{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215074223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","title":"Metacognition and the development of self\u2010directed learning in a problem\u2010based engineering curriculum","display_name":"Metacognition and the development of self\u2010directed learning in a problem\u2010based engineering curriculum","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215074223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","mag":"3215074223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jee.20437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73400788","display_name":"Journal of Engineering Education","issn_l":"1069-4730","issn":["1069-4730","1524-4873","2168-9830"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030845449","display_name":"Rose M. Marra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4002-4376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4002-4376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rose M. Marra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Learning Technologies University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4002-4376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Learning Technologies University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079209720","display_name":"Douglas J. Hacker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-5065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-5065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas J. Hacker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Psychology University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Psychology University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077852734","display_name":"Carolyn Plumb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-9652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-9652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carolyn Plumb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Educational Innovation and Strategic Projects Montana State University  Bozeman Montana USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-9652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Innovation and Strategic Projects Montana State University  Bozeman Montana USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1062,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98270482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"111","issue":"1","first_page":"137","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.0430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12124","display_name":"Engineering Education and Curriculum Development","score":0.007600000128149986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metacognition","display_name":"metacognition","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-directed-learning","display_name":"self-directed learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-based-learning","display_name":"problem-based learning","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-education","display_name":"engineering education","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/think-aloud","display_name":"think-aloud","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-solving-strategies","display_name":"problem-solving strategies","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-development","display_name":"student development","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifelong-learning","display_name":"lifelong learning","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118147538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126970","display_name":"Metacognition","level":3,"score":0.9174314737319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78821406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391810","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","level":3,"score":0.8068132400512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.6992664337158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6213515400886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5758775472640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060990","display_name":"Problem-based learning","level":2,"score":0.5660504102706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853745","display_name":"Engineering education","level":2,"score":0.5185025930404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3426628112792969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3380058705806732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3292095363140106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.21285584568977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1902647316455841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.11849993467330933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.09327220916748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0806918740272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jee.20437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73400788","display_name":"Journal of Engineering Education","issn_l":"1069-4730","issn":["1069-4730","1524-4873","2168-9830"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1042497337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15604363","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W122737805","https://openalex.org/W196799912","https://openalex.org/W213188518","https://openalex.org/W595197191","https://openalex.org/W642181786","https://openalex.org/W1513010713","https://openalex.org/W1526287647","https://openalex.org/W1538726690","https://openalex.org/W1553502214","https://openalex.org/W1716687807","https://openalex.org/W1761828760","https://openalex.org/W1967971235","https://openalex.org/W1987614881","https://openalex.org/W2001223058","https://openalex.org/W2005777857","https://openalex.org/W2006471401","https://openalex.org/W2020143450","https://openalex.org/W2033995789","https://openalex.org/W2041656211","https://openalex.org/W2055800179","https://openalex.org/W2072721932","https://openalex.org/W2093950336","https://openalex.org/W2117766479","https://openalex.org/W2140346169","https://openalex.org/W2152379632","https://openalex.org/W2163540732","https://openalex.org/W2166161890","https://openalex.org/W2181435521","https://openalex.org/W2284386481","https://openalex.org/W2331420640","https://openalex.org/W2333057202","https://openalex.org/W2417577723","https://openalex.org/W2489595220","https://openalex.org/W2541049879","https://openalex.org/W2599967626","https://openalex.org/W2601364378","https://openalex.org/W2611673377","https://openalex.org/W2789479883","https://openalex.org/W2796959406","https://openalex.org/W2886774472","https://openalex.org/W2894826298","https://openalex.org/W2899474153","https://openalex.org/W2912893738","https://openalex.org/W2917543795","https://openalex.org/W3012219228","https://openalex.org/W3016166857","https://openalex.org/W3128951872","https://openalex.org/W4207080468","https://openalex.org/W6681011774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3103889556","https://openalex.org/W3012347374","https://openalex.org/W4285575941","https://openalex.org/W2949549547","https://openalex.org/W4401285671","https://openalex.org/W4312525593","https://openalex.org/W2506294065","https://openalex.org/W2019922414","https://openalex.org/W2733351828","https://openalex.org/W2952220414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Developing":[2],"self\u2010directed":[3],"learning":[4,28],"(SDL)":[5],"skills":[6],"in":[7,161,214,254],"engineering":[8,30,81,119,255],"students":[9,56,159,210],"is":[10,122,246],"critical":[11],"to":[12,52,70,108,248],"support":[13],"life\u2010long":[14],"learning.":[15],"This":[16],"research":[17,245],"was":[18],"conducted":[19],"at":[20,233],"Iron":[21],"Range":[22],"Engineering":[23],"(IRE),":[24],"an":[25,212,226],"innovative,":[26],"problem\u2010based":[27],"(PBL)":[29],"program,":[31],"which":[32],"has":[33],"suffused":[34],"the":[35,64,71,78,102,109,116,123,135,144,148,198,209,215,234,237,250],"concept":[36],"of":[37,45,60,66,73,77,93,97,104,111,115,130,138,147,154,178,194,200,208,217,220,229,236,252],"metacognition":[38,46,94],"throughout":[39],"its":[40],"curriculum.":[41],"Purpose/Hypotheses":[42],"Using":[43,83],"measures":[44,129,139],"obtained":[47,85],"from":[48,63,86,101,170],"think\u2010aloud":[49,126,163,171],"problem\u2010solving":[50,164,172,232],"activities,":[51],"what":[53],"extent":[54],"do":[55,90],"change":[57,100],"their":[58,67,74,105,112,201,218],"use":[59,96,153,193,228],"SDL":[61,98,155,253],"strategies":[62,99,189,230],"beginning":[65,103],"junior":[68,106],"year":[69,76,107,114],"end":[72,110,199,235],"senior":[75,113],"2\u2010year":[79,117],"PBL":[80,118],"program?":[82,120],"evidence":[84],"interview":[87,128],"data,":[88],"how":[89,133],"students'":[91,152,179],"conceptualizations":[92],"and":[95,127,132,166,183,190],"What":[121],"relationship":[124],"between":[125],"metacognition,":[131],"could":[134],"two":[136],"types":[137],"better":[140],"inform":[141],"us":[142],"about":[143,188],"potential":[145],"impact":[146],"IRE":[149],"program":[150],"on":[151],"strategies?":[156],"Design/Method":[157],"Twelve":[158],"participated":[160],"both":[162],"tasks":[165],"interviews.":[167],"Results":[168],"Data":[169],"activities":[173],"showed":[174,205,211],"that":[175,184,206],"nearly":[176],"one\u2010half":[177,207],"verbalizations":[180],"were":[181],"metacognitive":[182],"they":[185],"talked":[186],"more":[187,192],"made":[191],"domain":[195],"knowledge":[196],"by":[197],"program.":[202,238],"Interview":[203],"data":[204,224],"increase":[213],"complexity":[216],"understanding":[219],"SDL.":[221],"Conclusions":[222],"Our":[223],"show":[225],"increased":[227],"during":[231],"The":[239],"results":[240],"are":[241],"promising,":[242],"but":[243],"further":[244],"needed":[247],"understand":[249],"development":[251],"students.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2021-12-06T00:00:00"}
