{"id":"https://openalex.org/W35023594","doi":null,"title":"Nigeria's youth at risk.","display_name":"Nigeria's youth at risk.","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W35023594","mag":"35023594","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12317498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:12317498","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12317498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Africa health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112078750","display_name":"SA Igwe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S A Igwe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112078750"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00400039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"45","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.5663999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.5663999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10327","display_name":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","score":0.27079999446868896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13805","display_name":"Adolescent Health and Behaviors","score":0.10270000249147415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-risk-behavior","display_name":"youth risk behavior","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescent-smoking","display_name":"adolescent smoking","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illicit-drug-use","display_name":"illicit drug use","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis","display_name":"cannabis","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heroin","display_name":"heroin","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-advertising","display_name":"tobacco advertising","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-and-community-support","display_name":"family and community support","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-transmission","display_name":"HIV transmission","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b","display_name":"hepatitis B","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescent-sexual-behavior","display_name":"adolescent sexual behavior","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rivers-state","display_name":"Rivers State","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bendel-state","display_name":"Bendel State","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6838363409042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5691430568695068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79817","display_name":"Cannabis","level":2,"score":0.5565968155860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4986104965209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5873","display_name":"Sexual intercourse","level":3,"score":0.4831061363220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44670240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1299714","display_name":"Habit","level":2,"score":0.4814319312572479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4731862545013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.43776410818099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.43307486176490784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.42734140157699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.32898569107055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2970595955848694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.24916008114814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.20070374011993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1620008647441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1061599850654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000329","descriptor_name":"Advertising","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000349","descriptor_name":"Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000354","descriptor_name":"Africa, Western","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000569","descriptor_name":"Americas","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001695","descriptor_name":"Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003710","descriptor_name":"Demography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004467","descriptor_name":"Economics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008389","descriptor_name":"Marketing of Health Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008402","descriptor_name":"Mass Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009026","descriptor_name":"Mortality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009549","descriptor_name":"Nigeria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009656","descriptor_name":"North America","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011153","descriptor_name":"Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011154","descriptor_name":"Population Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011157","descriptor_name":"Population Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015819","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse, Intravenous","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017954","descriptor_name":"Africa South of the Sahara","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019049","descriptor_name":"Developed Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:12317498","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12317498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Africa