{"id":"https://openalex.org/W343339725","doi":null,"title":"Reversing the Telescope: Viewing Individual Activities within a Collective Context.","display_name":"Reversing the Telescope: Viewing Individual Activities within a Collective Context.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W343339725","mag":"343339725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:343339725","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ537843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306519851","display_name":"Metropolitan Universities: An International Forum","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Metropolitan Universities: An International Forum","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013130545","display_name":"Ernest A. Lynton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ernest A. Lynton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metropolitan Universities Journal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metropolitan Universities Journal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013130545"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8964,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94349831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"41","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10546","display_name":"Higher Education Governance and Development","score":0.7378000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10546","display_name":"Higher Education Governance and Development","score":0.7378000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.1151999980211258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11039","display_name":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","score":0.07400000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-labor","display_name":"academic work","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metropolitan-universities","display_name":"metropolitan universities","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-mission","display_name":"institutional mission","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarships","display_name":"scholarships","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-review","display_name":"peer review","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.7591171264648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.6093032956123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6078647971153259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5598421096801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5273053646087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48188120126724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38213491439819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3769630789756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3317522406578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.13864687085151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08585011959075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:343339725","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ537843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306519851","display_name":"Metropolitan Universities: An International Forum","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Metropolitan Universities: An International Forum","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W168263513","https://openalex.org/W852058197","https://openalex.org/W2337277789","https://openalex.org/W260972872","https://openalex.org/W318360124","https://openalex.org/W3019155995","https://openalex.org/W1977151771","https://openalex.org/W1979855309","https://openalex.org/W7026659534","https://openalex.org/W2589907360"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Academic":[0],"institutions,":[1],"and":[2,29,37,79,94,103],"especially":[3],"metropolitan":[4],"universities,":[5],"must":[6,44],"increasingly":[7],"view":[8],"the":[9,27,42,46,71,88,97],"work":[10,129],"of":[11,64,77,90,92,99,127],"faculty":[12,68,128],"members":[13,69],"within":[14,70],"a":[15,59],"collective":[16],".framework":[17],"so":[18,121],"as":[19,122],"to":[20,26,35,48,52,123,130],"ensure":[21],"that":[22],"each":[23],"contributes":[24],"optimally":[25],"multiple":[28],"complex":[30],"institutional":[31,40],"mission.":[32],"In":[33,55],"order":[34],"set":[36],"carry":[38],"out":[39],"priorities,":[41],"university":[43],"have":[45],"flexibility":[47,74],"assign":[49],"different":[50,53,62],"tasks":[51],"units.":[54],"turn,":[56],"there":[57],"is":[58,84],"need":[60],"for":[61,66],"profiles":[63],"activity":[65],"individual":[67],"unit.":[72],"This":[73],"requires":[75,118],"equivalence":[76,91],"recognition":[78],"rewards,":[80],"which":[81],"in":[82],"turn":[83],"possible":[85],"only":[86],"with":[87],"assurance":[89],"standard":[93],"achievement":[95],"among":[96],"triad":[98],"teaching,":[100],"professional":[101],"service,":[102],"research.":[104],"Such":[105],"equivalences":[106],"can":[107,112],"exist":[108],"because":[109],"all":[110,125],"three":[111],"constitute":[113],"scholarship.":[114],"Demonstrating":[115],"this":[116],"scholarship":[117],"adequate":[119],"documentation":[120],"subject":[124],"dimensions":[126],"peer":[131],"review.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
