{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216111199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","title":"Return of the Righting Reflex Does Not Portend Recovery of Cognitive Function in Anesthetized Rats","display_name":"Return of the Righting Reflex Does Not Portend Recovery of Cognitive Function in Anesthetized Rats","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216111199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","mag":"3216111199","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34867222","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8637163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97434221","display_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5137","issn":["1662-5137"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010665084","display_name":"Kathleen F. Vincent","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-9998","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-9998"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen F. Vincent","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070911122","display_name":"Edlyn R. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-7113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-7113"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edlyn R. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060571872","display_name":"Risako Kato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-3294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-3294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Risako Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029887249","display_name":"Angel Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3650-1226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3650-1226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200437953","display_name":"Touro College","ror":"https://ror.org/05hwfvk38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200437953"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angel Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200437953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091083715","display_name":"Olivia A. Moody","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-235X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-235X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivia A. Moody","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008583793","display_name":"Ken Solt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-2062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-2062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ken Solt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts's General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008583793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":2.5775,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90498121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"762096","last_page":"762096"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.4997999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.4997999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12963","display_name":"Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research","score":0.48240000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2806","display_name":"Developmental Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/five-choice-serial-reaction-time-task","display_name":"5-choice serial reaction time task","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustained-attention","display_name":"sustained attention","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibitory-control","display_name":"inhibitory control","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoflurane","display_name":"isoflurane","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sevoflurane","display_name":"sevoflurane","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propofol","display_name":"propofol","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ketamine","display_name":"ketamine","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dexmedetomidine","display_name":"dexmedetomidine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/level-of-consciousness","display_name":"level of consciousness","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthesia-recovery","display_name":"anesthesia recovery","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operant-conditioning","display_name":"operant conditioning","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.7301872968673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413918","display_name":"Isoflurane","level":2,"score":0.7128447890281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131783052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7333746","display_name":"Righting reflex","level":3,"score":0.5777803659439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422740","display_name":"Propofol","level":2,"score":0.5467291474342346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780795376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243547","display_name":"Ketamine","level":2,"score":0.5350059270858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5326157808303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.46636781096458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43376680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6580786","display_name":"Bolus (digestion)","level":2,"score":0.4475744366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31691690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753979","display_name":"Timeout","level":2,"score":0.4404958188533783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4397144615650177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781453256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419394","display_name":"Sevoflurane","level":2,"score":0.4279135465621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.4050736129283905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.32733601331710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.21932968497276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.14579007029533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08206003904342651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97434221","display_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5137","issn":["1662-5137"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8637163","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8637163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Syst Neurosci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34867222","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34867222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in systems neuroscience","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b8f6a32d3f744d29dafd5dab8d3c81d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b8f6a32d3f744d29dafd5dab8d3c81d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2021.762096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97434221","display_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5137","issn":["1662-5137"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3517441868","display_name":"The Anesthetic Circuitry of the Midbrain","funder_award_id":"R01GM126155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7578592796","display_name":"Reanimation and Cognitive Recovery from General Anesthesia","funder_award_id":"220020406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306183","funder_display_name":"James S. McDonnell Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306183","display_name":"James S. McDonnell Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03dy4aq19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216111199.