{"id":"https://openalex.org/W335871706","doi":null,"title":"Legal Aid and Public Interest Law in China","display_name":"Legal Aid and Public Interest Law in China","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W335871706","mag":"335871706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.columbia.edu:faculty_scholarship-4536","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/3521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401049","display_name":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","host_organization_name":"Yale University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086291887","display_name":"Benjamin L. Liebman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-6896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-6896"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin L. Liebman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-6896","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086291887"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":90.214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99842946,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"211","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13075","display_name":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","score":0.040699999779462814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-aid","display_name":"legal aid","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-interest-law","display_name":"public interest law","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-representation","display_name":"legal representation","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-interest-litigation","display_name":"public interest litigation","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-profession","display_name":"legal profession","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-reform","display_name":"legal reform","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-justice","display_name":"access to justice","score":0.8349999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1893186","display_name":"Eviction","level":2,"score":0.6807231903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6488029956817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.5447299480438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5410889387130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170692843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15987302","display_name":"Legal profession","level":2,"score":0.5306313037872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.5159257650375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4809531271457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4267893135547638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.35761508345603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33107900619506836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.columbia.edu:faculty_scholarship-4536","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/3521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401049","display_name":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","host_organization_name":"Yale University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:335871706","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-43318412/legal-aid-and-public-interest-law-in-china","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99862825","display_name":"Texas international law journal","issn_l":"0163-7479","issn":["0163-7479"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Texas international law journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297513219","https://openalex.org/W2365366736","https://openalex.org/W4285255887","https://openalex.org/W4205333537","https://openalex.org/W2958507827","https://openalex.org/W2237567909","https://openalex.org/W3186311009","https://openalex.org/W4229048356","https://openalex.org/W1959223417","https://openalex.org/W4400512801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,136],"describes":[2],"the":[3,19,23,26,50,54,68,83,91,116,123,128,139,142,164],"evolution":[4,117,140],"of":[5,28,40,56,85,118,125,130,159],"legal":[6,20,42,57,69,87,119,152,155,160,168],"aid":[7,43,88,120,161],"and":[8,14,22,52,90,154],"public":[9,105],"interest":[10,106],"law":[11,24,126],"in":[12,25,133,170],"China":[13,145,171],"examines":[15],"its":[16,151],"implications":[17],"for":[18,59,80,94],"profession":[21,70],"context":[27],"four":[29],"intertwined":[30],"developments:":[31],"first,":[32],"China's":[33,46,64,157],"efforts":[34],"to":[35,48,66,71,97,113,149,166],"establish":[36],"a":[37],"nationwide":[38],"system":[39,153],"government-run":[41],"centers;":[44],"second,":[45],"attempt":[47],"expand":[49],"availability":[51],"improve":[53],"quality":[55],"representation":[58],"indigent":[60],"criminal":[61],"defendants;":[62],"third,":[63],"bid":[65],"force":[67],"serve":[72],"poor":[73],"clients":[74],"via":[75],"mandatory":[76],"pro":[77,100],"bono":[78,101],"requirements":[79],"lawyers;":[81],"fourth,":[82],"development":[84,158,169],"non-governmental":[86],"centers":[89],"expanding":[92],"incentives":[93],"profit-oriented":[95],"lawyers":[96],"take":[98],"on":[99],"cases":[102],"or":[103,127,179],"pursue":[104],"litigation.":[107],"Although":[108],"it":[109,147],"is":[110,172],"too":[111],"early":[112],"declare":[114],"that":[115,138],"will":[121],"reshape":[122],"function":[124],"status":[129],"individual":[131],"rights":[132],"China,":[134],"this":[135],"argues":[137],"illustrates":[141],"choices":[143],"facing":[144],"as":[146],"continues":[148],"reform":[150],"profession.":[156],"also":[162],"demonstrates":[163],"degree":[165],"which":[167],"progressing":[173],"without":[174],"any":[175],"single":[176],"dominant":[177],"rationale":[178],"policy":[180],"goal.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
