{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210098362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2021.32834.0","title":"Evaluation of Competitive Indices and Cultivation Efficiency of Cotton-Fodder Beet Intercropping under Weed Interference Conditions","display_name":"Evaluation of Competitive Indices and Cultivation Efficiency of Cotton-Fodder Beet Intercropping under Weed Interference Conditions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210098362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2021.32834.0","mag":"3210098362"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2021.32834.0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Majallah-i \u1e25if\u0101\u1e93at-i giy\u0101h\u0101n, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 373-387 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Rastgoo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Rastgoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gh. Asadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gh. Asadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A. Dorpoor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Dorpoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ferdowsi University of Mashhad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Rahimi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercropping","display_name":"intercropping","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-competition","display_name":"weed competition","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-suppression","display_name":"weed suppression","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-equivalent-ratio","display_name":"land equivalent ratio","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-crowding-coefficient","display_name":"relative crowding coefficient","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-ratio","display_name":"competitive ratio","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fodder-beet","display_name":"fodder beet","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton","display_name":"cotton","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-loss","display_name":"yield loss","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-farming","display_name":"organic farming","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-use-reduction","display_name":"herbicide reduction","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mashhad-region","display_name":"Mashhad region","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/livestock-forage","display_name":"livestock forage","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-efficiency","display_name":"land use efficiency","score":0.30300000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513193947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211439","display_name":"Fodder","level":2,"score":0.897366464138031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.8845630884170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.7210556864738464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6970455050468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.6146386861801147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.41739949584007263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.37131160497665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3306877613067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08857393264770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2021.32834.0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Majallah-i \u1e25if\u0101\u1e93at-i giy\u0101h\u0101n, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 373-387 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2021.32834.0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b48cb0e729e4b2b942c59532aa07ed7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Majallah-i \u1e25if\u0101\u1e93at-i giy\u0101h\u0101n, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 373-387 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908527171","https://openalex.org/W2943493279","https://openalex.org/W4237284930","https://openalex.org/W4234022219","https://openalex.org/W4381617086","https://openalex.org/W3025977617","https://openalex.org/W2981336211","https://openalex.org/W4294094671","https://openalex.org/W2321246939","https://openalex.org/W2735509066"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Intercropping":[1,16],"involves":[2],"growing":[3],"more":[4],"than":[5,534,685],"one":[6,751],"crop":[7,177,520,546,715],"in":[8,19,54,59,77,86,90,121,130,179,208,400,446,470,576,583,590,645,711,748],"the":[9,13,20,25,45,55,70,78,95,107,122,138,153,165,173,188,191,217,262,287,301,371,381,447,453,464,471,480,527,539,552,611,619,625,646,652,689,720,727,753],"same":[10,14,472],"field":[11],"at":[12,242,253,269,293,516,572],"time.":[15],"increase":[17,44],"diversity":[18],"cropping":[21,56],"system":[22,178],"and":[23,33,43,74,117,142,161,201,205,211,258,261,279,283,290,298,364,375,414,417,428,430,438,458,474,485,558,580,606,648,659,674,741],"enhance":[24],"utilization":[26],"of":[27,47,97,109,126,134,140,155,167,175,190,193,203,219,245,256,264,281,383,389,407,450,452,456,482,502,513,522,530,541,554,566,570,596,602,613,627,637,643,650,663,691,713,722,750,752],"resources":[28,143],"such":[29],"as":[30,170,172,286,304,377,425,443,731],"light,":[31],"heat":[32],"water.":[34],"This":[35],"practice":[36],"can":[37,68],"also":[38],"help