{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217746265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","title":"The Challenge of Estimating Treatment Effects in Cardiac Surgery","display_name":"The Challenge of Estimating Treatment Effects in Cardiac Surgery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217746265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","mag":"3217746265","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34817531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015654","display_name":"JAMA Cardiology","issn_l":"2380-6583","issn":["2380-6583","2380-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Cardiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078997813","display_name":"Mario F.L. Gaudino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4680-0815","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4680-0815","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7529-438X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Gaudino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018747383","display_name":"Mary E. Charlson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-1014","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-1014"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Charlson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluative Sciences Research, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluative Sciences Research, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012657061","display_name":"Frank William Sellke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-801X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-801X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800446032","display_name":"Rhode Island Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01aw9fv09","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800446032","https://openalex.org/I4210151747"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Sellke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330","https://openalex.org/I2800446032"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6901,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74155184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"12","first_page":"1355","last_page":"1355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11055","display_name":"Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques","score":0.04039999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11930","display_name":"Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes","score":0.014000000432133675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-effect-estimation","display_name":"treatment effect estimation","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-surgery","display_name":"cardiac surgery","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-outcomes","display_name":"surgical outcomes","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-controlled-trials","display_name":"randomized controlled trials","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-studies","display_name":"observational studies","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.966048002243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778789114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235007","display_name":"Cardiac surgery","level":2,"score":0.4980752468109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.44594821333885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4426089823246002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3117707371711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006331","descriptor_name":"Heart Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006348","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Surgical Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.4833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015654","display_name":"JAMA Cardiology","issn_l":"2380-6583","issn":["2380-6583","2380-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Cardiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34817531","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34817531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA cardiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127580841","https://openalex.org/W2658724517","https://openalex.org/W2899993557","https://openalex.org/W2935574669","https://openalex.org/W3013269627","https://openalex.org/W3115076409","https://openalex.org/W3173624210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2805917372","https://openalex.org/W2333767884","https://openalex.org/W2413174377","https://openalex.org/W4254336210","https://openalex.org/W2039051018","https://openalex.org/W2435519773","https://openalex.org/W2156177666","https://openalex.org/W2409315984","https://openalex.org/W2296464169","https://openalex.org/W4249021592"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-12-06T00:00:00"}
