{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3686796","doi":null,"title":"Access to Mathematics by Blind Students: A Global Problem","display_name":"Access to Mathematics by Blind Students: A Global Problem","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3686796","mag":"3686796"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.usfca.edu:at-1011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/at/13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Business Analytics and Information Systems","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078689739","display_name":"Arthur I. Karshmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","display_name":"University of San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/029m7xn54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arthur I. Karshmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of San Francisco#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of San Francisco#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078689739"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0892,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8747738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.5922999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.5922999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.13439999520778656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.11129999905824661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blind-students","display_name":"blind students","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visually-impaired-students","display_name":"visually impaired students","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assistive-technology","display_name":"assistive technology","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-education","display_name":"STEM education","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accessible-mathematics","display_name":"accessible mathematics","score":0.31700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.7455601692199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5210446715354919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778535757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1328864","display_name":"Screen reader","level":3,"score":0.4748777747154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020106864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Visually impaired","level":2,"score":0.4729998707771301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.342939555644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3359676003456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2950595021247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18974089622497559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.16520407795906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14581891894340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.11954137682914734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.usfca.edu:at-1011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/at/13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Business Analytics and Information Systems","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:faacb49cdcf44bdcb33e09f2914608be","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/faacb49cdcf44bdcb33e09f2914608be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, Vol 5, Iss 6, Pp 77-81 (2007)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:3686796","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.iiisci.org/journal/CV$/sci/pdfs/S033NB.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.7567999958992004,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229901907","https://openalex.org/W1849800695","https://openalex.org/W2160087252","https://openalex.org/W2164737198","https://openalex.org/W2470354425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W110501005","https://openalex.org/W331881926","https://openalex.org/W2018313405","https://openalex.org/W2124177971","https://openalex.org/W2160087252","https://openalex.org/W1476619118","https://openalex.org/W115894158","https://openalex.org/W2150663209","https://openalex.org/W3157156019","https://openalex.org/W1529053755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,9,24,44,65],"the":[2,7,10,22,34,42,50,59,66,82],"greatest":[3],"stumbling":[4],"blocks":[5],"in":[6,15,70],"ability":[8],"blind":[11],"to":[12,26,48,76],"enter":[13],"careers":[14],"science,":[16],"technology,":[17],"engineering":[18],"or":[19],"mathematics":[20],"is":[21],"paucity":[23],"tools":[25,47],"help":[27,49],"them":[28],"read":[29,54],"and":[30,55,73],"write":[31,56],"equations.":[32,57],"Over":[33],"years":[35],"there":[36],"have":[37],"been":[38],"numersous":[39],"projects":[40],"with":[41],"goal":[43],"building":[45],"special":[46],"visually":[51],"impaired":[52],"student":[53],"In":[58],"current":[60],"work,":[61],"we":[62],"describe":[63],"some":[64],"most":[67],"interesting":[68],"work":[69],"this":[71],"domain":[72],"then":[74],"attempt":[75],"make":[77],"recommendations":[78],"and/or":[79],"predictions":[80],"about":[81],"future.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