health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2285687575","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.popline.org/node/320284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765057898","display_name":"Africa health","issn_l":"0141-9536","issn":["0141-9536"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Africa health","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:35023594","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12317498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971759123","https://openalex.org/W2112891866","https://openalex.org/W3109027388","https://openalex.org/W2142880941","https://openalex.org/W3040703007","https://openalex.org/W2983334921","https://openalex.org/W3015450903","https://openalex.org/W2036623918","https://openalex.org/W2103255868","https://openalex.org/W2893851071","https://openalex.org/W2067652191","https://openalex.org/W2779793938","https://openalex.org/W2954734682","https://openalex.org/W1882495332","https://openalex.org/W2945394191","https://openalex.org/W269067638","https://openalex.org/W3041838329","https://openalex.org/W2346067505","https://openalex.org/W3034007578","https://openalex.org/W3000031917","https://openalex.org/W1977192994","https://openalex.org/W3038457898","https://openalex.org/W2081707238","https://openalex.org/W1949222810","https://openalex.org/W2331393505","https://openalex.org/W3011865117","https://openalex.org/W2756026753","https://openalex.org/W3033985247","https://openalex.org/W2011437388","https://openalex.org/W3038934080","https://openalex.org/W2754799758","https://openalex.org/W2043284725","https://openalex.org/W2144836868","https://openalex.org/W2809576753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3158257778","https://openalex.org/W3087686945","https://openalex.org/W2971110635","https://openalex.org/W7096544368","https://openalex.org/W4391451387","https://openalex.org/W2068066100","https://openalex.org/W7027885418","https://openalex.org/W4400101056","https://openalex.org/W2728469042","https://openalex.org/W7099571842"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Improved":[0],"family":[1],"and":[2,18,72,75,86,100,108,185,192,199,256,269,275,287],"community":[3,288],"support":[4],"would":[5],"prevent":[6,294],"many":[7],"youth":[8,107],"in":[9,37,45,56,155,224,248,253],"Nigeria":[10,110,122,227],"from":[11],"risk":[12,296],"behavior":[13,66],"including":[14],"drinking":[15],"alcohol,":[16],"smoking,":[17],"using":[19,197],"illicit":[20],"drugs.":[21],"In":[22,121],"Rivers":[23],"State,":[24,39],"70%":[25],"of":[26,41,54,117,251,262,267],"secondary":[27],"students":[28],"have":[29,84,113],"had":[30],"at":[31],"least":[32],"1":[33],"alcoholic":[34],"drink.":[35],"Further,":[36],"Bendel":[38],"13%":[40],"15-19":[42],"year":[43],"olds":[44],"the":[46,57,104,190,212,237],"coastal":[47],"region":[48],"drink":[49,80],"alcohol":[50,60,118,193,276],"compared":[51],"with":[52,95,106],"75%":[53],"those":[55],"hinterland.":[58],"Since":[59],"affects":[61],"good":[62],"judgment":[63],"skills,":[64],"this":[65],"is":[67,93,131,219,265],"especially":[68,204],"risky":[69],"during":[70,91],"rituals":[71],"social":[73],"activities":[74],"causes":[76],"accidents.":[77],"Youth":[78,202],"who":[79],"are":[81,203,278],"likely":[82,279],"to":[83,119,206,236,280,291,293],"unplanned":[85],"unprotected":[87],"sexual":[88],"intercourse.":[89],"Drinking":[90],"pregnancy":[92],"associated":[94],"miscarriages,":[96],"low":[97,178],"birth":[98,101,179],"weight,":[99,180],"defects.":[102],"Despite":[103],"problems":[105],"drinking,":[109],"does":[111],"not":[112,160],"law":[114],"restricting":[115],"sales":[116],"youth.":[120,299],"smoking":[123,154],"was":[124],"once":[125],"predominantly":[126],"a":[127,231,242],"male":[128],"habit":[129,142],"but":[130],"now":[132],"increasing":[133],"quickly":[134],"among":[135,221,298],"women.":[136],"Most":[137],"smokers":[138],"1st":[139],"begin":[140],"their":[141],"when":[143],"18":[144],"years":[145],"old.":[146],"Even":[147],"thought":[148],"he":[149],"Nigerian":[150],"government":[151],"has":[152,159,165],"restricted":[153],"public":[156],"places,":[157],"it":[158],"yet":[161],"been":[162],"effective.":[163],"Smoking":[164],"numerous":[166],"negative":[167],"effects":[168],"such":[169],"as":[170,230,239,241],"lung":[171],"cancer,":[172],"other":[173],"cancers,":[174],"shorter":[175],"life":[176],"spans,":[177],"prematurity,":[181],"higher":[182],"perinatal":[183],"mortality,":[184],"more":[186],"labor":[187],"complications.":[188],"Moreover":[189],"tobacco":[191],"companies":[194],"advertise":[195],"widely":[196],"ingenious":[198],"persuasive":[200],"promotions.":[201,209],"vulnerable":[205],"these":[207,295],"slick":[208],"Cannabis":[210],"remains":[211],"most":[213],"common":[214],"illegal":[215],"drug.":[216],"Heroin":[217],"use":[218,246,264],"growing":[220],"urban":[222],"adolescents":[223],"Nigeria,":[225],"however.":[226],"also":[228,281],"serves":[229],"transhipment":[232],"point":[233],"for":[234],"drugs":[235],"US":[238],"well":[240],"consumption":[243],"point.":[244],"Drug":[245],"results":[247],"rising":[249],"numbers":[250],"patients":[252],"mental":[254],"hospitals":[255],"treatment":[257],"centers.":[258],"A":[259],"particular":[260],"concern":[261],"drug":[263,283],"transmission":[266],"HIV":[268],"hepatitis":[270],"B":[271],"via":[272],"needles.":[273],"Smokers":[274],"drinkers":[277],"be":[282],"users.":[284],"Families,":[285],"government,":[286],"organizations":[289],"need":[290],"collaborate":[292],"behaviors":[297]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}