{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210164464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","title":"Beamforming Scheme for MIMO Relay Based 5G and beyond Wireless Network","display_name":"Beamforming Scheme for MIMO Relay Based 5G and beyond Wireless Network","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210164464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","mag":"3210164464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=112824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764596442","display_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2165-3917","issn":["2165-3917","2165-3925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=112824","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059457856","display_name":"Ali Mahamoud Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117723502","display_name":"University of N'Djamena","ror":"https://ror.org/013gpqv08","country_code":"TD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]}],"countries":["TD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mahamoud Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071034648","display_name":"Bakhit Amine Adoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-0615","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-0615"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117723502","display_name":"University of N'Djamena","ror":"https://ror.org/013gpqv08","country_code":"TD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261925","display_name":"Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication","ror":"https://ror.org/00c027w63","country_code":"TD","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261925"]}],"countries":["TD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakhit Amine Adoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Nationale Superieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (ENASTIC), N'Djamena, Tchad","Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Nationale Superieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (ENASTIC), N'Djamena, Tchad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026070589","display_name":"Idriss Saleh Bachar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261925","display_name":"Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication","ror":"https://ror.org/00c027w63","country_code":"TD","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261925"]}],"countries":["TD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Idriss Saleh Bachar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Nationale Superieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (ENASTIC), N'Djamena, Tchad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Nationale Superieure des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (ENASTIC), N'Djamena, Tchad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024740290","display_name":"Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117723502","display_name":"University of N'Djamena","ror":"https://ror.org/013gpqv08","country_code":"TD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]}],"countries":["TD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Math\u00e9matiques, Mod\u00e9lisation, Informatique, Applications et Simulation, LARTIC, FSEA/\u00c9cole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, CNRD, Universit\u00e9 de N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Tchad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117723502"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.199,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45243025,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"1157","last_page":"1176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-beamforming","display_name":"linear beamforming","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo-relay-networks","display_name":"MIMO relay networks","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplify-and-forward-relaying","display_name":"amplify-and-forward relaying","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-hop-relaying","display_name":"dual-hop relay","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodic-capacity","display_name":"ergodic capacity","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"spectral efficiency","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio","display_name":"SINR","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-leakage-and-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"channel state information","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference-mitigation","display_name":"interference mitigation","score":0.9240000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8348481059074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.7289096117019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6167787313461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5569114685058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.522162914276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.5160669684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122044880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5498822","display_name":"Ergodic theory","level":2,"score":0.5152804851531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.4970135986804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.47357186675071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.46766626834869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.46509280800819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4311060607433319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40709537267684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3251889646053314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2504507899284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.22246265411376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20548829436302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15863153338432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06155019998550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=112824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764596442","display_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2165-3917","issn":["2165-3917","2165-3925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2021.1110087","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=112824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764596442","display_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2165-3917","issn":["2165-3917","2165-3925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210164464.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210164464.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529917033","https://openalex.org/W1971536606","https://openalex.org/W1978843742","https://openalex.org/W1984223033","https://openalex.org/W2030328665","https://openalex.org/W2044374129","https://openalex.org/W2044376400","https://openalex.org/W2056765610","https://openalex.org/W2060866383","https://openalex.org/W2068278288","https://openalex.org/W2083855920","https://openalex.org/W2096777870","https://openalex.org/W2097591962","https://openalex.org/W2098969228","https://openalex.org/W2103947748","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2111354185","https://openalex.org/W2120249541","https://openalex.org/W2120889471","https://openalex.org/W2125157520","https://openalex.org/W2132655496","https://openalex.org/W2149912746","https://openalex.org/W2156339818","https://openalex.org/W2315322226","https://openalex.org/W2587890404","https://openalex.org/W2789268877","https://openalex.org/W2963555070","https://openalex.org/W3030461823","https://openalex.org/W4229789118","https://openalex.org/W4246762037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2773847281","https://openalex.org/W2125157520","https://openalex.org/W2258934371","https://openalex.org/W2009976385","https://openalex.org/W2044376400","https://openalex.org/W2065870729","https://openalex.org/W2050300845","https://openalex.org/W2551458438","https://openalex.org/W2766988269","https://openalex.org/W2137802816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,60],"paper,":[2],"in":[3,58,157,164],"order":[4],"to":[5,63,130],"attain":[6],"the":[7,14,39,42,68,86,109,119,131,135,140,143],"maximum":[8],"ergodic":[9,120],"capacity":[10,121],"and":[11,46,70,76,96,103,147],"significantly":[12],"increase":[13],"spectral":[15],"efficiency":[16],"of":[17,41,108,142,159,166],"wireless":[18],"communication":[19],"systems,":[20],"novel":[21],"linear":[22,33],"beamforming":[23,34,79],"is":[24,35,56,82,126],"proposed":[25,110,136],"for":[26],"dual-hop":[27,162],"amplify-and-forward":[28],"(AF)":[29],"multi-relay":[30,64,161],"networks.":[31],"The":[32,51,78,90,106],"designed":[36],"based":[37,138],"on":[38,139],"maximization":[40,141],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[43,144],"ratio":[44,49,145,149],"(SINR)":[45,146],"signal-to-":[47],"leakage-and-noise":[48],"(SLNR).":[50],"channel":[52],"state":[53],"information":[54],"(CSI)":[55],"used":[57],"applying":[59],"new":[61],"design":[62],"(MR)":[65],"nodes":[66],"between":[67],"source":[69],"relays":[71,75],"as":[72,74,128],"well":[73],"destination.":[77],"optimization":[80],"problem":[81],"solved":[83],"by":[84,99,114],"using":[85,100],"Fukunaga-Koontz":[87],"Transform":[88],"(FKT).":[89],"scheme":[91,111],"can":[92],"achieve":[93],"intra-node":[94],"array":[95],"distributed":[97],"gains":[98],"multiple":[101],"antennas":[102],"multi-relays":[104],"(MRs).":[105],"performance":[107],"demonstrates":[112],"that":[113],"considering":[115],"interference":[116],"mitigation":[117],"criteria":[118],"at":[122],"a":[123,160],"significant":[124],"level":[125],"improved":[127],"compared":[129],"conventional":[132,155],"techniques.":[133],"Therefore,":[134],"techniques":[137,156],"signal-to-leakage-and-noise":[148],"(SLNR)":[150],"relay":[151],"processing":[152],"outperform":[153],"other":[154],"case":[158],"network":[163],"terms":[165],"ergodic.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}