{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215636742","doi":null,"title":"Investigation of High Speed Silicon Wet Bulk Micromachining in KOH-based Solution","display_name":"Investigation of High Speed Silicon Wet Bulk Micromachining in KOH-based Solution","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215636742","mag":"3215636742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:raiith.iith.ac.in:7035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://raiith.iith.ac.in/7035/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400292","display_name":"Research Archive of Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087102626","display_name":"V. N. Avvaru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. N. Avvaru","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025481205","display_name":"Prem Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-9769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-9769"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prem Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11451","display_name":"Advanced Machining and Optimization Techniques","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-bulk-micromachining","display_name":"silicon bulk micromachining","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropic-wet-etching","display_name":"anisotropic wet etching","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/koh-etchant","display_name":"KOH etchant","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etch-rate-enhancement","display_name":"etch rate enhancement","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-activation","display_name":"ultrasonic activation","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-irradiation","display_name":"microwave irradiation","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems-fabrication","display_name":"MEMS fabrication","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sio2-mask","display_name":"SiO2 mask","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/si3n4-mask","display_name":"Si3N4 mask","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etch-selectivity","display_name":"etch selectivity","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145667562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646003","display_name":"Surface micromachining","level":4,"score":0.9182016849517822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41075158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4996485","display_name":"Bulk micromachining","level":5,"score":0.8250452876091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7965477705001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100460472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368605","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","level":3,"score":0.7114015221595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1291036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191918","display_name":"Dry etching","level":4,"score":0.6369619965553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37977207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175561","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","level":2,"score":0.5805928707122803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33220542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6086567","display_name":"Isotropic etching","level":4,"score":0.5327653288841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5277774333953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130472188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640159","display_name":"Reactive-ion etching","level":4,"score":0.5252327919006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132298","display_name":"Potassium hydroxide","level":2,"score":0.4625723958015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.42154577374458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.36181187629699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3455330431461334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11069780588150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:raiith.iith.ac.in:7035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://raiith.iith.ac.in/7035/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400292","display_name":"Research