{"id":"https://openalex.org/W32965766","doi":null,"title":"Organ distribution and molecular forms of human xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase protein.","display_name":"Organ distribution and molecular forms of human xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase protein.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W32965766","mag":"32965766","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8569197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8569197","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8569197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034068516","display_name":"Annikki Sarnesto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090554","display_name":"Helsinki Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dqfzf20","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112","https://openalex.org/I4210090554","https://openalex.org/I4210166427"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Sarnesto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I4210090554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049991876","display_name":"Nina Linder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-0513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-0513"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N Linder","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111861493","display_name":"Kari O. Raivio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K O Raivio","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":114,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95810594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"1","first_page":"48","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11139","display_name":"Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11139","display_name":"Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.03929999843239784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12827","display_name":"Biochemical and Molecular Research","score":0.03799999877810478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-subunit-structure","display_name":"enzyme subunit structure","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-distribution","display_name":"tissue distribution","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-milk","display_name":"breast milk","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver","display_name":"liver","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intestine","display_name":"intestine","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-production","display_name":"superoxide production","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tryptic-digestion","display_name":"trypsin digestion","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151400659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15330855","display_name":"Xanthine dehydrogenase","level":4,"score":0.831816554069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412509","display_name":"Xanthine oxidase","level":3,"score":0.7217776775360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.651218593120575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85265743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q885458","display_name":"Blot","level":3,"score":0.6509761810302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.5504046678543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.5044785737991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779470414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50980","display_name":"Xanthine","level":3,"score":0.46046918630599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58121356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182854","display_name":"Molecular mass","level":3,"score":0.44891414046287537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4432191252708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182220744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226","display_name":"Proteases","level":3,"score":0.42772209644317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4198876619338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000918","descriptor_name":"Antibody Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005312","descriptor_name":"Fetal Blood","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005333","descriptor_name":"Fetus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006868","descriptor_name":"Hydrolysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007106","descriptor_name":"Immune Sera","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008895","descriptor_name":"Milk, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009928","descriptor_name":"Organ Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010450","descriptor_name":"Endopeptidases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013329","descriptor_name":"Structure-Activity Relationship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014968","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Dehydrogenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014968","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Dehydrogenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014968","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Dehydrogenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014969","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Oxidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014969","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Oxidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014969","descriptor_name":"Xanthine Oxidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8569197","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8569197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:32965766","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8569197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058881562","https://openalex.org/W2280107575","https://openalex.org/W2418579584","https://openalex.org/W1996641298","https://openalex.org/W2007979907","https://openalex.org/W2106815282","https://openalex.org/W2009144278","https://openalex.org/W2079953559","https://openalex.org/W2469983609","https://openalex.org/W2399620472"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Xanthine":[0],"dehydrogenase/xanthine":[1],"oxidase":[2],"(XDH/XO)":[3],"is":[4,17,28,264,286],"a":[5,195],"major":[6],"cytoplasmic":[7],"source":[8],"of":[9,23,38,52,75,92,112,122,128,175,180,194,227,278],"superoxide":[10],"radicals":[11],"and":[12,15,46,58,73,78,83,116,132,160,168,212,218,239,252,274,284],"hydrogen":[13],"peroxide,":[14],"it":[16,105],"considered":[18],"important":[19],"in":[20,33,55,86,125,148,210,216,223,237,267,281],"the":[21,31,36,53,76,80,93,129,142,149,152,181,184,261,268,276],"pathogenesis":[22],"ischemia-reperfusion":[24],"damage.":[25],"Because":[26],"little":[27],"known":[29],"about":[30],"enzyme":[32,182],"human":[34,44,65,87,133,247,282],"tissues,":[35],"aims":[37],"this":[39],"study":[40],"were":[41,146,155,163,206],"to":[42,47,229,256],"purify":[43],"XDH/XO":[45,200,233,248,280],"produce":[48],"Ab":[49,69,119],"for":[50,59,70],"detection":[51],"protein":[54,95,201,230],"Western":[56,71,126],"blots":[57,127],"quantification":[60],"by":[61],"ELISA.":[62],"We":[63,243],"purified":[64,94,130],"milk":[66],"XDH/XO,":[67],"produced":[68],"blotting":[72],"ELISA":[74],"protein,":[77],"evaluated":[79],"molecular":[81,90,250],"forms":[82],"activity-protein":[84],"relationships":[85],"tissues.":[88],"The":[89,225],"size":[91,124,251],"under":[96],"nondenaturing":[97],"conditions":[98],"was":[99,106,235],"approximately":[100],"300":[101],"kd.":[102,118,177],"On":[103],"SDS-PAGE,":[104],"fragmented":[107],"into":[108,188],"four":[109],"main":[110],"bands":[111,121,145,187],"143,":[113],"125,":[114],"87,":[115],"59":[117],"recognized":[120],"similar":[123,255],"preparation":[131],"milk.":[134],"In":[135],"fresh":[136],"liver":[137,196,211,238,283],"homogenates":[138],"treated":[139],"with":[140],"anti-proteases,":[141],"three":[143],"largest":[144,154],"observed;":[147],"intestine,":[150],"only":[151],"two":[153],"observed.":[156],"Serum,":[157],"brain,":[158],"heart,":[159],"skeletal":[161],"muscle":[162],"negative,":[164],"whereas":[165],"some":[166],"lung":[167],"kidney":[169],"samples":[170],"showed":[171],"one":[172],"faint":[173],"band":[174],"143":[176],"Trypsin":[178],"treatment":[179],"converted":[183],"large":[185],"molecular-weight":[186],"smaller":[189],"bands,":[190],"as":[191],"did":[192],"incubation":[193],"homogenate":[197],"without":[198],"anti-proteases.":[199],"concentrations":[202],"(ng/mg":[203],"total":[204],"protein)":[205,234],"146":[207],"+/-":[208,214],"70":[209],"556":[213],"320":[215],"intestine":[217,240,285],"less":[219],"than":[220],"5":[221],"ng/ml":[222],"serum.":[224],"relationship":[226],"activity":[228],"(2.7-3.0":[231],"mumol/min/mg":[232],"constant":[236],"during":[241],"development.":[242],"conclude":[244],"that":[245],"1)":[246],"has":[249],"subunit":[253],"structure":[254],"other":[257],"mammalian":[258],"enzymes;":[259],"2)":[260],"polypeptide":[262],"chain":[263],"unstable,":[265],"also":[266],"intact":[269],"cell,":[270],"despite":[271],"retained":[272],"activity;":[273],"3)":[275],"amount":[277],"inactive":[279],"apparently":[287],"small.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}