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216111199.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37953036","https://openalex.org/W93352666","https://openalex.org/W1492382073","https://openalex.org/W1502160784","https://openalex.org/W1563989139","https://openalex.org/W1967558094","https://openalex.org/W1988863819","https://openalex.org/W1990922754","https://openalex.org/W1993351768","https://openalex.org/W2007020201","https://openalex.org/W2007311340","https://openalex.org/W2012826488","https://openalex.org/W2013758610","https://openalex.org/W2015303758","https://openalex.org/W2024672968","https://openalex.org/W2028127185","https://openalex.org/W2039461490","https://openalex.org/W2043861297","https://openalex.org/W2044142012","https://openalex.org/W2055101298","https://openalex.org/W2060910799","https://openalex.org/W2092211150","https://openalex.org/W2092405763","https://openalex.org/W2113982407","https://openalex.org/W2120795431","https://openalex.org/W2121190453","https://openalex.org/W2134668678","https://openalex.org/W2135365213","https://openalex.org/W2149895816","https://openalex.org/W2171679113","https://openalex.org/W2503694124","https://openalex.org/W2576234460","https://openalex.org/W2620353503","https://openalex.org/W2702268872","https://openalex.org/W2772713599","https://openalex.org/W2779198613","https://openalex.org/W2794329512","https://openalex.org/W2794797278","https://openalex.org/W2898186910","https://openalex.org/W2903926230","https://openalex.org/W2909954110","https://openalex.org/W2924947184","https://openalex.org/W2938728864","https://openalex.org/W2952126994","https://openalex.org/W2991217205","https://openalex.org/W3018777387","https://openalex.org/W3026291620","https://openalex.org/W3047990435","https://openalex.org/W3048369583","https://openalex.org/W3089010472","https://openalex.org/W3106140407","https://openalex.org/W3117612416","https://openalex.org/W3160412742","https://openalex.org/W3160774240","https://openalex.org/W3178309448","https://openalex.org/W4230399767","https://openalex.org/W4238708480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215042610","https://openalex.org/W2038288618","https://openalex.org/W4413365927","https://openalex.org/W2622034449","https://openalex.org/W2089663615","https://openalex.org/W2021793310","https://openalex.org/W4407418175","https://openalex.org/W2938728864","https://openalex.org/W2034274585","https://openalex.org/W3032612879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,37,45,60,85,93,104,117,121,130,229,301],"number":[2],"of":[3,27,39,47,87,106,132,198,218,232,244,268,280,300,315,325,341],"individuals":[4],"undergoing":[5],"general":[6],"anesthesia":[7],"rises":[8],"globally,":[9],"it":[10],"becomes":[11],"increasingly":[12],"important":[13],"to":[14,67,97,99,183,337],"understand":[15],"how":[16,330],"consciousness":[17,28],"and":[18,73,78,135,170,173,205,226,237,288],"cognition":[19],"are":[20,29,110],"restored":[21],"after":[22,146],"anesthesia.":[23],"In":[24,92],"rodents,":[25],"levels":[26,324],"traditionally":[30],"captured":[31],"by":[32],"physiological":[33],"responses":[34,138,202],"such":[35],"as":[36,81,191,206],"return":[38],"righting":[40],"reflex":[41],"(RORR).":[42],"However,":[43],"tracking":[44],"recovery":[46,142,314,340],"cognitive":[48],"function":[49,317,343],"is":[50,305],"comparatively":[51],"difficult.":[52],"Here":[53],"we":[54,127],"use":[55],"an":[56,242],"operant":[57,331],"conditioning":[58,332],"task,":[59],"5-choice":[61],"serial":[62],"reaction":[63],"time":[64,122],"task":[65],"(5-CSRTT),":[66],"measure":[68],"sustained":[69],"attention,":[70],"working":[71],"memory,":[72],"inhibitory":[74],"control":[75],"in":[76,254,263,323],"male":[77],"female":[79],"rats":[80,95,233,269,283],"they":[82,213],"recover":[83,285,292],"from":[84,321],"effects":[86],"several":[88],"different":[89,345],"clinical":[90],"anesthetics.":[91],"5-CSRTT,":[94],"learn":[96],"attend":[98],"a":[100,107,265],"five-windowed":[101],"touchscreen":[102],"for":[103,115,149,154,181],"presentation":[105],"stimulus.":[108],"Rats":[109,188],"rewarded":[111],"with":[112,308],"food":[113],"pellets":[114],"selecting":[116],"correct":[118,133],"window":[119],"within":[120,241,251,270,296],"limit.":[123],"During":[124],"each":[125],"session":[126],"tracked":[128],"both":[129,235],"proportion":[131],"(accuracy)":[134],"missed":[136,214],"(omissions)":[137],"over":[139,167,178],"time.":[140],"Cognitive":[141],"trajectories":[143],"were":[144,189,203],"assessed":[145],"isoflurane":[147],"(2%":[148],"1":[150],"h),":[151],"sevoflurane":[152],"(3%":[153],"20":[155],"min),":[156,169],"propofol":[157,227],"(10":[158],"mg/kg":[159,164],"I.V.":[160,165,176],"bolus),":[161],"ketamine":[162],"(50":[163],"infusion":[166],"10":[168,179],"dexmedetomidine":[171],"(20":[172],"35":[174],"\u03bcg/kg":[175],"infusions":[177],"min)":[180],"up":[182],"3":[184,271,297],"h":[185,253],"following":[186,274,344],"RORR.":[187,245],"classified":[190],"having":[192,207],"recovered":[193,208,234],"accuracy":[194,236,248,286],"performance":[195,211,240,249,261,295],"when":[196,212],"four":[197],"their":[199,219],"last":[200,220],"five":[201,221],"correct,":[204],"low":[209,238,259,278,293],"omission":[210,239,260,294],"one":[215],"or":[216,277],"fewer":[217,290],"trials.":[222],"Following":[223,246],"isoflurane,":[224],"sevoflurane,":[225],"anesthesia,":[228],"majority":[230],"(63-88%)":[231],"hour":[243],"ketamine,":[247],"recovers":[250,262],"2":[252],"most":[255],"(63%)":[256],"rats,":[257],"but":[258],"only":[264],"minority":[266],"(32%)":[267],"h.":[272,298],"Finally,":[273],"either":[275],"high":[276],"doses":[279],"dexmedetomidine,":[281],"few":[282],"(25-32%)":[284],"performance,":[287,310],"even":[289],"(0-13%)":[291],"Regardless":[299],"anesthetic,":[302],"RORR":[303],"latency":[304],"not":[306],"correlated":[307],"5-CSRTT":[309],"which":[311],"suggests":[312],"that":[313],"neurocognitive":[316,342],"cannot":[318],"be":[319,335],"inferred":[320],"changes":[322],"consciousness.":[326],"These":[327],"results":[328],"demonstrate":[329],"tasks":[333],"can":[334],"used":[336],"assess":[338],"real-time":[339],"anesthetic":[346],"regimens.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-12-06T00:00:00"}
