://openalex.org/W2936101281","https://openalex.org/W2944347281","https://openalex.org/W2972513999","https://openalex.org/W2983698567","https://openalex.org/W3021257581","https://openalex.org/W3025297729","https://openalex.org/W3111592421","https://openalex.org/W3141699530","https://openalex.org/W3175523064","https://openalex.org/W3203198473","https://openalex.org/W3209321394","https://openalex.org/W6879037577","https://openalex.org/W6941382492","https://openalex.org/W6967421099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W136379110","https://openalex.org/W128088125","https://openalex.org/W2278913130","https://openalex.org/W1969493426","https://openalex.org/W2560972413","https://openalex.org/W2022293706","https://openalex.org/W2294739843","https://openalex.org/W2229690190","https://openalex.org/W12251735","https://openalex.org/W4228451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Short-term":[0],"political":[1],"considerations,":[2,16],"which":[3,46,100],"prevented":[4],"the":[5,22,43,53,60,63,78,85,92],"country":[6],"from":[7],"forming":[8],"a":[9],"long-term":[10],"energy":[11,112],"policy":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14],"economic":[15],"have":[17],"brought":[18],"us":[19],"closer":[20],"to":[21,34,45],"point":[23],"where":[24],"hard":[25],"decisions":[26,40],"must":[27],"be":[28,50],"made":[29],"if":[30],"industrial":[31],"democracy":[32],"is":[33,91],"flourish":[35],"or":[36,73],"even":[37],"survive.":[38],"These":[39],"primarily":[41],"concern":[42],"extent":[44],"crude":[47],"oil":[48,81,89],"should":[49],"imported":[51],"and":[52,62,103,110],"implications":[54],"this":[55],"has":[56],"for":[57],"national":[58],"security,":[59],"economy,":[61],"ownership":[64],"of":[65,80,87,107],"resources.":[66],"The":[67],"author":[68],"predicts":[69],"that":[70],"only":[71],"conservation":[72,102],"fuel":[74],"substitutions":[75],"will":[76],"slow":[77],"rise":[79],"prices,":[82],"but":[83],"feels":[84],"uncertainties":[86],"external":[88],"supplies":[90],"overriding":[93],"issue.":[94],"He":[95],"outlines":[96],"several":[97],"basic":[98],"steps,":[99],"include":[101],"increased":[104],"domestic":[105],"production":[106],"conventional":[108],"fuels":[109],"alternative":[111],"sources.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
