{"id":"https://openalex.org/W33818274","doi":null,"title":"Frequency of Giardia lamblia infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain.","display_name":"Frequency of Giardia lamblia infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W33818274","mag":"33818274","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18655423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:18655423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18655423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073327711","display_name":"Mohammad Younas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Younas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035063057","display_name":"Saminullah Shah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saminullah Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091690860","display_name":"Azmat Talaat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azmat Talaat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7346,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80324884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"4","first_page":"171","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11086","display_name":"Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11086","display_name":"Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/giardia-duodenalis","display_name":"Giardia lamblia","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/giardiasis","display_name":"giardiasis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-abdominal-pain","display_name":"recurrent abdominal pain","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metronidazole","display_name":"metronidazole","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tinidazole","display_name":"tinidazole","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stool-examination","display_name":"stool examination","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hygiene","display_name":"hygiene","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-outcomes","display_name":"treatment outcomes","score":0.3610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.95650315284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780955771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183425","display_name":"Abdominal pain","level":2,"score":0.7618957757949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776956441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927059","display_name":"Bloating","level":3,"score":0.7201559543609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780852908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127076","display_name":"Vomiting","level":2,"score":0.638685405254364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780626423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155630","display_name":"Giardia lamblia","level":2,"score":0.5461512804031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779124032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2536390","display_name":"Abdominal distension","level":2,"score":0.5153223872184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186889","display_name":"Nausea","level":2,"score":0.4976043999195099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775913212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160184","display_name":"Flatulence","level":2,"score":0.46506479382514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527108885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Physical examination","level":2,"score":0.45490723848342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.39693397283554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.34638455510139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3299523591995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000981","descriptor_name":"Antiprotozoal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005873","descriptor_name":"Giardiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005873","descriptor_name":"Giardiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005873","descriptor_name":"Giardiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000469","qualifier_name":"parasitology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008795","descriptor_name":"Metronidazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012008","descriptor_name":"Recurrence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014011","descriptor_name":"Tinidazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015746","descriptor_name":"Abdominal Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015746","descriptor_name":"Abdominal Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015746","descriptor_name":"Abdominal Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016829","descriptor_name":"Giardia lamblia","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:18655423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18655423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:33818274","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18655423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974617363","https://openalex.org/W1978771165","https://openalex.org/W1997438348","https://openalex.org/W2021613179","https://openalex.org/W2032646610","https://openalex.org/W2063387593","https://openalex.org/W2069962832","https://openalex.org/W2074232570","https://openalex.org/W2097153754","https://openalex.org/W2102270414","https://openalex.org/W2111539059","https://openalex.org/W2153447760","https://openalex.org/W2401015738","https://openalex.org/W2415457313","https://openalex.org/W2417166424","https://openalex.org/W2417917348","https://openalex.org/W2557139718","https://openalex.org/W2593815446","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2770131355","https://openalex.org/W2804483946","https://openalex.org/W2899547849","https://openalex.org/W2907771773","https://openalex.org/W4205947740","https://openalex.org/W4294236058","https://openalex.org/W6600776258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100497506","https://openalex.org/W2751723957","https://openalex.org/W2904754185","https://openalex.org/W2351468502","https://openalex.org/W2144681627","https://openalex.org/W2182168625","https://openalex.org/W1991539678","https://openalex.org/W2922432737","https://openalex.org/W6968254164","https://openalex.org/W4390567852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"To":[1],"assess":[2],"the":[3,74,82,86,126,129,137,216,244],"frequency":[4],"and":[5,158,164,174,206,212,228,254,276],"causative":[6],"role":[7,282],"of":[8,25,36,70,85,128,134,180,189,246,258,265],"Giardia":[9,168,274],"lamblia":[10,275],"infection":[11],"in":[12,18,73,152,161,172,176,283,287],"children":[13,27,54,144,250,266],"with":[14,28,100,115,194,267,273],"recurrent":[15,29,61,268,284],"abdominal":[16,30,62,71,208,269,285],"pain":[17,31,63,190,197,270,286],"our":[19],"setup.":[20],"METHODS:":[21],"Prospective":[22],"observational":[23],"study":[24,278],"239":[26],"was":[32,53,91,121,183,191],"conducted":[33],"at":[34,108],"Department":[35],"Paediatrics,":[37],"Postgraduate":[38],"Medical":[39,42],"institute,":[40],"Hayatabad":[41],"Complex,":[43],"Peshawar,":[44],"from":[45,55,93],"November":[46],"2004":[47],"to":[48,57,80],"July":[49],"2006.":[50],"Inclusion":[51],"criteria":[52],"4":[56],"14":[58],"years":[59],"having":[60,196],"defined":[64],"as":[65],"greater":[66],"than":[67,200],"three":[68],"episodes":[69],"pain,":[72],"last":[75],"3":[76],"months":[77],"severe":[78],"enough":[79],"affect":[81],"daily":[83],"activities":[84],"child.":[87],"Fresh":[88],"stool":[89],"specimen":[90],"collected":[92],"each":[94],"child":[95],"for":[96,136,147,198,239,252],"laboratory":[97],"examination.":[98],"Those":[99],"negative":[101,238],"results":[102],"had":[103],"two":[104],"other":[105],"samples":[106,166],"taken":[107],"different":[109],"times.":[110],"Positive":[111],"cases":[112,182],"were":[113,145,150,160,170,215,232,237,256,271],"treated":[114],"metronidazole":[116],"or":[117],"tinidazole.":[118],"Stool":[119],"examination":[120],"repeated":[122],"1":[123],"week":[124,242],"after":[125,243],"end":[127,245],"treatment,":[130],"followed":[131],"by":[132],"evaluation":[133],"complaints":[135],"next":[138],"6":[139,201],"months.":[140,185,202],"RESULTS:":[141],"Seventy-four":[142],"(30.96%)":[143],"positive":[146,151,171,181],"giardiasis.":[148],"Thirty-eight":[149],"their":[153,162],"first":[154],"sample,":[155],"while":[156],"27":[157],"9":[159],"second":[163],"third":[165],"respectively.":[167],"cysts":[169],"93%":[173],"trophozoite":[175],"7%.":[177],"Mean":[178],"age":[179],"86+/-47":[184],"The":[186],"mean":[187],"duration":[188],"158+/-64":[192],"days,":[193],"42%":[195],"more":[199],"Abdominal":[203],"cramps,":[204],"nausea":[205],"vomiting,":[207],"distension,":[209],"flatulence/bloating,":[210],"anorexia":[211],"weight":[213],"loss":[214],"main":[217],"clinical":[218],"symptoms":[219],"observed.":[220],"Poor":[221],"health":[222],"hygiene,":[223],"poor":[224],"toilet":[225],"training,":[226],"overcrowding,":[227],"low":[229],"socioeconomic":[230],"status":[231],"observed":[233],"risk":[234],"factors.":[235],"Stools":[236],"giardiasis":[240],"one":[241],"treatment.":[247],"Only":[248],"76%":[249],"returned":[251],"follow-up":[253],"all":[255],"free":[257],"any":[259],"complaints.":[260],"CONCLUSION:":[261],"A":[262],"significant":[263],"proportion":[264],"infected":[272],"this":[277],"supports":[279],"its":[280],"potential":[281],"children.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
