{"id":"https://openalex.org/W323174690","doi":null,"title":"Viewpoint: A cooler way to operate atomic clocks","display_name":"Viewpoint: A cooler way to operate atomic clocks","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W323174690","mag":"323174690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:323174690","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/Physics.2.45","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043245879","display_name":"J. Appel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-3439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-3439"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Appel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-3439","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043245879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02932781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10566","display_name":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-atomic-clocks","display_name":"optical atomic clocks","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-time","display_name":"dead time","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-transitions","display_name":"atomic transitions","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-stability","display_name":"clock stability","score":0.8059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196597080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q227467","display_name":"Atomic clock","level":2,"score":0.511232852935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4556288421154022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3794668912887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.35437679290771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.2581433057785034}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:323174690","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/Physics.2.45","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015493341","https://openalex.org/W2333099195","https://openalex.org/W3206163999","https://openalex.org/W1964242442","https://openalex.org/W2513789975","https://openalex.org/W2046297439","https://openalex.org/W4417267484","https://openalex.org/W2157081504","https://openalex.org/W1993302520","https://openalex.org/W3035829847"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dispersive":[0],"probing":[1],"of":[2,10],"an":[3],"atomic":[4,12],"transition":[5],"decreases":[6],"the":[7],"\u201cdead":[8],"time\u201d":[9],"optical":[11],"clocks,":[13],"potentially":[14],"enabling":[15],"more":[16],"stable":[17],"time":[18],"reference":[19],"standards.":[20]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
