{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211705124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","title":"Effect of Geometrical Factors on Torsion in Cold Roll Forming of the Lower Side Beam of a Car","display_name":"Effect of Geometrical Factors on Torsion in Cold Roll Forming of the Lower Side Beam of a Car","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211705124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","mag":"3211705124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11177852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/7852/pdf?version=1629968214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/7852/pdf?version=1629968214","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049360744","display_name":"Yesong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-4947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-4947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101504207","display_name":"Xiaodong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-8672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-8672"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004974045","display_name":"Bobo Ren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bobo Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325235","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7676-9006","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7676-9006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045414534","display_name":"Rongguo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-2468","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-2468"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongguo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Durable Machinery Co., Yangzhou 225000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Durable Machinery Co., Yangzhou 225000, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100325235"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"fwci":0.6439,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60575018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"17","first_page":"7852","last_page":"7852"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13965","display_name":"Laser and Thermal Forming Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-roll-forming","display_name":"cold roll forming","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-body-parts","display_name":"automotive body parts","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometric-parameters","display_name":"geometric parameters","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-width","display_name":"web width","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flange-width","display_name":"flange width","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corner-radius","display_name":"corner radius","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strip-thickness","display_name":"strip thickness","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-analysis","display_name":"finite element analysis","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77461463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827201","display_name":"Torsion (gastropod)","level":2,"score":0.802405834197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778417280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955957","display_name":"Flange","level":2,"score":0.7876961827278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020665142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q668400","display_name":"Cold forming","level":2,"score":0.7822251319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777069866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155749","display_name":"Roll forming","level":2,"score":0.7235920429229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139321929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363994","display_name":"Forming processes","level":2,"score":0.5554895997047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5473282337188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984024099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5470205","display_name":"Metal forming","level":2,"score":0.48339787125587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779747408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211367","display_name":"Sheet metal","level":2,"score":0.47185656428337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778631480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143022","display_name":"Research Object","level":2,"score":0.4470309615135193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4469791054725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3953092694282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2681177854537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11177852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/7852/pdf?version=1629968214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fbc5a2198eb14f6781d6fa1bf4546fe2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fbc5a2198eb14f6781d6fa1bf4546fe2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 17, p 7852 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11177852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177852","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/7852/pdf?version=1629968214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211705124.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211705124.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994562951","https://openalex.org/W2012348067","https://openalex.org/W2022332227","https://openalex.org/W2052392260","https://openalex.org/W2053808980","https://openalex.org/W2073034621","https://openalex.org/W2083898623","https://openalex.org/W2084415894","https://openalex.org/W2087707316","https://openalex.org/W2608131340","https://openalex.org/W2811208545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210367823","https://openalex.org/W2178173949","https://openalex.org/W2811208545","https://openalex.org/W3191294437","https://openalex.org/W403703050","https://openalex.org/W2275934026","https://openalex.org/W2022332227","https://openalex.org/W2290973282","https://openalex.org/W7139990270","https://openalex.org/W1985681002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cold":[0],"roll":[1,22,49,61,172],"forming":[2,7,23,50,62,138,173],"is":[3,24,29,40],"a":[4,12],"continuous":[5],"metal":[6],"process":[8,51],"used":[9],"to":[10,81,176],"produce":[11],"large":[13],"variety":[14],"of":[15,20,34,42,52,67,88,111,121,132,148,160,170,186],"profiles.":[16],"A":[17],"significant":[18,192],"product":[19],"cold":[21,48,60,74,171],"asymmetric":[25,53,73],"profiles,":[26],"whose":[27],"application":[28],"expanding":[30],"in":[31,46],"the":[32,43,47,65,68,99,108,115,122,129,137,146,158,161,167,184,187,190],"construction":[33],"cars,":[35],"houses,":[36],"bridges,":[37],"etc.":[38],"Torsion":[39],"one":[41],"common":[44],"defects":[45,169],"section":[54],"steel":[55],"and":[56,70,103,128,153,157,164],"sometimes":[57],"seriously":[58],"affects":[59],"products.":[63],"With":[64],"development":[66],"economy":[69],"technology,":[71],"many":[72],"roll-formed":[75],"parts":[76],"are":[77],"being":[78],"gradually":[79],"applied":[80],"automobiles.":[82],"Three-dimensional":[83],"finite":[84],"element":[85],"analysis":[86],"models":[87],"12":[89],"stands":[90],"with":[91,145],"700L":[92],"sheet":[93],"material":[94],"were":[95,126,140,174],"carried":[96],"out":[97],"using":[98],"professional":[100],"COPRA":[101],"RF":[102],"MSC":[104],"MARC":[105],"software,":[106],"taking":[107],"lower":[109,123],"beam":[110,125],"an":[112],"automobile":[113],"as":[114],"research":[116],"object.":[117],"Five":[118],"geometric":[119,134],"factors":[120],"side":[124],"researched,":[127],"influence":[130],"rules":[131],"different":[133,177],"elements":[135],"on":[136,194],"torsion":[139,168],"analyzed.":[141],"We":[142],"found":[143],"that":[144,183],"increase":[147],"web":[149],"width,":[150,152],"flange":[151,188],"vertical":[154],"edge":[155],"height":[156],"decrease":[159],"corner":[162],"radius":[163],"strip":[165],"thickness,":[166],"improved":[175],"degrees.":[178],"The":[179],"results":[180],"also":[181],"showed":[182],"width":[185],"has":[189],"most":[191],"effect":[193],"torsion.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-11-22T00:00:00"}
