{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210140424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","title":"SciCap: Generating Captions for Scientific Figures","display_name":"SciCap: Generating Captions for Scientific Figures","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210140424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","mag":"3210140424"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407096085","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP (Findings of EMNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.277.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065087895","display_name":"Ting-Yao Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9082-6039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9082-6039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting-Yao Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001294898","display_name":"Clyde Lee Giles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-585X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-585X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Lee Giles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University University Park , PA , USA","Pennsylvania State University, State College, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University University Park , PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, State College, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083675499","display_name":"Ting-Hao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-4627","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-4627"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting-Hao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University University Park , PA , USA","Pennsylvania State University, State College, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University University Park , PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, State College, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1595,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95580345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3258","last_page":"3264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.03269999846816063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-caption-generation","display_name":"automatic caption generation","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-figures","display_name":"scientific figures","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-captions","display_name":"figure captions","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-normalization","display_name":"text normalization","score":0.8100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.7078074216842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.672414243221283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5609111189842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5363937616348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.49317044019699097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48548367619514465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4467127323150635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35086676478385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.09236937761306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407096085","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP (Findings of EMNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2110.11624","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.11624","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.11624","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.11624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2110.11624","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2110.11624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"mag:3212338722","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.11624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.277","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407096085","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP (Findings of EMNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210140424.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3210140424.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1897864852","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2143017621","https://openalex.org/W2143239689","https://openalex.org/W2149933564","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2403940793","https://openalex.org/W2416987009","https://openalex.org/W2520300089","https://openalex.org/W2602628042","https://openalex.org/W2612602345","https://openalex.org/W2748163013","https://openalex.org/W2766732270","https://openalex.org/W2943043881","https://openalex.org/W2948556812","https://openalex.org/W2949335953","https://openalex.org/W2953320089","https://openalex.org/W2963420691","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2970771982","https://openalex.org/W2972354974","https://openalex.org/W2982250791","https://openalex.org/W2997561853","https://openalex.org/W3010343788","https://openalex.org/W3012516156","https://openalex.org/W3015466750","https://openalex.org/W3029025901","https://openalex.org/W3090149233","https://openalex.org/W3094916564","https://openalex.org/W3147107444","https://openalex.org/W3153965221","https://openalex.org/W3157084865"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402538176","https://openalex.org/W4403753181","https://openalex.org/W4393247979","https://openalex.org/W7135045332","https://openalex.org/W7124839587","https://openalex.org/W4416400946","https://openalex.org/W7117585786","https://openalex.org/W4411843050","https://openalex.org/W3046577738","https://openalex.org/W4415338162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Researchers":[0],"use":[1],"figures":[2,14,89],"to":[3,17,41],"communicate":[4],"rich,":[5],"complex":[6],"information":[7],"in":[8,26],"scientific":[9,27,48,120],"papers.The":[10],"captions":[11,23,46,118],"of":[12,116],"these":[13],"are":[15],"critical":[16],"conveying":[18],"effective":[19],"messages.However,":[20],"low-quality":[21],"figure":[22,106],"commonly":[24],"occur":[25],"articles":[28],"and":[29,69,79,113],"may":[30],"decrease":[31],"understanding.In":[32],"this":[33,50],"paper,":[34],"we":[35,52],"propose":[36],"an":[37],"end-to-end":[38],"neural":[39],"framework":[40],"automatically":[42],"generate":[43],"informative,":[44],"high-quality":[45],"for":[47,119],"figures.To":[49],"end,":[51],"introduce":[53],"SCICAP,":[54],"1":[55],"a":[56],"largescale":[57],"figure-caption":[58],"dataset":[59],"based":[60],"on":[61],"computer":[62],"science":[63],"arXiv":[64],"papers":[65],"published":[66],"between":[67],"2010":[68],"2020.After":[70],"pre-processing":[71],"-including":[72],"figure-type":[73],"classification,":[74],"sub-figure":[75],"identification,":[76],"text":[77,81],"normalization,":[78],"caption":[80,100],"selection":[82],"-SCICAP":[83],"contained":[84],"more":[85],"than":[86],"two":[87],"million":[88],"extracted":[90],"from":[91],"over":[92],"290,000":[93],"papers.We":[94],"then":[95],"established":[96],"baseline":[97],"models":[98],"that":[99],"graph":[101],"plots,":[102],"the":[103],"dominant":[104],"(19.2%)":[105],"type.The":[107],"experimental":[108],"results":[109],"showed":[110],"both":[111],"opportunities":[112],"steep":[114],"challenges":[115],"generating":[117],"figures.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
