{"id":"https://openalex.org/W36130422","doi":null,"title":"Updating the FAPE Standard under IDEA","display_name":"Updating the FAPE Standard under IDEA","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W36130422","mag":"36130422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.sc.edu:jled-2895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/jled/vol37/iss3/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401386","display_name":"Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","host_organization_name":"University of South Carolina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Law and Education","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069273879","display_name":"Dixie Snow Huefner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dixie Snow Huefner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069273879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.9624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98192766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"3","first_page":"367","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14017","display_name":"Legal Issues in Education","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14017","display_name":"Legal Issues in Education","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-appropriate-public-education","display_name":"free appropriate public education","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individuals-with-disabilities-education-act","display_name":"Individuals with Disabilities Education Act","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education-law","display_name":"special education law","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualized-education-program","display_name":"individualized education program","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iep-goals","display_name":"IEP goals","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-safeguards","display_name":"procedural guarantees","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idea-amendments","display_name":"IDEA amendments","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deaf-students","display_name":"deaf students","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language-interpreters","display_name":"sign language interpreters","score":0.6340000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.8956255912780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17319257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21189184","display_name":"Statute","level":2,"score":0.7572391033172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.7108182907104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779204856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779439","display_name":"Statutory interpretation","level":3,"score":0.6313790082931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778381420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2911325","display_name":"Individualized Education Program","level":3,"score":0.6088000535964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779160553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137223","display_name":"Equal Protection Clause","level":3,"score":0.5244731903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158129432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7766927","display_name":"Statutory law","level":2,"score":0.5220415592193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47855350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6738447","display_name":"Majority opinion","level":3,"score":0.4727362394332886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.450277715921402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122783720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183065","display_name":"Interpreter","level":2,"score":0.44790220260620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28858896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212105","display_name":"Special education","level":2,"score":0.4239605665206909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4225127696990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87501996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864400","display_name":"Original jurisdiction","level":3,"score":0.4134100675582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3440432548522949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24932906031608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09579771757125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.sc.edu:jled-2895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/jled/vol37/iss3/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401386","display_name":"Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","host_organization_name":"University of South Carolina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Law and Education","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:36130422","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1519076761/updating-the-fape-standard-under-idea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764888445","display_name":"The Journal of Law of Education","issn_l":"1226-301X","issn":["1226-301X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4363602898","host_organization_name":"Jefferson Law Book Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4363602898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Jefferson Law Book Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Law of