{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216413639","doi":null,"title":"Demulsification efficiency of water-in-oil emulsion using non-ionic surfactants","display_name":"Demulsification efficiency of water-in-oil emulsion using non-ionic surfactants","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216413639","mag":"3216413639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:84181","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","pdf_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061183199","display_name":"Murtada Mohammed Abdulredha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Murtada Mohammed Abdulredha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061183199"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10721","display_name":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-in-oil-emulsions","display_name":"water-in-oil emulsions","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonionic-surfactants","display_name":"nonionic surfactants","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demulsification-efficiency","display_name":"demulsification efficiency","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crude-oil-desalting","display_name":"crude oil desalting","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycerol","display_name":"glycerol","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triethylene-glycol","display_name":"triethylene glycol","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propargylic-alcohols","display_name":"propargylic alcohols","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surfactant-dosage","display_name":"surfactant dosage","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-separation","display_name":"water separation","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrophilic-lipophilic-balance","display_name":"hydrophilic-lipophilic balance","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulsion-stability","display_name":"emulsion stability","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-composite-design","display_name":"central composite design","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorial-design","display_name":"factorial design","score":0.9200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.8909733891487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150077022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136137","display_name":"Response surface methodology","level":2,"score":0.6217952370643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92397422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062082","display_name":"Central composite design","level":3,"score":0.6149733662605286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32236832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80228","display_name":"Bottle","level":2,"score":0.5983999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16469947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2400745","display_name":"Fractional factorial design","level":3,"score":0.5725729465484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776369308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907735","display_name":"Design\u2013Expert","level":3,"score":0.5592870116233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169222746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116558","display_name":"Factorial experiment","level":2,"score":0.5540103316307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.5435000658035278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58226133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324199","display_name":"Pulmonary surfactant","level":2,"score":0.5392786860466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.47175413370132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.46900081634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.4620586633682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.43659600615501404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65646983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904035","display_name":"Defoamer","level":4,"score":0.4142833948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3915061354637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.38582947850227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2024981677532196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17068853974342346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15987738966941833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.13984903693199158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145889102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902420","display_name":"Dispersant","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:84181","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","pdf_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:3216413639","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:84181","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","pdf_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84181/1/FK%202019%2092%20-%20IR.