{"id":"https://openalex.org/W34163811","doi":null,"title":"Experimental Studies of Culture, Diversity and Crowdsourcing","display_name":"Experimental Studies of Culture, Diversity and Crowdsourcing","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W34163811","mag":"34163811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:34163811","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94052","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101144123","display_name":"Xiao Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101144123"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00846588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.018799999728798866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12970","display_name":"Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/culture","display_name":"culture","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"diversity","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"crowdsourcing","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-variability","display_name":"behavioral variability","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-information-theory","display_name":"entropy (information theory)","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategy-transfer","display_name":"strategy transfer","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-group-favoritism","display_name":"in-group favoritism","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-group-discrimination","display_name":"out-group discrimination","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-identity-salience","display_name":"ethnic identity salience","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-generation-college-students","display_name":"first-generation college students","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-pay-auctions","display_name":"all-pay auctions","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reserve-prices","display_name":"reserve prices","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tie-breaking-rules","display_name":"tie-breaking rules","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-aversion","display_name":"risk aversion","score":0.902999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.9312572479248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.7259055972099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36114227771759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.259514182806015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19512319564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1766546666622162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.16434821486473083}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:34163811","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/94052","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94052","pdf_url":"https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstreams/57ad20b8-ac8a-4a18-a961-187498cf0352/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:34163811","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1712074327","display_name":"Collaborative Research:   Social Identity, Mechanism Design and Equilibrium Selection","funder_award_id":"0720943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8946579818","display_name":"DHB Games Theory, Culture, and Institutional Path Dependence.","funder_award_id":"0524919","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W34163811.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W34163811.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":124,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W978776","https://openalex.org/W74742851","https://openalex.org/W90970949","https://openalex.org/W190665928","https://openalex.org/W636424624","https://openalex.org/W1269877475","https://openalex.org/W1493250243","https://openalex.org/W1545671721","https://openalex.org/W1550825036","https://openalex.org/W1564370218","https://openalex.org/W1580345353","https://openalex.org/W1590411898","https://openalex.org/W1604213495","https://openalex.org/W1662349080","https://openalex.org/W1700285352","https://openalex.org/W1821624010","https://openalex.org/W1862072646","https://openalex.org/W1969014410","https://openalex.org/W1985268655","https://openalex.org/W1986646649","https://openalex.org/W1988908342","https://openalex.org/W1993348485","https://openalex.org/W1994699390","https://openalex.org/W1994789681","https://openalex.org/W1995783266","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2004221569","https://openalex.org/W2010064710","https://openalex.org/W2010411707","https://openalex.org/W2011233852","https://openalex.org/W2012942077","https://openalex.org/W2015990656","https://openalex.org/W2020357759","https://openalex.org/W2024316343","https://openalex.org/W2036127744","https://openalex.org/W2037162518","https://openalex.org/W2038280165","https://openalex.org/W2040034367","https://openalex.org/W2041411104","https://openalex.org/W2041946752","https://openalex.org/W2043634452","https://openalex.org/W2051773744","https://openalex.org/W2056648275","https://openalex.org/W2057310534","https://openalex.org/W2059353727","https://openalex.org/W2060607684","https://openalex.org/W2060965809","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2072912727","https://openalex.org/W2073806578","https://openalex.org/W2075382077","https://openalex.org/W2080248761","https://openalex.org/W2080311552","https://openalex.org/W2083360515","https://openalex.org/W2084881446","https://openalex.org/W2087236790","https://openalex.org/W2092366807","https://openalex.org/W2093852526","https://openalex.org/W2094541112","https://openalex.org/W2095713894","https://openalex.org/W2096853895","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2102513659","https://openalex.org/W2108554020","https://openalex.org/W2110329598","https://openalex.org/W2112374372","https://openalex.org/W2114765979","https://openalex.org/W2115590029","https://openalex.org/W2117339108","https://openalex.org/W2118