{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210198342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","title":"Computational Modeling of Hybrid Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Functionalized and Non-Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets","display_name":"Computational Modeling of Hybrid Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Functionalized and Non-Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210198342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","mag":"3210198342","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34835683","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8622381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano11112919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2919/pdf?version=1635677130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2919/pdf?version=1635677130","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000847808","display_name":"Hashim Al Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-5558","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-5558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47229656","display_name":"University of Kufa","ror":"https://ror.org/02dwrdh81","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47229656"]}],"countries":["IQ","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashim Al Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kufa, P.O. Box 21, Kufa 54003, Iraq","Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-5558","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kufa, P.O. Box 21, Kufa 54003, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47229656"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067690971","display_name":"Matthew S. Radue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-4500","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-4500"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew S. Radue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032710183","display_name":"William A. Pisani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-862X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-862X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4389425366","display_name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/040vxhp34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281378812","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I4389425366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William A. Pisani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA","Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-862X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088792","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4389425366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071641425","display_name":"Gregory M. Odegard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7577-6565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7577-6565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory M. Odegard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7577-6565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071641425"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2376},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2376},"fwci":1.3459,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76673005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"11","first_page":"2919","last_page":"2919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11558","display_name":"Composite Material Mechanics","score":0.3862000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11558","display_name":"Composite Material Mechanics","score":0.3862000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10219","display_name":"Mechanical Behavior of Composites","score":0.22579999268054962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11664","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","score":0.10520000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-composites","display_name":"hybrid composites","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fiber-epoxy-composites","display_name":"carbon/epoxy composites","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-nanoplatelets","display_name":"graphene nanoplatelets","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functionalized-graphene-oxide","display_name":"functionalized graphene oxide","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-oxide","display_name":"graphene oxide","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micromechanics","display_name":"micromechanics","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laminate-layup","display_name":"laminate lay-up","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-behavior","display_name":"shear behavior","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transverse-properties","display_name":"transverse properties","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-composites","display_name":"aerospace composites","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-properties","display_name":"mechanical properties","score":0.30300000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.9225057363510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.8722182512283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.8446692228317261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166595027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143983","display_name":"Epoxy","level":2,"score":0.7718320488929749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37167619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3312239","display_name":"Micromechanics","level":3,"score":0.7263323664665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.5962302088737488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65590680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909482","display_name":"Volume fraction","level":2,"score":0.4982466697692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82558694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1545619","display_name":"Aspect ratio (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4408408999443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.4399491846561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.43518057465553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.4224078357219696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0821840763092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano11112919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2919/pdf?version=1635677130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8622381","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8622381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:34835683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34835683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-34844","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/15542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7899ad75a2a0478d8cf5c9be26936ea2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7899ad75a2a0478d8cf5c9be26936ea2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 11, p 2919 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano11112919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2919/pdf?version=1635677130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311652","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210198342.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210198342.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975540063","https://openalex.org/W1976680262","https://openalex.org/W1999763899","https://openalex.org/W2014442686","https://openalex.org/W2053027041","https://openalex.org/W2058167146","https://openalex.org/W2101977779","https://openalex.org/W2128784957","https://openalex.org/W2155713967","https://openalex.org/W2158649200","https://openalex.org/W2216228915","https://openalex.org/W2222380124","https://openalex.org/W2279503089","https://openalex.org/W2325718428","https://openalex.org/W2351708016","https://openalex.org/W2599859862","https://openalex.org/W2604991632","https://openalex.org/W2605362297","https://openalex.org/W2740761078","https://openalex.org/W2753739579","https://openalex.org/W2766333334","https://openalex.org/W2783257098","https://openalex.org/W2788808492","https://openalex.org/W2793498753","https://openalex.org/W2794308783","https://openalex.org/W2808424695","https://openalex.org/W2808889898","https://openalex.org/W2901928556","https://openalex.org/W2910740285","https://openalex.org/W2911827936","https://openalex.org/W2944069318","https://openalex.org/W2944137366","https://openalex.org/W2954680342","https://openalex.org/W2971491993","https://openalex.org/W3002286463","https://openalex.org/W3022368615","https://openalex.org/W3048356905","https://openalex.org/W3080244153","https://openalex.org/W3089320921","https://openalex.org/W3093319228","https://openalex.org/W3094221360","https://openalex.org/W3111327204","https://openalex.org/W3124804639","https://openalex.org/W3126680474","https://openalex.org/W3134892546","https://openalex.org/W3142643509","https://openalex.org/W3161107190","https://openalex.org/W3162917181","https://openalex.org/W3169359248","https://openalex.org/W3170153131","https://openalex.org/W3181817643","https://openalex.org/W3196319626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203951693","https://openalex.org/W2901928556","https://openalex.org/W4298003002","https://openalex.org/W2999028476","https://openalex.org/W3027097637","https://openalex.org/W3173344683","https://openalex.org/W4225463213","https://openalex.org/W2740761078","https://openalex.org/W2981155517","https://openalex.org/W3044224009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,130],"mechanical":[1,41,114],"properties":[2,42,86,115,148],"of":[3,43,108,132,141],"aerospace":[4],"carbon":[5,62],"fiber/graphene":[6],"nanoplatelet/epoxy":[7],"hybrid":[8,44,76,104,142],"composites":[9,45,143],"reinforced":[10],"with":[11],"pristine":[12],"graphene":[13,18,53],"nanoplatelets":[14],"(GNP),":[15],"highly":[16],"concentrated":[17],"oxide":[19],"(GO),":[20],"and":[21,66,71,84,95,101,122],"Functionalized":[22],"Graphene":[23],"Oxide":[24],"(FGO)":[25],"are":[26,46,87,126],"investigated":[27],"in":[28,138],"this":[29,133],"study.":[30],"By":[31],"utilizing":[32],"molecular":[33],"dynamics":[34],"data":[35],"from":[36],"the":[37,39,74,78,82,91,99,106,109,113,139],"literature,":[38],"bulk-level":[40],"predicted":[47],"using":[48,119],"micromechanics":[49],"techniques":[50],"for":[51],"different":[52],"nanoplatelet":[54,56,59,92,151],"types,":[55],"volume":[57,64,120],"fractions,":[58,65],"aspect":[60,96,123],"ratios,":[61],"fiber":[63],"laminate":[67,147],"lay-ups":[68],"(unidirectional,":[69],"cross-ply,":[70],"angle-ply).":[72],"For":[73,98],"unidirectional":[75],"composites,":[77],"results":[79,131],"indicate":[80],"that":[81,125],"shear":[83],"transverse":[85],"significantly":[88],"affected":[89],"by":[90,149],"type,":[93],"loading":[94],"ratio.":[97],"cross-ply":[100],"angle":[102],"ply":[103],"laminates,":[105],"effect":[107],"nanoplate's":[110],"parameters":[111],"on":[112],"is":[116],"minimal":[117],"when":[118],"fractions":[121],"ratios":[124],"typically":[127],"used":[128,137],"experimentally.":[129],"study":[134],"can":[135],"be":[136],"design":[140],"to":[144],"tailor":[145],"specific":[146],"adjusting":[150],"parameters.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
