{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214036562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","title":"TorchGeo: Deep Learning With Geospatial Data","display_name":"TorchGeo: Deep Learning With Geospatial Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214036562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","mag":"3214036562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3707459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2503711797","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","issn_l":"2374-0353","issn":["2374-0353","2374-0361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115452829","display_name":"Adam J. Stewart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-5006","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-5006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam J. Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich","Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-5006","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066063583","display_name":"Caleb Robinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1975-4454","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1975-4454"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caleb Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1975-4454","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035385486","display_name":"Isaac Corley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9273-7303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9273-7303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac A. Corley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio","Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9273-7303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101621929","display_name":"Anthony Ortiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5722-5273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5722-5273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Ortiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5722-5273","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025368433","display_name":"Juan Lavista Ferres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-3178","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-3178"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan M. Lavista Ferres","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-3178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Arindam Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8211-6989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8211-6989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arindam Banerjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8211-6989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1582,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95730821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-data","display_name":"geospatial data","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"remote sensing","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pytorch","display_name":"PyTorch","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-satellite-imagery","display_name":"multispectral satellite imagery","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentinel-2","display_name":"Sentinel-2","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-learning","display_name":"transfer learning","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-metadata","display_name":"geospatial metadata","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproducibility","display_name":"reproducibility","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark-dataset","display_name":"benchmark dataset","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.8655649423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7628088593482971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6590550541877747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6226338744163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.5116375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.5054383277893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4831373393535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4728153944015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4542132616043091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.42892634868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3616553544998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32865801453590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32677140831947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.15612873435020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14997628331184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3707459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2503711797","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","issn_l":"2374-0353","issn":["2374-0353","2374-0361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2111.08872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.08872","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.08872","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.08872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2111.08872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2111.08872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3707459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3707459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2503711797","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","issn_l":"2374-0353","issn":["2374-0353","2374-0361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1448048428","display_name":"Leadership Class Scientific and Engineering Computing: Breaking Through the Limits","funder_award_id":"0725070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2952167421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(OCI 07\u201025070)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4911334988","display_name":"Sustained-Petascale In Action: Blue Waters Enabling Transformative Science And Engineering","funder_award_id":"1238993","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5367696895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OCI-0725070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332222","funder_display_name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8324313409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ACI-1238993","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332222","funder_display_name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332165","display_name":"National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02k4pxv54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332222","display_name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214036562.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214036562.