{"id":"https://openalex.org/W36729214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","title":"Immunologic Characteristics of Cytokines in Otitis Media with Effusion","display_name":"Immunologic Characteristics of Cytokines in Otitis Media with Effusion","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W36729214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","mag":"36729214","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1416648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0003489492101s1006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174332447","display_name":"Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology","issn_l":"0003-4894","issn":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108593652","display_name":"Tetsuo Himi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuo Himi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106132906","display_name":"Toshio Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-0466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-0466"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshio Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063210817","display_name":"Hiroyuki Takezawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2752-1211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2752-1211"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Takezawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hiroyuki Kodama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Kodama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000071009","display_name":"Akikatsu Kataura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akikatsu Kataura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108593652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8804,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83055864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"10_suppl","first_page":"21","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10861","display_name":"Ear Surgery and Otitis Media","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10861","display_name":"Ear Surgery and Otitis Media","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14326","display_name":"Ear and Head Tumors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12297","display_name":"Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/otitis-media-with-effusion","display_name":"otitis media with effusion","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-ear-effusion","display_name":"middle ear effusion","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1beta","display_name":"IL-1\u03b2","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1-alpha","display_name":"interleukin-1 alpha","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gm-csf","display_name":"GM-CSF","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-otitis-media","display_name":"chronic otitis media","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/otitis-media","display_name":"otitis media","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-cell-infiltration","display_name":"inflammatory cell infiltration","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.3610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163430725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424532","display_name":"Effusion","level":2,"score":0.7582661509513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776439223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q480700","display_name":"Otitis","level":2,"score":0.7559068202972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7045751810073853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.5897722244262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164027704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491837","display_name":"Proinflammatory cytokine","level":3,"score":0.5682985782623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777846895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501553","display_name":"Middle ear","level":2,"score":0.5321611166000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194908","display_name":"Interleukin","level":3,"score":0.5247153043746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5097355246543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777983669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223143","display_name":"Granulocyte","level":2,"score":0.48062771558761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150173356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6144101","display_name":"Serous fluid","level":2,"score":0.4411669671535492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908979688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223254","display_name":"Acute otitis media","level":3,"score":0.4177318811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.36325132846832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3380195200443268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.29651299118995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.05251285433769226}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000208","descriptor_name":"Acute Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007375","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010034","descriptor_name":"Otitis Media with Effusion","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010034","descriptor_name":"Otitis Media with Effusion","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010035","descriptor_name":"Otitis Media, Suppurative","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010035","descriptor_name":"Otitis Media, Suppurative","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014409","descriptor_name":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016178","descriptor_name":"Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0003489492101s1006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489492101s1006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174332447","display_name":"Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology","issn_l":"0003-4894","issn":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1416648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1416648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology & laryngology. Supplement","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000014","https://openalex.org/W1557653296","https://openalex.org/W1925334814","https://openalex.org/W1966286149","https://openalex.org/W2006819223","https://openalex.org/W2054946013","https://openalex.org/W2073977304","https://openalex.org/W2089300161","https://openalex.org/W2158528246","https://openalex.org/W2410540919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066192340","https://openalex.org/W1975749253","https://openalex.org/W2054946013","https://openalex.org/W2315005597","https://openalex.org/W1970951606","https://openalex.org/W1980730246","https://openalex.org/W2125221360","https://openalex.org/W2088569496","https://openalex.org/W2114461136","https://openalex.org/W2025714061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Levels":[0],"of":[1,21,47,57,81,87,92,124,147,187],"cytokines,":[2,167],"interleukin":[3],"(IL)-1":[4],"alpha,":[5],"IL-1":[6,95,99,125,169],"beta,":[7,170],"tumor":[8],"necrosis":[9],"factor":[10,15,194],"(TNF),":[11],"and":[12,96,112],"granulocyte-macrophage":[13],"colony-stimulating":[14],"(GM-CSF)":[16],"were":[17,68],"investigated":[18],"in":[19,73,75,78,105,110,130,135,189,195],"samples":[20],"the":[22,48,84,121,131,175,184],"middle":[23,176],"ear":[24,45,177],"effusions":[25,46],"(MEEs)":[26],"from":[27],"144":[28],"ears":[29],"with":[30,33,60,153,159],"otitis":[31,155,161],"media":[32,156],"effusion":[34],"(OME)":[35],"by":[36,41,178],"enzyme-linked":[37],"immunosorbent":[38],"assay,":[39],"followed":[40],"cytologic":[42,119],"analysis.":[43],"Middle":[44],"acute":[49,106,154],"purulent":[50,107],"type":[51],"contained":[52],"a":[53,193],"significantly":[54,102,128],"higher":[55,90,103,129],"concentration":[56],"cytokines":[58,188],"compared":[59],"normal":[61],"control":[62],"sera":[63],"(p":[64,115,138],"<":[65,116,139],".001).":[66],"Cytokines":[67,141],"observed":[69],"at":[70,83],"lower":[71],"levels":[72,91],"MEE":[74,88,190],"adults":[76],"than":[77,94,109,134],"children.":[79],"Tests":[80],"children":[82],"chronic":[85,160],"stage":[86],"showed":[89,101,165],"TNF":[93],"GM-CSF.":[97],"Meanwhile,":[98],"beta":[100,126],"concentrations":[104],"types":[108,114],"serous":[111],"mucoid":[113],".01).":[117],"In":[118],"analysis,":[120],"mean":[122],"level":[123],"was":[127],"neutrophil-rich":[132],"group":[133],"other":[136],"groups":[137],".05).":[140],"possess":[142],"several":[143],"biologic":[144],"properties,":[145],"some":[146],"which":[148],"are":[149],"associated":[150],"not":[151],"only":[152],"but":[157],"also":[158],"media.":[162],"This":[163,181],"study":[164],"that":[166,183],"especially":[168],"contribute":[171],"to":[172],"infiltration":[173],"into":[174],"inflammatory":[179],"cells.":[180],"implies":[182],"persistent":[185],"presence":[186],"could":[191],"be":[192],"prolonged":[196],"OME.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