Archive of Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:3215636742","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://raiith.iith.ac.in/7035/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3155164087","https://openalex.org/W3178931881","https://openalex.org/W4311074762","https://openalex.org/W2617076870","https://openalex.org/W4306827631","https://openalex.org/W7223344056","https://openalex.org/W2025502181","https://openalex.org/W3042707941","https://openalex.org/W2372319991","https://openalex.org/W4413980262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Micromachining":[0],"is":[1,28,50,71,86,92,107,185,222,235,282,439,449,488,525,538,568,641,699],"the":[2,8,48,59,82,110,120,204,210,219,227,253,258,273,279,283,286,290,301,315,326,330,336,347,351,381,390,393,403,446,471,492,522,556,572,578,586,600,610,619,635,658,668,704,720,726],"most":[3,111,171],"widely":[4],"used":[5,51,173,248,260,312],"technique":[6,694],"for":[7,22,115,119,175,288],"fabrication":[9,121,214],"of":[10,13,25,66,84,109,122,125,212,239,246,270,285,353,380,392,395,406,422,425,433,474,486,518,544,560,580,588,602,630,638,650,670,706,722,728],"various":[11,361,423,542],"types":[12],"microelectromechanical":[14],"systems":[15],"(MEMS)":[16],"components":[17],"such":[18,127],"as":[19,52,128,618],"cantilever,":[20,129],"diaphragm":[21],"different":[23,123],"kinds":[24,124,543,629,649],"devices.":[26],"It":[27],"classified":[29],"in":[30,56,206,215,398,431,551,575,577,627,644,725],"two":[31,182],"categories:":[32],"surface":[33,39,459],"micromachining":[34,58,70,91,118],"and":[35,47,76,166,190,198,209,307,328,372,375,409,442,461,477,512,536,701,711],"bulk":[36,57,67,78,90,117,584,646],"\\nmicromachining.":[37],"In":[38,686],"micromachining,":[40,79,585],"microstructures":[41],"are":[42,61,170,412,466,482,625],"fabricated":[43,603],"using":[44,94],"deposited":[45],"\\nlayers":[46],"substrate":[49],"support":[53],"material,":[54],"while":[55],"\\nmicrostructures":[60,126],"realized":[62],"by":[63,718],"selective":[64],"removal":[65],"material.":[68],"Bulk":[69],"\\nfurther":[72],"subdivided":[73],"into":[74],"dry":[75,140],"wet":[77,89,95,176,216,583,631,645],"depending":[80],"on":[81,321,329,389,402,521,663,683,696,709],"type":[83],"\\netchant/etching":[85],"used.":[87],"Although":[88],"performed":[93],"etching,":[96,218],"\\nthe":[97],"etching":[98,106,135,141,178,376,404,447,453,497,506,559,573],"may":[99],"be":[100],"anisotropic":[101,105,134,177,217,632],"or":[102,357],"isotropic.":[103],"Wet":[104,133],"one":[108,322],"popular":[112],"\\netching":[113,523],"methods":[114],"silicon":[116,475,481,561],"diaphragm,":[130],"cavity,":[131],"etc.":[132,162],"has":[136,676],"several":[137],"\\nadvantages":[138],"over":[139],"including":[142,455],"low":[143,187],"cost,":[144],"simple":[145,566,690],"experimental":[146],"setup,":[147],"easy":[148],"handling,":[149],"\\nbatch":[150],"processing,":[151],"orientation":[152],"dependent":[153],"etch":[154,193,229,244,280,337,348,456,472,510,534,620],"rate,":[155],"unmatched":[156],"capability":[157],"to":[158,226,266,313,429,490,494,531,540,547,570,598,656,679],"release":[159],"mechanical":[160],"\\nstructures,":[161],"\\nPotassium":[163],"hydroxide":[164,168],"(KOH)":[165],"tetramethylammonium":[167],"(TMAH)":[169],"\\nextensively":[172],"etchants":[174,208,249,274],"process.":[179],"Amongst":[180],"these":[181,319],"etchants,":[183],"\\nKOH":[184,576],"a":[186,296,565,595,689],"cost":[188],"etchant":[189,519,528],"provides":[191,504],"high":[192,533,557],"rate":[194,281,338,349,473,511,621],"anisotropy":[195],"between":[196],"Si{111}":[197,623,684,712],"\\nSi{100}":[199],"(or":[200],"Si{110})":[201],"planes.":[202,417],"Despite":[203],"advancements":[205],"characterizing":[207],"\\nadvantage":[211],"batch":[213],"industrial":[220,233,291],"throughput":[221,234,254],"still":[223,236],"\\nlimited":[224],"due":[225,265],"slow":[228],"rate.":[230,