{"id":"https://openalex.org/W32740913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","title":"Induction of the unfolded protein response by cigarette smoke is primarily an activating transcription factor 4-C/EBP homologous protein mediated process","display_name":"Induction of the unfolded protein response by cigarette smoke is primarily an activating transcription factor 4-C/EBP homologous protein mediated process","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W32740913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","mag":"32740913","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21697995","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3119106"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/copd.s19599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105319247","display_name":"International Journal of COPD","issn_l":"1176-9106","issn":["1176-9106","1178-2005"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017782179","display_name":"Patrick M. Geraghty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-5505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-5505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geraghty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113485122","display_name":"Wallace","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wallace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA","Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine,","Institute of human nutrition, Columbia University College of Physicians and surgeons, new York, nY 10032, UsA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of human nutrition, Columbia University College of Physicians and surgeons, new York, nY 10032, UsA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107076952","display_name":"D'Armiento","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D'Armiento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA","Columbia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular and Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107076952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":{"value":2836,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2836},"apc_paid":{"value":2836,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2836},"fwci":2.1449,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84828879,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"309","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11150","display_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11150","display_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11204","display_name":"Ion Channels and Receptors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoke","display_name":"cigarette smoke","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endoplasmic-reticulum-stress","display_name":"endoplasmic reticulum stress","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unfolded-protein-response","display_name":"unfolded protein response","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atf4","display_name":"ATF4","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chop","display_name":"CHOP","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emphysema","display_name":"emphysema","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-airway-epithelial-cells","display_name":"small airway epithelial cells","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchial-epithelial-cells","display_name":"bronchial epithelial cells","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoke-extract","display_name":"cigarette smoke extract","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-inflammation","display_name":"lung inflammation","score":0.5419999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.6650412082672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6562082767486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139447449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14633900","display_name":"Unfolded protein response","level":3,"score":0.554163932800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64894306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849622","display_name":"Homologous chromosome","level":3,"score":0.5100818276405334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.42932844161987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2432737648487091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.23268574476242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158617107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79927","display_name":"Endoplasmic reticulum","level":2,"score":0.21425825357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.17659810185432434}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004721","descriptor_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004721","descriptor_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006168","descriptor_name":"Guinea Pigs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008808","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred CBA","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012906","descriptor_name":"Smoke","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014026","descriptor_name":"Nicotiana","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015153","descriptor_name":"Blotting, Western","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017931","descriptor_name":"DNA Primers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018384","descriptor_name":"Oxidative Stress","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029424","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029424","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051701","descriptor_name":"Activating Transcription Factor 4","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051742","descriptor_name":"Transcription Factor CHOP","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051742","descriptor_name":"Transcription Factor CHOP","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056811","descriptor_name":"Unfolded Protein Response","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2147/copd.s19599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105319247","display_name":"International Journal of