{"id":"https://openalex.org/W370901161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","title":"Animating culture: Hollywood cartoons from the sound era","display_name":"Animating culture: Hollywood cartoons from the sound era","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W370901161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","mag":"370901161"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.31-1431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"03","first_page":"31","last_page":"1431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12803","display_name":"Cinema History and Criticism","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12803","display_name":"Cinema History and Criticism","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10758","display_name":"Cinema and Media Studies","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13334","display_name":"South Asian Cinema and Culture","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animated-short-film","display_name":"animated short film","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-walt-disney-company","display_name":"Disney","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warner-bros","display_name":"Warner Bros.","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mgm","display_name":"MGM","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betty-boop","display_name":"Betty Boop","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/donald-duck","display_name":"Donald Duck","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minnie-mouse","display_name":"Minnie Mouse","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-representation","display_name":"gender representation","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-relations","display_name":"class relations","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/censorship","display_name":"censorship","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperialism","display_name":"imperialism","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor","display_name":"labor","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexuality","display_name":"sexuality","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-cartoons","display_name":"political cartoons","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/studio-system","display_name":"studio system","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-exhibition","display_name":"film exhibition","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audience-reception","display_name":"audience reception","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-entertainment","display_name":"children's entertainment","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780458788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5882564","display_name":"Hollywood","level":2,"score":0.8612231016159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.6028689742088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45012715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746628","display_name":"Studio","level":2,"score":0.519485354423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.4868740141391754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96089941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131265","display_name":"Popular culture","level":2,"score":0.4814850091934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52930066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543","display_name":"Censorship","level":2,"score":0.4564814567565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4463801681995392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.41270050406455994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3975772261619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.39173972606658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.383304238319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3227681517601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.16930240392684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1622847318649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1528521180152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.31-1431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.31-1431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7172426227","https://openalex.org/W4389587063","https://openalex.org/W2338840949","https://openalex.org/W7045089616","https://openalex.org/W4235868521","https://openalex.org/W4213263152","https://openalex.org/W7132256799","https://openalex.org/W2792755149","https://openalex.org/W4246152165","https://openalex.org/W3210643835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long":[0],"considered":[1],"children's":[2],"entertainment":[3],"by":[4,43],"audiences":[5],"and":[6,23,51,61,69,100,129,173,175,184,203,215,221,242,252,257,260],"popular":[7],"media,":[8],"Hollywood":[9,45,254],"animation":[10,208],"has":[11],"received":[12],"little":[13],"serious":[14],"attention.":[15],"Eric":[16],"Smoodin's":[17,188],"Animating":[18],"Culture":[19],"is":[20],"the":[21,29,70,107,113,120,167,178,185,191,201,222,228,235,238,247,253],"first":[22],"only":[24],"book":[25],"to":[26,106,137,146,233],"thoroughly":[27],"analyze":[28],"animated":[30,67,160],"short":[31],"film.":[32,64],"Usually":[33],"running":[34],"about":[35,97,149],"seven":[36],"or":[37],"eight":[38],"minutes,":[39],"cartoons":[40,77,104,135,199,251,259],"were":[41,76,103,119],"made":[42],"major":[44],"studios--such":[46],"as":[47,163],"MGM,":[48],"Warner":[49],"Bros.,":[50],"Disney--and":[52],"shown":[53],"at":[54],"movie":[55],"theaters":[56],"along":[57],"with":[58,210,227],"a":[59,62,138,196],"newsreel":[60],"feature-length":[63],"Smoodin":[65,132,245],"explores":[66],"shorta":[68],"system":[71],"that":[72,134,207],"mass-produced":[73],"them.":[74],"How":[75,81,102],"exhibited":[78],"in":[79,157,166,177,195,240],"theaters?":[80],"did":[82,88,94,143],"they":[83,89,95,110],"tell":[84,90],"their":[85,261],"stories?":[86],"Who":[87],"them":[91],"to?":[92],"What":[93,118],"say":[96],"race,":[98],"class,":[99],"gender?":[101],"related":[105],"feature":[108],"films":[109],"accompanied":[111],"on":[112],"evening's":[114],"bill":[115],"of":[116,123,159,180,190,198,219,237],"fare?":[117],"social":[121,164],"functions":[122],"cartoon":[124,186,239],"stars":[125],"like":[126],"Donald":[127],"Duck":[128],"Minnie":[130],"Mouse?":[131],"argues":[133],"appealed":[136],"wide":[139],"audience--not":[140],"just":[141],"children--and":[142],"indeed":[144],"contribute":[145],"public":[147],"debate":[148],"political":[150,241],"matters.":[151],"He":[152],"examines":[153],"issues":[154],"often":[155],"ignored":[156],"discussions":[158],"film--issues":[161],"such":[162],"control":[165],"U.S.":[168,229],"army's":[169],"Private":[170],"Snafu":[171],"cartoons,":[172],"sexuality":[174],"race":[176],"sites":[179],"Betty":[181],"Boop's":[182],"body":[183],"harem.":[187],"analysis":[189],"multiple":[192],"discourses":[193],"embedded":[194],"variety":[197],"reveals":[200,246],"complex":[202,248],"sometimes":[204],"contradictory":[205],"ways":[206],"dealt":[209],"class":[211],"relations,":[212],"labor,":[213],"imperialism,":[214],"censorship.":[216],"His":[217],"discussion":[218],"Disney":[220,223],"Studio's":[224],"close":[225],"ties":[226],"government":[230],"forces":[231],"us":[232],"rethink":[234],"place":[236],"cultural":[243],"life.":[244],"relationship":[249],"between":[250,258],"studio":[255],"system,":[256],"audiences.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