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531640903","https://openalex.org/W1976044762","https://openalex.org/W1978034823","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W2005368619","https://openalex.org/W2008085934","https://openalex.org/W2012519352","https://openalex.org/W2033787161","https://openalex.org/W2038782607","https://openalex.org/W2056435747","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2077509829","https://openalex.org/W2078163022","https://openalex.org/W2102673432","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2128686953","https://openalex.org/W2139709933","https://openalex.org/W2149933564","https://openalex.org/W2165705029","https://openalex.org/W2192859287","https://openalex.org/W2510153535","https://openalex.org/W2520447284","https://openalex.org/W2553303224","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2605847660","https://openalex.org/W2609402060","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2626107033","https://openalex.org/W2793461576","https://openalex.org/W2811199523","https://openalex.org/W2891248708","https://openalex.org/W2896365540","https://openalex.org/W2901876960","https://openalex.org/W2906822812","https://openalex.org/W2908510526","https://openalex.org/W2912237282","https://openalex.org/W2918342466","https://openalex.org/W2919352650","https://openalex.org/W2936216985","https://openalex.org/W2950398529","https://openalex.org/W2951446574","https://openalex.org/W2952142982","https://openalex.org/W2952623980","https://openalex.org/W2963821229","https://openalex.org/W2964194231","https://openalex.org/W2964246847","https://openalex.org/W2972518327","https://openalex.org/W2978730776","https://openalex.org/W2980282514","https://openalex.org/W2982507557","https://openalex.org/W2984205432","https://openalex.org/W2986943971","https://openalex.org/W2989888859","https://openalex.org/W2991131216","https://openalex.org/W2997559379","https://openalex.org/W3007766931","https://openalex.org/W3008526508","https://openalex.org/W3015526299","https://openalex.org/W3022324661","https://openalex.org/W3022895944","https://openalex.org/W3027225766","https://openalex.org/W3035060554","https://openalex.org/W3093200623","https://openalex.org/W3104899156","https://openalex.org/W3105496885","https://openalex.org/W3109212767","https://openalex.org/W3127347439","https://openalex.org/W3132363369","https://openalex.org/W3144483443","https://openalex.org/W3152083889","https://openalex.org/W3156208778","https://openalex.org/W3167131540","https://openalex.org/W3173608877","https://openalex.org/W3175937066","https://openalex.org/W3176270344","https://openalex.org/W3184566187","https://openalex.org/W3186770666","https://openalex.org/W3206471682","https://openalex.org/W3206476077","https://openalex.org/W3207200417","https://openalex.org/W3207745768","https://openalex.org/W3208743843","https://openalex.org/W4220917101","https://openalex.org/W4221141623","https://openalex.org/W4221160744","https://openalex.org/W4226456028","https://openalex.org/W4243053434","https://openalex.org/W4287250892","https://openalex.org/W4290709727","https://openalex.org/W4296859308","https://openalex.org/W4309132693","https://openalex.org/W4309651987","https://openalex.org/W4311849222","https://openalex.org/W4319594870","https://openalex.org/W4322623334","https://openalex.org/W4361297243","https://openalex.org/W4362587091","https://openalex.org/W4386607535","https://openalex.org/W4386632015","https://openalex.org/W4387005346","https://openalex.org/W4387026640","https://openalex.org/W4387829368","https://openalex.org/W4391306135","https://openalex.org/W4393178589","https://openalex.org/W4400673746","https://openalex.org/W4403423082","https://openalex.org/W4403888438","https://openalex.org/W4409348626","https://openalex.org/W6889700121","https://openalex.org/W6890395471","https://openalex.org/W6946242057","https://openalex.org/W6946456370","https://openalex.org/W6946672847","https://openalex.org/W6950175931","https://openalex.org/W6950179980","https://openalex.org/W6965025179","https://openalex.org/W6965284120","https://openalex.org/W6965438098","https://openalex.org/W6969239632","https://openalex.org/W7119541039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309651987","https://openalex.org/W4321501711","https://openalex.org/W4379390236","https://openalex.org/W7133545080","https://openalex.org/W7140174671","https://openalex.org/W4400910140","https://openalex.org/W7218358603","https://openalex.org/W4409356346","https://openalex.org/W2983929001","https://openalex.org/W7131830766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remotely":[0],"sensed":[1,53,77],"geospatial":[2,66,100,132,154,159,225],"data":[3,60,78,101,133,142,155],"are":[4,26],"critical":[5],"for":[6,29,120,130,144,152,158,178,193,223],"applications":[7],"including":[8],"precision":[9],"agriculture,":[10],"urban":[11],"planning,":[12],"disaster":[13],"monitoring":[14],"and":[15,17,47,63,92,94,110,161,218,234],"response,":[16],"climate":[18],"change":[19],"research,":[20],"among":[21],"others.":[22],"Deep":[23],"learning":[24,73,119,138,197],"methods":[25,62],"particularly":[27],"promising":[28],"modeling":[30],"many":[31],"remote":[32,121,200],"sensing":[33,122,201],"tasks":[34,46,202],"given":[35],"the":[36,48,57,69,115,135,171,189,228],"success":[37],"of":[38,51,65,71,117,147],"deep":[39,72,118,137],"neural":[40],"networks":[41],"in":[42,59,195],"similar":[43],"computer":[44],"vision":[45],"sheer":[49],"volume":[50],"remotely":[52,76],"imagery":[54,83,181,226],"available.":[55],"However,":[56],"variance":[58],"collection":[61],"handling":[64],"metadata":[67],"make":[68],"application":[70],"methodology":[74],"to":[75,98,174,210],"nontrivial.":[79],"For":[80],"example,":[81],"satellite":[82,180],"often":[84],"includes":[85],"additional":[86],"spectral":[87],"bands":[88,187],"beyond":[89],"red,":[90],"green,":[91],"blue,":[93],"must":[95],"be":[96],"joined":[97],"other":[99],"sources":[102],"that":[103,163,184],"may":[104],"have":[105],"differing":[106],"coordinate":[107],"systems,":[108],"bounds,":[109],"resolutions.":[111],"To":[112],"help":[113],"realize":[114],"potential":[116],"applications,":[123],"we":[124],"introduce":[125],"TorchGeo,":[126],"a":[127,145],"Python":[128],"library":[129,173],"integrating":[131],"into":[134],"PyTorch":[136],"ecosystem.":[139],"TorchGeo":[140,168,209,230],"provides":[141],"loaders":[143],"variety":[146],"benchmark":[148,213,219],"datasets,":[149],"composable":[150],"datasets":[151,217],"uncurated":[153],"sources,":[156],"samplers":[157],"data,":[160],"transforms":[162],"work":[164],"with":[165,203],"multispectral":[166,179],"imagery.":[167],"is":[169,231],"also":[170],"first":[172],"provide":[175],"pretrained":[176],"models":[177,183],"(e.g.,":[182],"use":[185,208],"all":[186],"from":[188],"Sentinel-2":[190],"satellites),":[191],"allowing":[192],"advances":[194],"transfer":[196],"on":[198,215,227,236],"downstream":[199],"limited":[204],"labeled":[205],"data.":[206],"We":[207],"create":[211],"reproducible":[212],"results":[214],"existing":[216],"our":[220],"proposed":[221],"method":[222],"preprocessing":[224],"fly.":[229],"open":[232],"source":[233],"available":[235],"GitHub:":[237],"https://github.com/microsoft/torchgeo":[238],".":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-11-22T00:00:00"}