COPD","issn_l":"1176-9106","issn":["1176-9106","1178-2005"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3119106","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3119106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:21697995","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21697995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:636dcc4a092645d7b4f986c562ca6b8f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/636dcc4a092645d7b4f986c562ca6b8f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of COPD, Vol 2011, Iss default, Pp 309-319 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dovepress.com/7591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/induction-of-the-unfolded-protein-response-by-cigarette-smoke-is-prima-peer-reviewed-article-COPD","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401012","display_name":"Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/copd.s19599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s19599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105319247","display_name":"International Journal of COPD","issn_l":"1176-9106","issn":["1176-9106","1178-2005"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G693074485","display_name":"Smoke Induced Airway Injury in the Lung","funder_award_id":"R01HL086936","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8687161529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL007343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000039552","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL007343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000914557","display_name":"Postdoctoral Training in Arteriosclerosis Research","funder_award_id":"T32HL007343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18353704","https://openalex.org/W1964184380","https://openalex.org/W1969419906","https://openalex.org/W1970090817","https://openalex.org/W1972494520","https://openalex.org/W1984680475","https://openalex.org/W1985262547","https://openalex.org/W1986737010","https://openalex.org/W1991379662","https://openalex.org/W1992469882","https://openalex.org/W2000065998","https://openalex.org/W2002439304","https://openalex.org/W2010250072","https://openalex.org/W2015247138","https://openalex.org/W2028453264","https://openalex.org/W2031267215","https://openalex.org/W2031576215","https://openalex.org/W2045454625","https://openalex.org/W2045690690","https://openalex.org/W2053641155","https://openalex.org/W2053823780","https://openalex.org/W2067265556","https://openalex.org/W2073377382","https://openalex.org/W2098786698","https://openalex.org/W2104251495","https://openalex.org/W2126430099","https://openalex.org/W2127951128","https://openalex.org/W2130509294","https://openalex.org/W2131155762","https://openalex.org/W2131185912","https://openalex.org/W2131632095","https://openalex.org/W2134717998","https://openalex.org/W2138009056","https://openalex.org/W2138253751","https://openalex.org/W2141977434","https://openalex.org/W2145466675","https://openalex.org/W2150202137","https://openalex.org/W2154372386","https://openalex.org/W2157167353","https://openalex.org/W2266909492","https://openalex.org/W2917600742","https://openalex.org/W2917647036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095116735","https://openalex.org/W2019737644","https://openalex.org/W2989834592","https://openalex.org/W2157992753","https://openalex.org/W2931572386","https://openalex.org/W2019965032","https://openalex.org/W4399733364","https://openalex.org/W7108249252","https://openalex.org/W2098786698","https://openalex.org/W2315688524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Cigarette":[1,120],"smoke":[2,57,73,93,113,121,171,187,197,224,246,263],"is":[3,47],"the":[4,10,106,127,269],"major":[5],"risk":[6],"factor":[7,135],"associated":[8],"with":[9,52],"development":[11],"of":[12,110,140,169,175,242,255],"chronic":[13,55,185],"obstructive":[14],"pulmonary":[15],"disease":[16],"(COPD).":[17],"Recent":[18],"studies":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,123,201,249,266],"link":[22],"between":[23],"endoplasmic":[24],"reticulum":[25],"(ER)":[26],"stress":[27,34,46,96,129,271],"and":[28,50,54,61,81,86,94,154,162],"emphysema,":[29],"demonstrated":[30],"by":[31,79],"increased":[32,173],"ER":[33,45,95,128,238,270],"markers":[35,97],"under":[36],"smoking":[37],"conditions.":[38],"Here,":[39],"we":[40],"investigate":[41],"whether":[42],"cigarette":[43,56,72,92,170,186,223,236,245,262],"smoke-induced":[44,237],"cell":[48,69,219],"specific":[49],"correlates":[51],"acute":[53,167,222],"exposure.":[58],"METHODS:":[59],"Gene":[60],"protein":[62,143],"expression":[63,190],"changes":[64],"in":[65,99,126,145,204,211,215,226,244,252,259,268],"human":[66,217],"primary":[67,146],"lung":[68,101,218,256],"cultures":[70],"following":[71,221],"extract":[74],"(CSE)":[75],"exposure":[76,225,264],"were":[77,89,116],"monitored":[78],"qPCR":[80],"Western":[82],"blot":[83],"analysis.":[84],"Mice":[85],"guinea":[87,163],"pigs":[88,164],"exposed":[90,114,165,198],"to":[91,158,166],"examined":[98],"whole":[100],"homogenates.":[102],"Inflammatory":[103],"cells":[104,153,195],"from":[105,196],"bronchoalveolar":[107],"lavage":[108],"fluid":[109],"10":[111],"days":[112],"mice":[115,161,199],"also":[117],"examined.":[118],"RESULTS:":[119],"induced":[122],"trend":[124,209],"increase":[125,203,210],"response":[130],"through":[131],"an":[132],"activating":[133],"transcription":[134],"4":[136],"(ATF4)":[137],"mediated":[138],"induction":[139,241,254],"C/EBP":[141],"homologous":[142],"(CHOP)":[144],"small":[147],"airway":[148],"epithelial":[149,152],"cells.":[150],"Bronchial":[151],"macrophages":[155],"responded":[156],"similarly":[157],"CSE.":[159],"Wild-type":[160],"levels":[168,174,213],"exhibited":[172,265],"CHOP":[176,189,212,243],"but":[177],"not":[178],"at":[179],"significant":[180,202,235],"levels.":[181],"However,":[182],"after":[183],"long-term":[184,261],"exposure,":[188],"was":[191],"reduced.":[192],"Interestingly,":[193],"inflammatory":[194,230],"had":[200],"CHOP/ATF4":[205],"expression.":[206],"CONCLUSION:":[207],"A":[208],"appear":[214],"multiple":[216],"types":[220],"vitro.":[227],"In":[228],"vivo,":[229],"cells,":[231],"predominately":[232],"macrophages,":[233],"demonstrate":[234],"stress.":[239],"Early":[240],"may":[247],"play":[248],"pivotal":[250],"role":[251],"early":[253],"disease,":[257],"however":[258],"vivo":[260],"reduction":[267],"response.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
