{"id":"https://openalex.org/W32804409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","title":"The panic-agoraphobic spectrum: a descriptive approach to the assessment and treatment of subtle symptoms","display_name":"The panic-agoraphobic spectrum: a descriptive approach to the assessment and treatment of subtle symptoms","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W32804409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","mag":"32804409","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9167542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116025658","display_name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0002-953X","issn":["0002-953X","1535-7228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108555355","display_name":"Gb Cassano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G B Cassano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055204706","display_name":"Stefano Michelini","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Michelini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003702591","display_name":"M. Katherine Shear","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-1816","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-1816"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M K Shear","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058591412","display_name":"Elena Coli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2461-6251","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2461-6251"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Coli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021312513","display_name":"Jack D. Maser","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J D Maser","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103020454","display_name":"Ellen Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3298-7893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3298-7893"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.8792,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":147,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99116087,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"154","issue":"6","first_page":"27","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11093","display_name":"Personality Disorders and Psychopathology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10182","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panic-disorder","display_name":"panic disorder","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agoraphobia","display_name":"agoraphobia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-classification","display_name":"psychiatric classification","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensional-versus-categorical-models","display_name":"dimensional versus categorical models","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subclinical-symptoms","display_name":"subclinical symptoms","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-domains","display_name":"symptom domains","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbid-depression","display_name":"comorbid depression","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eating-disorders","display_name":"eating disorders","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-therapist-communication","display_name":"patient-therapist communication","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome-measures","display_name":"outcome measures","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-traits","display_name":"personality traits","score":0.6359999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778678127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174589","display_name":"Agoraphobia","level":4,"score":0.8147339820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780712732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208450","display_name":"Panic","level":3,"score":0.7801337242126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777529043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741713","display_name":"Panic disorder","level":3,"score":0.7447272539138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.633084237575531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6080180406570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5637236833572388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5376030206680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777154362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575316","display_name":"Spectrum disorder","level":2,"score":0.49336209893226624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.45163118839263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000379","descriptor_name":"Agoraphobia","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000379","descriptor_name":"Agoraphobia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000379","descriptor_name":"Agoraphobia","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001068","descriptor_name":"Feeding and Eating Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001068","descriptor_name":"Feeding and Eating Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001068","descriptor_name":"Feeding and Eating Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008960","descriptor_name":"Models, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010555","descriptor_name":"Personality Inventory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011569","descriptor_name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016584","descriptor_name":"Panic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016584","descriptor_name":"Panic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016584","descriptor_name":"Panic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.6.27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116025658","display_name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0002-953X","issn":["0002-953X","1535-7228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9167542","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9167542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/50147","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/50147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979686236","https://openalex.org/W2276690442","https://openalex.org/W2131086126","https://openalex.org/W2034739713","https://openalex.org/W2164919324","https://openalex.org/W2035378434","https://openalex.org/W2077099990","https://openalex.org/W2030147830","https://openalex.org/W2072493411","https://openalex.org/W4378348283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Psychiatric":[1],"classification":[2,89],"is":[3,208,234],"still":[4],"a":[5,35,79,101,209,229],"topic":[6],"of":[7,14,31,38,55,61,78,90,110,124,173,177,184,191,204,214,238,247,253],"considerable":[8],"discussion":[9],"and":[10,52,57,71,82,88,92,97,131,147,164,183,206,211,251,257],"debate":[11,23],"in":[12,17,149,236],"spite":[13],"major":[15],"advances":[16],"the":[18,53,68,76,86,94,111,162,178,185,192,224],"past":[19],"two":[20],"decades.":[21],"The":[22,139,175,201,219],"involves":[24],"categorical":[25,225],"versus":[26,43,49],"dimensional":[27],"approaches,":[28],"cutoff":[29],"numbers":[30],"symptoms":[32],"to":[33,85,104,144,223],"define":[34],"case,":[36],"degree":[37],"impairment,":[39],"objective":[40],"diagnostic":[41],"criteria":[42],"more":[44],"theoretically":[45],"based":[46],"criteria,":[47],"episodic":[48],"trait-like":[50],"symptoms,":[51],"role":[54],"atypical":[56],"subclinical":[58],"symptoms.":[59],"All":[60],"these":[62],"issues":[63],"have":[64],"been":[65],"raised":[66],"for":[67,241,255],"anxiety":[69],"disorders":[70,182],"depression.":[72],"This":[73],"article":[74],"presents":[75],"conceptualization":[77],"relatively":[80],"novel":[81],"testable":[83],"approach":[84],"diagnosis":[87],"panic":[91,125,130,157,205],"agoraphobia,":[93],"panic-agoraphobic":[95,151],"spectrum,":[96],"pilot":[98],"data":[99],"on":[100,161],"new":[102],"questionnaire":[103],"assess":[105],"it.":[106],"METHOD:":[107],"Pilot":[108],"testing":[109],"Panic-Agoraphobic":[112],"Spectrum":[113],"Questionnaire":[114],"was":[115],"undertaken":[116],"with":[117,156,166,180],"100":[118],"inpatients":[119],"who":[120],"had":[121],"lifetime":[122],"diagnoses":[123],"disorder,":[126],"unipolar":[127,132],"depression,":[128],"comorbid":[129,167],"depressive":[133],"disorders,":[134],"or":[135],"an":[136],"eating":[137,181],"disorder.":[138],"instrument":[140],"emphasizes":[141],"impairment":[142],"related":[143],"144":[145],"behaviors":[146],"experiences":[148],"seven":[150],"symptom":[152],"domains.":[153],"RESULTS:":[154],"Patients":[155],"disorder":[158],"scored":[159],"highest":[160],"questionnaire,":[163],"those":[165,190],"depression":[168],"showed":[169],"even":[170],"greater":[171],"severity":[172],"illness.":[174],"scores":[176],"patients":[179,187,254],"depressed":[186],"differed":[188,197],"from":[189,198],"other":[193],"groups":[194],"but":[195],"also":[196],"0.":[199],"CONCLUSIONS:":[200],"spectrum":[202],"model":[203],"agoraphobia":[207],"flexible":[210],"comprehensive":[212],"means":[213],"describing":[215],"this":[216],"clinical":[217],"complex.":[218],"proposed":[220],"model,":[221],"complementary":[222],"approach,":[226],"presumably":[227],"expresses":[228],"unitary":[230],"pathophysiology.":[231],"Its":[232],"usefulness":[233],"discussed":[235],"terms":[237],"its":[239],"value":[240],"patient-therapist":[242],"communication,":[243],"outcome":[244],"measures,":[245],"identification":[246],"subtle":[248],"personality":[249],"traits,":[250],"subtyping":[252],"research":[256],"treatment.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
