{"id":"https://openalex.org/W339053685","doi":null,"title":"Improving Urban Employment and Labor Productivity","display_name":"Improving Urban Employment and Labor Productivity","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W339053685","mag":"339053685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:339053685","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA18508348","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077089285","display_name":"Friedrich Kahnert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich Kahnert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077089285"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95689655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12147","display_name":"Urban and Rural Development Challenges","score":0.7437000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12147","display_name":"Urban and Rural Development Challenges","score":0.7437000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.09860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.05079999938607216,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-employment","display_name":"urban employment","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-productivity","display_name":"labor productivity","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-labor-markets","display_name":"urban labor markets","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-differentials","display_name":"wage differentials","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-differentials","display_name":"income differentials","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-segmentation","display_name":"labor market segmentation","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-poverty","display_name":"urban poverty","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-expansion","display_name":"urban expansion","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-relations","display_name":"urban-rural relations","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-generation","display_name":"income generation","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-development","display_name":"regional development","score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-bank-lending","display_name":"World Bank lending","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776465609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6467216","display_name":"Labor market segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6569321155548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691543","display_name":"Pace","level":2,"score":0.6359767317771912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.6183949708938599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.6128808856010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.5578490495681763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5192151665687561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.5016064643859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.4986591339111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.424752414226532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.32385292649269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16741573810577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:339053685","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA18508348","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"No poverty"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5142999887466431,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098649261","https://openalex.org/W7163827554","https://openalex.org/W2525552953","https://openalex.org/W2346998914","https://openalex.org/W615133275","https://openalex.org/W2089068316","https://openalex.org/W2046044789","https://openalex.org/W4281651222","https://openalex.org/W2152805658","https://openalex.org/W7111578582"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,49,94,172],"major":[1],"objective":[2],"of":[3,69,78,102,113,122,145,156,167,185],"this":[4],"paper":[5],"is":[6],"to":[7,17,82,179,193],"examine":[8],"the":[9,25,52,63,76,80,100,108,120,143,157,162,181,190],"urban":[10,33,83,103,114,133,170],"employment":[11,34,115,195],"problem":[12],"in":[13,142,169],"developing":[14],"countries":[15],"and":[16,21,35,46,73,79,88,111,116,118,128,132,165,183,196],"describe":[18],"its":[19,85,89],"causes":[20],"characteristics.":[22],"This":[23],"lays":[24],"basis":[26],"for":[27,164],"outlining":[28],"an":[29,186],"action":[30,187],"program":[31,188],"on":[32,99,126,176],"income":[36,129,197],"generation":[37],"that":[38,54,151],"can":[39],"be":[40],"implemented":[41],"through":[42],"Bank":[43],"sector":[44],"work":[45],"lending":[47],"operations.":[48],"report":[50],"divides":[51],"discussion":[53],"follows":[55],"into":[56],"three":[57],"parts.":[58],"Chapter":[59,135],"II":[60],"first":[61],"sets":[62],"stage":[64],"by":[65,160],"recalling":[66],"a":[67],"number":[68],"well":[70],"established":[71],"facts":[72],"relationships":[74],"concerning":[75],"pace":[77],"contributors":[81],"growth,":[84],"economic":[86],"importance,":[87],"interaction":[90],"with":[91],"rural":[92],"development.":[93],"chapter":[95,174],"then":[96,137],"develops":[97],"views":[98],"functioning":[101,144],"labor":[104,146,158,168],"markets.":[105],"It":[106],"examines":[107],"levels,":[109],"composition,":[110],"characteristics":[112],"unemployment":[117],"discusses":[119],"results":[121],"some":[123],"recent":[124],"research":[125],"wage":[127],"differentials,":[130],"segmentation,":[131],"poverty.":[134],"III":[136],"looks":[138],"beyond":[139],"any":[140],"imperfections":[141],"markets":[147],"at":[148,189],"other":[149],"factors":[150],"affect":[152],"output":[153],"per":[154],"member":[155],"force":[159],"influencing":[161],"demand":[163],"supply":[166],"areas.":[171],"last":[173],"builds":[175],"these":[177],"analyses":[178],"outline":[180],"scope":[182],"nature":[184],"city/regional":[191],"level":[192],"promote":[194],"generation.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