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216413639.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216413639.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2971902468","https://openalex.org/W7223250240","https://openalex.org/W4367396783","https://openalex.org/W3132127291","https://openalex.org/W7116732502","https://openalex.org/W3118864267","https://openalex.org/W7202135928","https://openalex.org/W2763359036","https://openalex.org/W6887894167","https://openalex.org/W2949641539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,15,27,42,50,61,68,106,114,149,174,188,275,286,322,324,330,338,381],"the":[2,7,13,25,32,48,51,66,85,91,112,172,186,191,195,204,224,233,237,244,252,266,276,284,290,320,328,331,335,342,357,364,378,418,427],"main":[3,104,291],"problems":[4],"faced":[5],"by":[6,98,135,193,326],"petroleum":[8,59,86],"industry":[9],"is":[10,19,77,81,109],"growth":[11],"in":[12,31,55,84,131,250,319,349,356],"presence":[14],"salty":[16],"water":[17,29,52,325,339,370,382],"that":[18,201,243,274,289,377,417],"accompanies":[20],"crude":[21,43,56,75],"oil":[22,33,44,76,332],"productions.":[23],"However,":[24],"spread":[26],"small":[28],"droplets":[30,53],"phase":[34],"produces":[35],"a":[36,69,228,308],"very":[37,82,346],"stable":[38],"emulsion.":[39,313],"The":[40,103,141,198,240,397,430],"contents":[41],"contribute":[45],"to":[46,110,170,184,222,259],"enhancing":[47],"stability":[49,352],"dispersed":[54],"oil,":[57],"making":[58],"demulsification":[60,71,96,160,208,238,323],"emulsion":[62,80,97,134,351,358],"more":[63],"difficult":[64],"and":[65,73,128,156,226,262,297,305,333,359,371,402,435,442],"development":[67],"new":[70],"method":[72,93],"desalting":[74],"necessary.":[78],"Water-in-oil":[79],"common":[83],"industry.":[87],"In":[88],"this":[89,107],"study,":[90],"chemical":[92],"used":[94,166],"for":[95,231,236,269,388,394,407,421,433,445],"using":[99,136,194],"surface":[100],"active":[101],"agents.":[102],"objective":[105],"study":[108,171],"determine":[111],"capability":[113,257],"three":[115,245,389,395,408,422,446],"surface-active":[116],"agents":[117],"as":[118,167,410,412],"non-ionic":[119],"demulsifiers,":[120],"namely":[121],"Propargyl":[122,263],"Alcohol":[123,264],"(PA),":[124],"Triethylene":[125,260],"Glycol":[126,261],"(TG)":[127],"Glycerol":[129,202,254,270],"(G),":[130],"breaking":[132,312],"water-in-oil":[133],"bottle":[137],"test":[138],"tube":[139],"method.":[140],"eer":[142],"eroh":[143],"hguoin":[144],"gnf":[145],"nif":[146],"optimal":[147,234,431],"value":[148,235,432],"temperature,":[150],"toluene":[151,303],"concentration,":[152],"surfactant":[153,294,355,361],"dose,":[154],"pressure":[155,306],"setting":[157],"time":[158,298,344,437],"on":[159,177,190,207,215,311,363],"efficiency.":[161,209],"Design":[162,212],"Expert":[163],"software":[164],"was":[165,220,271,281,345,375,405],"an":[168,316],"approach":[169],"effects":[173],"five":[175],"parameters":[176,292,348],"output":[178],"response.":[179],"Factorial":[180],"designs":[181],"were":[182,293,438],"utilised":[183],"describe":[185],"effect":[187,206,310],"factors":[189],"response":[192],"Pareto":[196],"chart.":[197],"result":[199],"shows":[200,255],"has":[203],"highest":[205,300],"Central":[210],"Composite":[211],"(CCD)":[213],"based":[214],"Response":[216],"Surface":[217],"Methodology":[218],"(RSM)":[219],"employed":[221],"design":[223],"experiments":[225],"establish":[227],"mathematical":[229],"model":[230],"finding":[232],"process.":[239],"results":[241],"show":[242],"surfactants":[246,423],"achieved":[247],"high":[248,256,386],"performance":[249],"separating":[251],"water.":[253],"compared":[258],"because":[265],"hydrophilic-lipophilic":[267],"balance":[268],"higher":[272],"than":[273],"other":[277],"two":[278,368],"surfactants.":[279,396],"It":[280],"concluded":[282],"from":[283],"analysis":[285],"variance":[287],"(ANOVA)":[288],"dosage,":[295],"temperature":[296,387,434],"with":[299],"F-values.":[301],"While":[302],"concentration":[304],"had":[307],"limited":[309],"Temperature":[314],"played":[315],"essential":[317],"role":[318],"process":[321],"reducing":[327],"viscosity":[329],"increase":[334],"kinetics":[336],"energy":[337],"droplets.":[340],"Additionally,":[341],"sitting":[343,436],"important":[347],"destabilizing":[350],"through":[353],"diffusing":[354],"adsorbing":[360],"molecules":[362],"interfacial":[365],"film":[366],"between":[367,399],"phase\u2019s":[369],"oil.":[372],"Moreover,":[373],"it":[374],"found":[376],"maximum":[379],"separation":[380],"occurred":[383],"approximately":[384,391,439],"at":[385],"models":[390,409,420],"above":[392,440],"85\u2103":[393,441],"difference":[398],"predicted":[400],"R2":[401,404],"adjusted":[403],"reasonable":[406],"well":[411],"diagnostic":[413],"plots":[414],"all":[415],"showed":[416],"developed":[419],"could":[424],"adequately":[425],"predict":[426],"experimental":[428],"outcome.":[429],"100min,":[443],"respectively,":[444],"models.":[447]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2021-12-06T00:00:00"}