":[39],"to":[40,50,145,215,511,594],"suppress":[41],"weeds":[42,531],"likelihood":[46],"being":[48],"able":[49],"reduce":[51,69],"herbicide":[52],"use":[53],"system.":[57,79],"Alternatively,":[58],"organic":[60],"systems":[61],"where":[62],"herbicides":[63],"are":[64],"not":[65,493,508,549,761],"used,":[66],"intercropping":[67,96,160,197,204,222,251,260,268,410,412,434,436,483,486,536,542,555,591,630,636],"yield":[71,166,325,330,337,579,587,608],"loss":[72,326,331,609],"potential":[73,174],"provide":[75],"stability":[76],"In":[80,213,564,687,718],"recent":[81],"years,":[82],"native":[83],"cotton":[84,123,135,146,159,282,384,523,557,577,614,632,664],"growers":[85],"Khorasan":[87],"region,":[88,93],"especially":[89],"Torbat-e":[91],"Jam":[92],"using":[94,393,463],"cotton-fodder":[98,220,265,628,638,728],"beet":[99,111,128,157,196,221,266,285,369,387,560,585,629,639,680,729],"(Beta":[100],"vulgaris":[101,103],"subsp.":[102],"L.),":[104],"while":[105],"facilitating":[106],"growth":[108],"fodder":[110,127,156,195,284,317,333,353,368,386,525,559,584,679],"plant":[112],"providing":[113],"forage":[114,697],"for":[115,311,316,327,332,342,347,352,362,367,380],"livestock":[116],"increasing":[118],"land":[119,313,320,603],"income":[120],"crop.":[124],"Placement":[125],"plants":[129],"or":[131,568],"between":[132],"rows":[133],"cultivation":[136,154],"accelerates":[137],"conquest":[139],"space":[141],"compared":[144,510,593],"monoculture.":[147,633,665],"Little":[148],"information":[149],"is":[150,708,760],"available":[151],"on":[152,164,198,223,233,488,498,544,556,705,738],"-":[158,524],"its":[162],"effects":[163,427,455],"both":[168,545],"plants,":[169],"well":[171],"this":[176,183,692,723],"weed":[180,199,224,291,302,415,490,706,739],"control.":[181],"Therefore,":[182],"experiment":[184,229,693,724],"was":[185,230,391,492,496,506,532,548,562,588,745],"designed":[186],"with":[187,239,420,640],"aim":[189],"effect":[192,218,406,481,540,704,737],"cotton-":[194],"control":[200],"evaluation":[202,382,716,754],"competitive":[206,360,365,683],"indices":[207,372,601,667,755],"Mashhad":[209,246],"region.Materials":[210],"Methods:":[212],"order":[214],"evaluate":[216],"suppression,":[225],"a":[226,234,305,378,517,641],"split":[227],"factorial":[228],"conducted":[231],"based":[232],"randomized":[235],"complete":[236],"block":[237,429,431],"design":[238],"three":[240,408],"replications":[241],"Ferdowsi":[243],"University":[244],"research":[247],"farm.":[248],"Treatments":[249],"include":[250],"pattern":[252,484,543],"two":[254,294,600],"levels":[255,271,295],"inter-row":[257],"intra-row":[259],"ratio":[263,310,315,322,361,366,413,437,553,605,642,673],"substitution":[267],"five":[270],"including":[272,296,668],"75:":[273],"25,":[274],"50:":[275],"50,":[276],"25:":[277,518],"75":[278,519],"monoculture":[280,512,595,615],"main":[288],"factor":[289],"interference":[292,416,567],"weeding":[297],"non-weeding":[299],"throughout":[300],"season":[303],"secondary":[306],"factor.":[307],"Land":[308],"equivalent":[309,314,321,604],"cotton,":[312,328,343,348,363],"beet,":[318,334,354,526],"total":[319,335,341,355,439,489,499,622,655],",":[323],"actual":[324,329,336,607],"loss,":[338],"relative":[339,344,349,356,620,653,669],"value":[340,621,654,757],"crowding":[345,350,357,670],"coefficient":[346,351],"coefficient,":[358,671],"aggressivity,":[359],"were":[370,423,441,461],"which":[373],"calculated":[374],"used":[376],"basis":[379],"\u2013":[385],"intercropping.Analysis":[388],"variance":[390],"performed":[392,462],"generalized":[394],"linear":[395],"models":[396],"through":[397],"GLMMIX":[398],"procedure":[399],"SAS":[401],"9.4":[402],"software":[403],"environment.":[404],"The":[405,476,599],"factors:":[409],"pattern,":[411,435,733],"their":[418,459],"interaction":[419,460],"each":[421,597],"other":[422,535],"considered":[424,442],"fixed":[426],"effect,":[432],"mixed":[433,714],"error":[440],"random":[444],"variables":[445],"model.":[448],"Comparison":[449],"means":[451],"simple":[454],"factors":[457],"least":[465,573],"squares":[466],"mean":[467],"comparison":[468],"method":[469],"procedure.Results":[473],"Discussion:":[475],"results":[477,690,721],"showed":[478,610,677,694,725],"that":[479,635,678,695,726,743],"proportion":[487,521],"density":[491],"significant,":[494,550],"but":[495,551,618],"significant":[497,509,703,736],"dry":[500,528],"weight":[501,529],"weeds,":[503,571,651],"although":[504,699],"it":[505,700,744,759],"still":[507,709],"cotton.":[514,686],"Accordingly,":[515],"lower":[533],"proportion.":[537],"Also,":[538],"traits":[547,561],"significant.":[563],"terms":[565,712,749],"non-interference":[569],"50%":[574],"reduction":[575,582],"lint":[578],"83%":[581],"root":[586],"observed":[589],"conditions,":[592],"plant.":[598],"superiority":[612,626],"over":[616,631],"intercropping,":[617,698,730],"index":[623,676],"expressed":[624],"So":[634],"75:25,":[644],"presence":[647],"absence":[649],"increased":[656],"by":[657],"2.5":[658],"8.6":[660],"times,":[661],"respectively,":[662],"Competitive":[666],"competition":[672],"aggressivity":[675],"has":[681],"higher":[682],"power":[684],"general,":[688,719],"cotton-beet":[696],"had":[701,734],"no":[702,735],"control,":[707,740],"recommended":[710],"indicators.Conclusion:":[717],"replacement":[732],"considering":[742],"suitable":[746],"only":[747],"(relative":[756],"total),":[758],"generally":[762],"recommendable.":[763]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}