303,317],"So,":[231],"increasing":[232,278],"an":[237,267],"area":[238,727],"active":[240],"\\nresearch.":[241],"The":[242,304,484,516,527,605,715],"slower":[243],"rates":[245],"commonly":[247],"not":[250,334],"only":[251],"1imits":[252],"but":[255],"\\nalso":[256],"affects":[257],"frequently":[259],"masking":[261],"layer":[262],"(e.g.":[263,355,661],"SiO2)":[264],"increased":[268],"time":[269],"contact":[271],"\\nwith":[272],"(say":[275],"KOH).":[276],"Thus,":[277],"need":[284],"hour":[287],"\\nenhancing":[289],"production.":[292],"There":[293],"have":[294,310,653],"been":[295,311,654,677],"few":[297],"attempts":[298],"toward":[299],"enhancing":[300],"\\netch":[302,316],"ultrasonic":[305],"agitation":[306],"microwave":[308],"irradiation":[309],"increase":[314],"However,":[318],"techniques":[320],"hand":[323,332],"usually":[324],"damage":[325],"structures":[327,546],"\\nother":[331],"do":[333],"improve":[335],"significantly.":[339,515],"Another":[340],"direction":[341,593,611,640],"which":[342,411,509],"was":[343,350],"explored":[344],"\\ntoward":[345],"improving":[346],"addition":[352],"additives":[354],"redox-system":[356],"\\ncomplexants,":[358],"oxidizing":[359],"agents,":[360],"ion-typed":[362],"surfactants,":[363],"metallic":[364],"impurities":[365],"(Ni,":[366],"Al,":[367],"Cu,":[368],"\\nZn,":[369],"Fe,":[370],"Cr":[371],"Na),":[373],"etc.)":[374],"at":[377,463],"boiling":[378],"point":[379],"etchant.":[382,633],"\\n":[383],"\\nThe":[384],"present":[385],"thesis":[386,716],"work":[387],"focuses":[388],"study":[391],"effect":[394,444,517],"hydroxylamine":[396],"(NH2OH)":[397],"20":[399,436,501],"\\nwt%":[400],"KOH":[401,438,503],"characteristics":[405,448,454,507,524],"Si{100},":[407],"Si{110}":[408,664,710],"Si{111},":[410],"known":[413],"\\nas":[414],"principal":[415],"crystalline":[416],"A":[418],"systematic":[419],"parametric":[420],"analysis":[421],"concentrations":[424],"\\nhydroxylamine":[426],"(from":[427],"0":[428],"20%":[430],"step":[432],"5%)":[434],"added":[435],"wt%":[437,502],"carried":[440],"out":[441],"its":[443,478,549],"\\non":[445],"discussed.":[450],"Mainly":[451],"three":[452],"\\nrate,":[457],"etched":[458],"morphology":[460],"undercutting":[462,513,537,617],"convex":[464],"corners":[465],"systematically":[467],"studied.":[468],"\\nIn":[469,582],"addition,":[470],"dioxide":[476],"selectivity":[479],"with":[480,609],"investigated.":[483,526],"\\nconcentration":[485],"NH2OH":[487],"varied":[489],"optimize":[491],"concentration":[493],"achieve":[495,532],"best":[496,669],"\\ncharacteristics.":[498],"15%":[499],"NH2OH-added":[500,563],"improved":[505],"\\nin":[508,562],"increases":[514],"age":[520],"composition":[529],"optimized":[530],"\\nrate":[535],"exploited":[539],"fabricate":[541],"suspended":[545],"\\ndemonstrate":[548],"application":[550],"MEMS":[552],"fabrication.":[553],"To":[554,667],"explain":[555],"speed":[558],"KOH,":[564],"model":[567],"presented":[569],"describe":[571],"mechanism":[574],"presence":[579],"NH2OH.":[581],"alignment":[587],"mask":[589,606],"edges":[590,607],"along":[591],"crystallographic":[592,639,659],"\\nplays":[594],"significant":[596],"role":[597],"control":[599],"dimensions":[601],"structures.":[604],"\\naligned":[608],"comprising":[612],"{111}":[613],"planes":[614,624],"exhibit":[615],"least":[616],"\\nof":[622],"slowest":[626],"all":[628],"Hence":[634],"precise":[636],"\\nidentification":[637],"very":[642],"important":[643],"micromachining.":[647],"\\nVarious":[648],"pre-etched":[651,674,697],"designs":[652],"reported":[655,678],"identify":[657,680],"\\ndirections":[660],"<110>)":[662],"wafer":[665,713],"surface.":[666],"our":[671],"knowledge,":[672],"no":[673],"\\ndesign":[675],"crystal":[681],"directions":[682,708],"wafer.":[685],"this":[687],"thesis,":[688],"\\nand":[691],"measurement":[692],"free":[693],"based":[695],"pattern":[698],"developed":[700],"demonstrated":[702],"\\nfor":[703],"identification":[705],"<110>":[707],"surfaces.":[714],"\\nconcludes":[717],"suggesting":[719],"scope":[721],"further":[723],"research":[724],"MEMS.":[729]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2021-12-06T00:00:00"}
