{"id":"https://openalex.org/W32299722","doi":null,"title":"Changing patterns of sexually transmitted infections in India.","display_name":"Changing patterns of sexually transmitted infections in India.","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W32299722","mag":"32299722","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15736552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:15736552","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15736552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The National medical journal of India","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100689532","display_name":"Vinod Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-7374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-7374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63739035","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210148677","https://openalex.org/I63739035"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinod K Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India. aiimsvks@yahoo.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India. aiimsvks@yahoo.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63739035"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050917954","display_name":"Sujay Khandpur","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sujay Khandpur","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00479442,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"310","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13586","display_name":"HIV, TB, and STIs Epidemiology","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiological-trends","display_name":"epidemiological trends","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syphilis","display_name":"syphilis","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chancroid","display_name":"chancroid","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gonorrhea","display_name":"gonorrhea","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herpes-simplex-virus","display_name":"herpes simplex virus","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-papillomavirus","display_name":"human papillomavirus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlamydia","display_name":"chlamydia","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-behavior","display_name":"sexual behavior","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-prevention","display_name":"primary prevention","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syndromic-management","display_name":"syndromic management","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-prophylaxis","display_name":"antibiotic prophylaxis","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7121267914772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41083","display_name":"Syphilis","level":3,"score":0.6419882774353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6136868000030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5909110903739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121752807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981388","display_name":"Reproductive health","level":3,"score":0.514842689037323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4728957414627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777871504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31798","display_name":"Chancroid","level":4,"score":0.44051626324653625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.42577263712882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853451","display_name":"Men who have sex with men","level":4,"score":0.4246731698513031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3659595251083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.350785493850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.22870633006095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10656702518463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.09827646613121033}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007194","descriptor_name":"India","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012749","descriptor_name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:15736552","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15736552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The National medical journal of India","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:32299722","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15736552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1619083493","https://openalex.org/W1809644620","https://openalex.org/W1920604003","https://openalex.org/W1920952588","https://openalex.org/W1968234252","https://openalex.org/W1972204674","https://openalex.org/W1973380042","https://openalex.org/W1975663485","https://openalex.org/W1976655891","https://openalex.org/W1984532045","https://openalex.org/W2020438145","https://openalex.org/W2042008937","https://openalex.org/W2044164177","https://openalex.org/W2057418848","https://openalex.org/W2059083569","https://openalex.org/W2062637797","https://openalex.org/W2068407327","https://openalex.org/W2079673038","https://openalex.org/W2089413556","https://openalex.org/W2096913544","https://openalex.org/W2097541712","https://openalex.org/W2098008729","https://openalex.org/W2099111137","https://openalex.org/W2104195235","https://openalex.org/W2108632093","https://openalex.org/W2108747912","https://openalex.org/W2112981414","https://openalex.org/W2116498015","https://openalex.org/W2121264929","https://openalex.org/W2124673576","https://openalex.org/W2126149568","https://openalex.org/W2134739555","https://openalex.org/W2141662760","https://openalex.org/W2143756124","https://openalex.org/W2149431936","https://openalex.org/W2153383900","https://openalex.org/W2153388523","https://openalex.org/W2155