986681","https://openalex.org/W2124327196","https://openalex.org/W2124423956","https://openalex.org/W2124576904","https://openalex.org/W2126336658","https://openalex.org/W2129251351","https://openalex.org/W2130142026","https://openalex.org/W2131724520","https://openalex.org/W2133873997","https://openalex.org/W2135262441","https://openalex.org/W2135555017","https://openalex.org/W2137730299","https://openalex.org/W2138135674","https://openalex.org/W2139122730","https://openalex.org/W2141112037","https://openalex.org/W2143098196","https://openalex.org/W2148953225","https://openalex.org/W2149107647","https://openalex.org/W2149182200","https://openalex.org/W2149917168","https://openalex.org/W2149961401","https://openalex.org/W2151037409","https://openalex.org/W2153222072","https://openalex.org/W2154665791","https://openalex.org/W2155241566","https://openalex.org/W2158087239","https://openalex.org/W2161501970","https://openalex.org/W2161570388","https://openalex.org/W2161577944","https://openalex.org/W2161923363","https://openalex.org/W2162673118","https://openalex.org/W2164017702","https://openalex.org/W2164391693","https://openalex.org/W2166061111","https://openalex.org/W2166076367","https://openalex.org/W2166803258","https://openalex.org/W2168435677","https://openalex.org/W2169593491","https://openalex.org/W2170104643","https://openalex.org/W2170714771","https://openalex.org/W2262420275","https://openalex.org/W2264520444","https://openalex.org/W2293337040","https://openalex.org/W2321908942","https://openalex.org/W2567648963","https://openalex.org/W2765161612","https://openalex.org/W2905034808","https://openalex.org/W3023755502","https://openalex.org/W3049570326","https://openalex.org/W3122740798","https://openalex.org/W3122867100","https://openalex.org/W3122999009","https://openalex.org/W3124419827","https://openalex.org/W3124797713","https://openalex.org/W3129904307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2363096069","https://openalex.org/W3124352497","https://openalex.org/W2900975341","https://openalex.org/W2337476913","https://openalex.org/W2181999461","https://openalex.org/W2040034367","https://openalex.org/W573831970","https://openalex.org/W7213960412","https://openalex.org/W7055510519","https://openalex.org/W2469637182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"experimental":[1],"and":[2,12,22,28,79,94,97,134,146,169,186,202,229,277,291],"behavioral":[3,50],"economics":[4],"methods,":[5],"my":[6],"dissertation":[7],"focuses":[8],"on":[9,25,193],"culture,":[10],"diversity":[11],"crowdsourcing.":[13],"The":[14,88,167],"first":[15],"chapter":[16,90],"investigates":[17],"the":[18,60,122,127,173,184,189,197,200,203,209,212,273,303,347],"role":[19],"of":[20,49,107,129,175,199,205,211,215,262,275,346],"culture":[21],"institutional":[23,29],"contexts":[24],"individual":[26],"behavior":[27],"performance.":[30],"In":[31,112,188,330],"our":[32,336],"experiments,":[33],"subjects":[34],"play":[35],"two":[36,117],"distinct":[37],"games":[38,64,75],"simultaneously":[39],"with":[40,65,76,99],"different":[41],"opponents.":[42],"Introducing":[43],"entropy":[44,67,78],"as":[45],"an":[46,113,314],"empirical":[47],"measure":[48],"variation":[51],"in":[52,63,121,178,183,208,259,265,283,295,298,332],"a":[53,206,216,222,251,288,320,326,342],"normal":[54],"form":[55,210],"game,":[56],"we":[57,125,195,238,286],"find":[58,135,220,239,292],"that":[59,136,221,240],"strategies":[61],"used":[62],"low":[66],"are":[68,80,110,243,306,309],"more":[69,143,227,310],"likely":[70,246,311],"to":[71,74,83,247,312,325],"be":[72],"transferred":[73],"high":[77],"less":[81,245],"subject":[82],"influence":[84],"by":[85,236,341],"other":[86,101],"games.":[87],"second":[89],"studies":[91],"how":[92],"Asians":[93],"Caucasians":[95],"coordinate":[96],"cooperate":[98],"each":[100],"differently":[102],"when":[103,149,161,317],"their":[104,150,162],"various":[105],"dimensions":[106],"natural":[108,132],"identities":[109,133],"salient.":[111,154],"experiment":[114,191,290],"conducted":[115,192],"at":[116],"large":[118],"public":[119],"universities":[120],"United":[123],"States,":[124],"manipulate":[126,196],"salience":[128],"participants'":[130],"multidimensional":[131],"Asians,":[137],"especially":[138],"first-generation":[139],"students,":[140],"exhibit":[141],"significantly":[142,226,244],"in-group":[144],"favoritism":[145],"out-group":[147],"discrimination":[148],"ethnic":[151],"identity":[152,164],"is":[153,165,338],"However,":[155,234],"this":[156],"significant":[157],"group":[158],"bias":[159],"disappears":[160],"school":[163],"primed.":[166],"third":[168],"fourth":[170],"chapters":[171],"evaluate":[172],"performance":[174,274],"all-pay":[176,279,300,334],"auctions":[177,280],"crowdsourcing":[179,284],"labor":[180],"markets,":[181],"both":[182,281],"field":[185,190],"laboratory.":[187],"Taskcn,":[194],"size":[198],"reward":[201,224],"presence":[204],"reserve":[207,268],"early":[213,316],"entry":[214,304],"high-quality":[217,241,252],"submission.":[218],"We":[219],"higher":[223,231],"induces":[225],"submissions":[228,264],"attracts":[230],"quality":[232,261],"users.":[233],"unpredicted":[235],"theory,":[237],"users":[242],"enter":[248,313],"tasks":[249],"where":[250],"solution":[253],"has":[254,319],"already":[255],"been":[256],"submitted,":[257],"resulting":[258],"lower":[260,293],"subsequent":[263],"such":[266],"soft":[267],"treatments.":[269],"To":[270],"directly":[271],"compare":[272],"simultaneous":[276,299,333],"sequential":[278,296],"implemented":[282],"sites,":[285],"conduct":[287],"laboratory":[289],"revenue":[294],"than":[297],"auctions.":[301],"When":[302],"decisions":[305],"endogenous,":[307],"individuals":[308],"auction":[315],"it":[318],"favor-early":[321],"tie-breaking":[322,328],"rule":[323],"compared":[324],"favor-late":[327],"rule.":[329],"addition,":[331],"auctions,":[335],"data":[337],"better":[339],"rationalized":[340],"risk-aversion":[343],"model":[344],"instead":[345],"risk-neutral":[348],"model.":[349]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