Education","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47620001435279846,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643936884","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2020MF028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4343544516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82072014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G442882540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G745479205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFE010670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1961319355","https://openalex.org/W1571509018","https://openalex.org/W4244922060","https://openalex.org/W576851504","https://openalex.org/W2922201637","https://openalex.org/W107744586","https://openalex.org/W200259051","https://openalex.org/W6987543739","https://openalex.org/W118372301","https://openalex.org/W227960343"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,77,209,278,314,343,584],"1982":[1,51],"decision":[2,27,57,172,345,407],"of":[3,11,13,42,80,83,90,104,120,130,134,155,473,479,505,512,524,531,596,608],"the":[4,23,29,40,43,56,81,102,105,109,118,127,138,153,174,213,219,233,235,274,284,300,308,362,365,379,405,410,428,431,440,446,468,471,482,507,510,522,541,562,592,609],"United":[5],"States":[6],"Supreme":[7,175,214,236],"Court":[8,215,237,315,363,469],"in":[9,71,88,95,108,132,205,212,257,263,339,399,404,435,444,462,494,604],"Board":[10],"Education":[12,33,41,441],"Hendrick":[14],"Hudson":[15],"Central":[16],"School":[17],"District":[18],"v.":[19],"Rowley]":[20],"arguably":[21],"remains":[22],"Court's":[24,78,279,344,406,483],"most":[25,558],"important":[26,114],"under":[28,232],"Individuals":[30],"with":[31,60,167,226,265,382,419,453,529],"Disabilities":[32],"Act":[34,45],"(IDEA)":[35],"(known":[36],"until":[37],"1990":[38],"as":[39],"Handicapped":[44],"or":[46,168,352,582],"EHA).":[47],"Between":[48],"June":[49],"27,":[50],"and":[52,73,97,157,195,335,385,391,456,565,575,617],"January":[53],"24,":[54],"2008":[55],"was":[58,143,187,191,217,221,295,303,319,332,356,369,393,417,459,515,573,601],"cited":[59],"reference":[61],"to":[62,93,137,202,223,242,251,272,297,306,310,413,421,439,488,500,518,539,547],"a":[63,188,199,292,323,376,436,503,622,626],"free":[64],"appropriate":[65,245],"public":[66,246],"education":[67,247,268,372,465,476],"(FAPE)":[68],"1095":[69],"times":[70],"federal":[72],"state":[74],"court":[75,159,552],"decisions.2":[76],"interpretation":[79,129],"meaning":[82,154],"FAPE":[84,131,156,240,321,620],"has":[85,111],"remained":[86,113],"dominant":[87],"spite":[89],"relevant":[91],"changes":[92,136,150,164],"IDEA":[94],"1997":[96],"2004.":[98],"Its":[99],"ruling":[100],"about":[101],"role":[103,294],"procedural":[106,286,454],"safeguards":[107,287],"statute":[110,140],"also":[112],"but":[115,555],"is":[116],"not":[117,347,625],"subject":[119],"this":[121],"article.":[122],"This":[123],"article":[124],"will":[125,146],"re-examine":[126],"Rowley":[128,142,186],"light":[133],"substantive":[135],"underlying":[139],"since":[141],"decided.":[144],"It":[145],"argue":[147],"that":[148,158,244,317,367,409,496,567,576,619],"those":[149,163,359],"have":[151],"modified":[152],"decisions":[160,612],"should":[161,578],"reflect":[162],"more":[165],"uniformly,":[166],"without":[169,322],"an":[170,266,614],"updated":[171],"by":[173,588],"Court.":[176],"I.":[177],"A":[178],"QUICK":[179],"REVIEW":[180],"OF":[181],"THE":[182],"ROWLEY":[183],"DECISION":[184],"Amy":[185,225,318,368,416,458],"child":[189,309],"who":[190],"deaf":[192,380],"from":[193,375,388],"birth":[194],"whose":[196],"parents":[197],"sought":[198],"sign-language":[200],"interpreter":[201,220,326],"aid":[203],"her":[204,206,340,389,400,422,463,480],"first-grade":[207,341,401],"classroom.":[208,342,402,466],"primary":[210],"issue":[211],"case":[216,231,545],"whether":[218,299,354,506,591],"needed":[222],"provide":[224],"FAPE.":[227,520],"In":[228],"its":[229,513],"first":[230],"thenEHA,":[234],"interpreted":[238],"statutory":[239],"language":[241,325,586],"mean":[243],"required":[248,259,594,621],"meaningful":[249],"access":[250],"publicly":[252],"financed":[253],"special":[254,371,475],"education,":[255],"which,":[256],"turn,":[258],"personalized":[260],"instruction":[261],"delivered":[262],"conformity":[264],"individualized":[267],"program":[269],"(IEP)":[270],"designed":[271],"meet":[273,540],"child's":[275],"educational":[276,312,484,534],"needs.":[277],"holding":[280],"specified":[281],"that,":[282],"if":[283],"statute's":[285],"had":[288,546,598],"been":[289,599],"complied":[290],"with,":[291],"court's":[293],"simply":[296],"ascertain":[298,414],"student's":[301,563],"IEP":[302,350,423,564,571],"reasonably":[516],"calculated":[305,517],"enable":[307],"receive":[311],"benefits.3":[313],"concluded":[316,618],"receiving":[320,370],"sign":[324],"because,":[327],"among":[328],"other":[329],"things,":[330],"she":[331,355,392],"well":[333,337],"adjusted":[334],"performing":[336,418],"academically":[338],"did":[346],"list":[348],"Amy's":[349,474],"goals":[351,572],"assess":[353],"progressing":[357],"toward":[358,570],"goals.":[360,424],"Rather,":[361],"emphasized":[364],"fact":[366],"services":[373],"(instruction":[374],"teacher":[377],"for":[378,430,502],"along":[381],"speech":[383],"therapy)":[384],"professional":[386],"consideration":[387],"teachers,":[390],"easily":[394],"achieving":[395],"above":[396],"average":[397],"grades":[398],"Nothing":[403],"indicates":[408],"justices":[411],"attempted":[412],"how":[457],"respect":[420],"As":[425],"Raymond":[426],"Kuntz,":[427],"attorney":[429],"school":[432],"district,":[433],"mentioned":[434],"keynote":[437],"presentation":[438],"Law":[442],"Association":[443],"2006,4":[445],"Court,":[447],"during":[448],"oral":[449],"argument,":[450],"seemed":[451],"concerned":[452],"regularity":[455],"doing":[460],"overall":[461],"general":[464],"Although":[467],"judged":[470],"appropriateness":[472],"after":[477],"implementation":[478],"IEP,":[481,508],"benefit":[485,535],"standard":[486],"appeared":[487,499],"be":[489,537,548,579],"prospective":[490],"rather":[491],"than":[492],"retrospective":[493],"nature;":[495],"is,":[497],"it":[498],"ask":[501],"determination":[504],"at":[509,561],"time":[511],"development,":[514],"deliver":[519],"After":[521],"precedent":[523],"Rowley,":[525],"lower":[526],"courts":[527,559],"struggled":[528],"determinations":[530],"much":[533],"would":[536],"enough":[538],"new":[542],"standard.":[543],"Each":[544],"considered":[549],"individually.":[550],"Lower":[551],"standards":[553],"varied,":[554],"over":[556],"time,":[557],"looked":[560],"decided":[566],"trivial":[568],"progress":[569,577,597],"insufficient":[574],"meaningful,":[580],"satisfactory,":[581],"adequate.5":[583],"actual":[585],"varied":[587],"circuit.":[589],"Determining":[590],"judicially":[593],"extent":[595],"met":[600],"quite":[602],"subjective":[603],"many":[605],"respects.":[606],"One":[607],"best":[610],"known":[611],"used":[613],"automobile":[615],"analogy":[616],"serviceable":[623],"Chevrolet,":[624],"Cadillac.":[627],"\u2026":[628]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}