146717","https://openalex.org/W2159946871","https://openalex.org/W2163691729","https://openalex.org/W2169214947","https://openalex.org/W2204688218","https://openalex.org/W2223535266","https://openalex.org/W2288987572","https://openalex.org/W2313553984","https://openalex.org/W2519976593","https://openalex.org/W2588377224","https://openalex.org/W2607548721","https://openalex.org/W2610395956","https://openalex.org/W2736166064","https://openalex.org/W2750024737","https://openalex.org/W2765816749","https://openalex.org/W2769264260","https://openalex.org/W2773598052","https://openalex.org/W2773969925","https://openalex.org/W2789906464","https://openalex.org/W2791665339","https://openalex.org/W2791837202","https://openalex.org/W2804416221","https://openalex.org/W2809462366","https://openalex.org/W2884203726","https://openalex.org/W2884902719","https://openalex.org/W2894993577","https://openalex.org/W2898959782","https://openalex.org/W2900316630","https://openalex.org/W2910908757","https://openalex.org/W2915807915","https://openalex.org/W2916130383","https://openalex.org/W2931041490","https://openalex.org/W2939222610","https://openalex.org/W2944577123","https://openalex.org/W2947862922","https://openalex.org/W2951530707","https://openalex.org/W2969944916","https://openalex.org/W2996942268","https://openalex.org/W4242474094","https://openalex.org/W4252100093","https://openalex.org/W6636312718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183044116","https://openalex.org/W2069416265","https://openalex.org/W3140316594","https://openalex.org/W7163131652","https://openalex.org/W2597933440","https://openalex.org/W4312401019","https://openalex.org/W2728114047","https://openalex.org/W2887080028","https://openalex.org/W2001996747","https://openalex.org/W3135801052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sexually":[0],"transmitted":[1,92],"infections":[2,190,202,284],"(STIs)":[3],"are":[4,114,145],"more":[5],"dynamic":[6],"than":[7,329],"other":[8],"diseases":[9],"prevailing":[10],"in":[11,75,111,265,268,272,280,289],"the":[12,47,51,57,66,88,123,129,136,142,176,185,197,222,224,238,252,256,290,301,309],"community.":[13],"Their":[14],"epidemiological":[15,269],"profile":[16],"varies":[17],"from":[18,23,159],"country":[19,21],"to":[20,26,316],"and":[22,36,56,61,77,172,187,194,208,235,240,255,282,285,305,326,333],"one":[24],"region":[25],"another":[27],"within":[28],"a":[29,44,103,150,278,286,298,317],"country,":[30],"depending":[31],"upon":[32],"ethnographic,":[33],"demographic,":[34],"socioeconomic":[35],"health":[37,249],"factors.":[38,81],"The":[39],"clinical":[40],"pattern":[41],"is":[42,149,336],"also":[43,99,118],"result":[45],"of":[46,59,69,141,152,226,243,248,258,261,292,300,303,311],"interaction":[48],"among":[49],"pathogens,":[50],"behaviours":[52],"that":[53,113,183,214],"transmit":[54],"them":[55],"effectiveness":[58],"preventive":[60],"control":[62,310],"interventions.":[63],"We":[64],"reviewed":[65],"changing":[67],"patterns":[68],"different":[70],"STIs":[71,314],"(excluding":[72],"HIV":[73],"infection)":[74],"India":[76],"their":[78,330],"various":[79],"risk":[80,161],"A":[82],"MEDLINE":[83],"search":[84,105,178],"was":[85,117,126,138,181],"undertaken":[86],"using":[87],"key":[89],"words":[90],"'sexually":[91],"infections,":[93],"epidemiology,":[94],"India'.":[95],"Related":[96],"articles":[97],"were":[98,196,211],"searched.":[100],"In":[101],"addition,":[102],"manual":[104],"for":[106,156],"many":[107],"Indian":[108],"articles,":[109],"published":[110,143],"journals":[112],"not":[115,133],"indexed":[116],"carried":[119],"out.":[120],"Wherever":[121],"possible,":[122],"full":[124,130],"article":[125,131],"reviewed.":[127],"If":[128],"could":[132],"be":[134],"traced,":[135],"abstract":[137],"used.":[139],"Most":[140],"data":[144],"institution":[146],"based.":[147],"There":[148],"paucity":[151],"community-based":[153],"data,":[154],"except":[155],"information":[157],"obtained":[158],"high":[160],"groups":[162],"such":[163],"as":[164,218],"commercial":[165],"sex":[166],"workers,":[167],"truck":[168],"drivers,":[169],"hotel":[170],"workers":[171],"drug":[173],"abusers.":[174],"From":[175],"literature":[177],"undertaken,":[179],"it":[180],"observed":[182],"during":[184],"1960s":[186],"1970s,":[188],"bacterial":[189,342],"including":[191],"syphilis,":[192],"chancroid":[193],"gonorrhoea":[195],"major":[198,266],"STIs,":[199],"while":[200],"viral":[201,281,313],"caused":[203],"by":[204],"herpes":[205],"simplex":[206],"virus":[207,229],"human":[209,227],"papillomavirus":[210],"so":[212],"rare":[213],"they":[215],"merited":[216],"publication":[217],"case":[219],"reports.":[220],"Since":[221],"1980s,":[223],"spread":[225],"immunodeficiency":[228],"(HIV)":[230],"with":[231],"subsequent":[232],"behavioural":[233],"(sexual":[234],"healthcare)":[236],"change,":[237],"indiscriminate":[239],"prophylactic":[241],"use":[242],"over-the-counter":[244],"broad-spectrum":[245],"antibiotics,":[246],"upgradation":[247],"services":[250],"at":[251,323],"primary":[253,324],"level":[254],"success":[257],"'syndromic'":[259],"approach":[260],"treatment,":[262,334],"has":[263,276,296],"resulted":[264],"changes":[267],"patterns.":[270],"As":[271],"developed":[273],"countries,":[274],"there":[275],"been":[277],"rise":[279],"chlamydial":[283],"relative":[287],"fall":[288],"incidence":[291],"traditional":[293],"infections.":[294],"This":[295],"forced":[297],"reappraisal":[299],"importance":[302],"sexual":[304],"healthcare":[306],"behaviours,":[307],"since":[308],"incurable":[312],"depends":[315],"great":[318],"extent":[319],"on":[320],"societal":[321],"efforts":[322],"prevention":[325],"counselling":[327],"rather":[328],"early":[331],"diagnosis":[332],"which":[335],"an":[337],"effective":[338],"strategy":[339],"against":[340],"curable":[341],"STIs.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}