{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210178601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","title":"Effectiveness of Salty Sand in Improving the Adobe\u2019s Thermomechanical Properties: Adrar Case Study (South Algeria)","display_name":"Effectiveness of Salty Sand in Improving the Adobe\u2019s Thermomechanical Properties: Adrar Case Study (South Algeria)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210178601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","mag":"3210178601"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48048/tis.2021.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","pdf_url":"https://tis.wu.ac.th/index.php/tis/article/download/6/5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171953","display_name":"Trends in Sciences","issn_l":"2774-0226","issn":["2774-0226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319383","host_organization_name":"Walailak University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319383"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Walailak University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trends in Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tis.wu.ac.th/index.php/tis/article/download/6/5","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106640613","display_name":"Bassoud Abdelkader","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-7852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-7852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124969661","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf","ror":"https://ror.org/02nbj1r55","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelkader Bassoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016166339","display_name":"H. Khelafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-0437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-0437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22223346","display_name":"Ahmed Draia University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k476402","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22223346"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Khelafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Computer Science, University Ahmed draia of Adrar, Adrar, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Computer Science, University Ahmed draia of Adrar, Adrar, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22223346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110789671","display_name":"Abderrahmane Mejedoub Mokhtari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9725-5995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9725-5995"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124969661","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf","ror":"https://ror.org/02nbj1r55","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abderrahmane Mejedoub Mokhtari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086218181","display_name":"Abdelmalek Bada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-1111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-1111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124969661","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf","ror":"https://ror.org/02nbj1r55","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelmalek Bada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire des Mat\u00e9riaux, Sols et Thermique, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie d\u2019Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, Bir El Djir, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124969661"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4623,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62713832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"19","first_page":"6","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12105","display_name":"Hygrothermal properties of building materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12105","display_name":"Hygrothermal properties of building materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11672","display_name":"Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adobe","display_name":"adobe","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-properties","display_name":"thermal properties","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-properties","display_name":"mechanical properties","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"flexural strength","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"thermal conductivity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-inertia","display_name":"thermal inertia","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrar","display_name":"Adrar","score":0.718999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777261232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183496","display_name":"Adobe","level":2,"score":0.9469954967498779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.7440217137336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.6410877704620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6084107160568237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.49232685565948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38649454712867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.38554680347442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3437381386756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2375481128692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.16914114356040955}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48048/tis.2021.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","pdf_url":"https://tis.wu.ac.th/index.php/tis/article/download/6/5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171953","display_name":"Trends in Sciences","issn_l":"2774-0226","issn":["2774-0226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319383","host_organization_name":"Walailak University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319383"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Walailak University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trends in Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48048/tis.2021.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.6","pdf_url":"https://tis.wu.ac.th/index.php/tis/article/download/6/5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171953","display_name":"Trends in Sciences","issn_l":"2774-0226","issn":["2774-0226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319383","host_organization_name":"Walailak University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319383"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Walailak University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trends in Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319331","display_name":"Agence Th\u00e9matique de Recherche en Science et Technologie","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210178601.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210178601.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W812888849","https://openalex.org/W1542120871","https://openalex.org/W1968378557","https://openalex.org/W1980649991","https://openalex.org/W1984021754","https://openalex.org/W1989031700","https://openalex.org/W2002141637","https://openalex.org/W2035968922","https://openalex.org/W2045780361","https://openalex.org/W2047297564","https://openalex.org/W2090144213","https://openalex.org/W2107094655","https://openalex.org/W2143846755","https://openalex.org/W2190179520","https://openalex.org/W2507859740","https://openalex.org/W2611197076","https://openalex.org/W2725839168","https://openalex.org/W2763779204","https://openalex.org/W2789704215","https://openalex.org/W2801286374","https://openalex.org/W2802936510","https://openalex.org/W2887576443","https://openalex.org/W2910327453","https://openalex.org/W2912177608","https://openalex.org/W2914099713","https://openalex.org/W2954792182","https://openalex.org/W2966339828","https://openalex.org/W2997275522","https://openalex.org/W3004905570","https://openalex.org/W3042848056","https://openalex.org/W3049410545","https://openalex.org/W3082128870","https://openalex.org/W3124130529","https://openalex.org/W3138717115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400745600","https://openalex.org/W6901697018","https://openalex.org/W2917139185","https://openalex.org/W2036913455","https://openalex.org/W7007765721","https://openalex.org/W4220938362","https://openalex.org/W2009646897","https://openalex.org/W7147205065","https://openalex.org/W7215899554","https://openalex.org/W4385863766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adobe":[0],"constructions":[1],"have":[2],"always":[3],"existed,":[4],"particularly":[5],"in":[6,87],"the":[7,31,47,53,80,108,112,116,142,155,163,199],"Sahara\u2019s":[8],"dry":[9],"and":[10,20,37,55,128,140,174,191,196],"scorching":[11],"regions.":[12],"This":[13],"material":[14],"has":[15,38],"a":[16],"high":[17],"thermal":[18,54,143,172],"inertia":[19,175],"can":[21],"protect":[22],"buildings":[23],"from":[24,69,97,111,123,135,148,198],"inclement":[25],"weather.":[26],"Its":[27],"mechanical":[28,56],"resistance,":[29],"on":[30,52],"other":[32,81],"hand,":[33],"is":[34],"still":[35],"low":[36],"to":[39,63,101,125,137,150],"be":[40],"increased.":[41],"The":[42,60,73,104],"current":[43],"research,":[44],"thus,":[45],"investigated":[46],"effect":[48],"of":[49,58,94,182,194],"sand":[50,61,78,85,96,114],"salinity":[51],"properties":[57],"adobe.":[59],"needed":[62],"create":[64],"adobe":[65,109],"blocks":[66],"was":[67,76,83],"purchased":[68],"2":[70],"distinct":[71],"locations.":[72],"first":[74],"one":[75,82],"normal":[77],"while":[79],"salty":[84],"rich":[86],"SO4-":[88],"sulfate.":[89],"We":[90],"considered":[91],"different":[92,187],"ratios":[93],"each":[95],"10,":[98],"20":[99],"up":[100],"90":[102,183],"%.":[103],"results":[105],"showed":[106],"that":[107],"made":[110],"sulfate-containing":[113],"improved":[115],"compressive":[117,156],"strength":[118,130,157,165],"by":[119,131,145,158,166,176],"about":[120,132,159,167,177],"36":[121,160],"%":[122,147,161,169,179],"1.91":[124],"2.58":[126],"MPa,":[127,139],"flexural":[129,164],"71":[133,168],"%,":[134],"0.35":[136],"0.60":[138],"reduced":[141],"conductivity":[144],"14":[146],"0.86":[149],"0.72":[151],"w/mk.":[152],"HIGHLIGHTS":[153],"Improving":[154,162,170],"its":[171],"behaviour":[173],"3":[178],"Testing":[180],"more":[181],"samples":[184],"Studying":[185],"two":[186],"locations":[188],"Analyse":[189,193],"Mineral":[190],"physical":[192],"clay":[195],"sands":[197],"arid":[200],"zone":[201],"GRAPHICAL":[202],"ABSTRACT":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}